POM／EVA共混物的研究

用力学测试、扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）、热分析（ＤＳＣ）等手段研究了聚甲醛（ＰＯＭ）与乙烯－醋酸乙烯酯共聚物（ＥＶＡ）共混物（ＰＯＭ／ＥＶＡ）的力学性能及其微同形态；用聚甲醛与马来酸二丁酯（ＤＢＭ）的接枝物（ＰＯＭ－ｇ－ＤＢＭ）作相溶剂，能改变共的两相间的粘结力，从而提出了共混物的力学性能，ＳＥＭ观察表明接枝物的加入改变了ＰＯＭ／ＥＶＡ共混物的断裂方式，微观形态及结晶性能，对其热性能影响不大；通过改变ＰＯ     

PET／PA66／液晶共聚酯酰胺共混体系的流变性能

采用ＳＥＭ１、热偏光显微研究了聚对苯二甲乙二酯（ＰＥＴ）／聚酰胺６６（ＰＡ６６）／热致液晶共聚酯酰胺（ＬＣ３０）三元共混物的形态结构;利用Ｉｎｓｔｒｏｎ３２１１型毛细管流变仪研究了共混物的流变性能,结果表明：ＰＥＴ／ＰＡ６６／ＬＣ３０共混物为一热力学不相容的多相聚合物体系,ＬＣ３０的加入提高了ＰＥＴ／ＰＡ６６的相容性,有效地改善了ＰＥＴ／ＰＡ６６共混物的流变性能,ＰＥＴ／ＰＡ６６／ＬＣ３０三元共混     

高密度聚乙烯与乙烯丙烯辛烯－1共聚物共混体系的相容性

用ＤＳＣ和ＷＡＸＤ方法研究了高密度聚乙烯／聚（乙烯丙烯辛烯－１）（ＨＤＰＥ／ＥＰＯ）共混体系的结晶性能。共混物的ＤＳＣ曲线皆呈单峰，表明共混体系形成了共晶。晶胞参数ａ及结晶度随共混物组成而变，进一步证明ＨＤＰＥ／ＥＰＯ共混体系的相容性．     

高密度聚乙烯与乙烯丙烯辛烯—1共聚物共混体系的相容性

用ＤＳＣ和ＷＡＸＤ方法研究了高密度聚乙烯／聚（乙烯丙烯辛烯－１）（ＨＤＰＥ／ＥＰＯ）共混体系的结晶性能。共混物的ＤＳＣ曲线皆呈单峰，表明共混体系形成了共晶。晶胞参数ａ及结晶度随共混物组成而变，进一步证明ＨＤＰＥ／ＥＰＯ共混体系的相容性。     

引入离子基团改善聚苯乙烯和热致液晶聚合物的相容性 Ⅰ热性能和形态

ＤＳＣ和ＳＥＭ研究结果表明聚苯乙烯（ＰＳ）与一种热致液晶聚合物（ＬＣＰ）（ＰＨＢ／ＰＥＴ（６０／４０）共聚酯）完全不相容．共混体系具有与组分无关的Ｔｇ，并且表现出明显的两相结构．将ＰＳ进行化学改性（引入磺酸基团）制备成磺化聚苯乙烯（ＳＰＳ），随中和盐离子的变化有：酸式、Ｌｉ、Ｎａ、Ｚｎ和Ｍｎ盐五种形式．用ＤＳＣ和ＳＥＭ对ＬＣＰ与ＳＰＳ共混物的热性能和形态进行了分析和表征．共混体系有一个与组成相关，且明显低于纯ＳＰＳ的Ｔｇ．这表明了ＰＳ与ＬＣＰ的相容性因为磺酸基团的引入而得到了改善．同时用Ｆｏｘ方程计算了ＬＣＰ的Ｔｇ．当ＳＰＳ含量较低时（不大于５０％）在各个共混体系中，所估算的ＬＣＰ的Ｔｇ相互吻合．表明共混体系满足Ｆｏｘ方程的前提条件，即ＬＣＰ与ＳＰＳ形成相容体系．当ＳＰＳ含量较低时（２５％），ＬＣＰ／ＳＰＳ的共混物为较均一体系，断面光滑；而ＳＰＳ含量较高时，在脆断面可以观察到纳米级的颗粒．电子能谱分析证明了这些颗粒是ＳＰＳ负离子的聚集体．     

热致液晶PEI与PES—C共混物的研究

通过熔融共混,制备不同配比（２．５／９７．５－７５／２５）的ＰＥＩ／ＰＥＳ－Ｃ共混物,使用ＷＡＸＤ、ＤＳＣ、锥板流变仪、力学性能测试、ＳＥＭ等方法对共混物进行了研究。共混后强度、模量均有提高,在高剪切速率下,共混物的粘度有所降低。扫描电镜照片显示,共混物具有“皮芯”结构。     

BR和DCP在PS／LLDPE／SBS体系中的协同作用

ＢＲ和ＤＣＰ在ＰＳ／ＬＬＤＰＥ／ＳＢＳ体系中的协同作用方征平，许承威，项义崇（杭州大学化学系，杭州，３１００２８）关键词聚苯乙烯，聚乙烯，共混物，相分散－交联协同作用相分散（增容）－交联协同作用是提高不相容聚合物共混物性能的有效方法，我们曾将此方法成...     

接枝共聚物氯化聚乙烯－苯乙烯对聚苯乙烯的共混改性

用氯化聚乙烯接枝苯乙烯共聚物（ＣＰＥ－ｇ－Ｓｔ）和氯比聚乙烯（ＣＰＥ）对聚苯乙烯（ＰＳ）进行共混改性．当ＣＰＥ含量为２５％时，用ＣＰＥ－ｇ－Ｓｔ改性的共混物的冲击强度为１８．５ｋＪ·ｍ￣（－２），是用ＣＰＥ改性的共混物冲击强度的２．１倍；其拉伸强度不低于３４ＭＰａ．     

接枝共聚物氯化聚乙烯—苯乙烯对聚苯乙烯的共混改性

用氯化聚乙烯接枝苯乙烯共聚物（ＣＰＥ－ｇ－Ｓｔ）和氯化聚乙烯（ＣＰＥ）对聚苯乙烯（ＰＳ）进行共混改性。当ＣＰＥ含量为２５％时，用ＣＰＥ－ｇＳｔ改性的共混物的冲击强度为１８．５ｋＪ．ｍ＾－＾２，是用ＣＰＥ改性的共混物冲击强度的２．１倍；其拉伸强度不低于３４ＭＰａ。     

酞侧基聚芳醚砜／聚苯硫醚共混物的形态与力学性能

酞侧基聚芳醚砜（ＰＥＳ－Ｃ）与聚苯硫醚（ＰＰＳ）具有部分相容性，虽然ＰＰＳ的强度和韧性均低于ＰＥＳ－，但ＰＰＳ含量为２％～１０％的ＰＥＳ－Ｃ／ＰＰＳ共混物在保持ＰＥＳ－Ｃ原有强度，断裂伸长率的同时，模量略增，冲击强度有很大幅度提高，熔融指数亦蛔。     

PA6/HIPS/PP-g-(GMA-co-St)反应共混体系的研究

通过扫描电镜、热分析、熔体流动速率、熔融扭矩和力学性能等测试方法研究了甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)和苯乙烯(St)多单体熔融接枝聚丙烯[PP-g-(GMA-co-St)]对PA6/HIPS共混物的熔融流变性能、结晶行为、相形态和力学性能的影响.结果表明,在熔融共混过程中,PP-g-(GMA-co-St)中的环氧基与PA6的端氨基原位生成的接枝共聚物有效地降低了共混物的界面张力,提高了共混物的界面粘着力,使共聚物的流动速率降低,熔融扭矩提高;PA6分子链的规整性降低,结晶完善性变差.在PP-g-(GMA-co-St)的质量分数为10%时,共混物分散相的尺寸明显减少,力学性能得到较大提高;其中冲击强度超过纯PA6,达到HIPS水平.通过反应共混,制备了力学性能均衡的PA6/HIPS/PP-g-(GMA-co-St)共混物合金.     

Long-Range Processing Correlation and Morphological Fractality of Compatibilized Blends of PS/ HDPE/ SEBS Block Copolymer

Summary: Processing and compatibilization effects of a commercially available styrene/ ethylene-butylene/ styrene (SEBS) compatibilizer on the morphological structure, rheological and mechanical properties of blends of polystyrene (PS) and high density polyethylene (HDPE) were investigated. The rheological behaviour of the blends melt during processing was followed by measuring torque; extrusion capacity output and melts back-pressure in a twin screw extruder. The processing parameters were decreased with the HDPE content. The results show that SEBS compatibilizer can yield compatibilization by substantially reducing torque and increasing the back-pressure. However, the Hurst indices of melt processing parameters are increased with compatibilization. Near-infrared spectra had been described by the Hurst index H_NIR which is then related to HDPE content in the blends. The correlation between the blend compositions, morphological structure, mechanical and rheological properties and processing parameters was established and discussed on base of correlation with the fractal indices obtained from the SEM microphotographs of PS/HDPE/SEBS blends.     

无水AlCl_3催化PVC/PS反应性增容的研究

以无水AlCl3为催化剂,通过聚氯乙烯(PVC)与聚苯乙烯(PS)之间Friedel-Crafts反应,实现了PVC/PS共混体系的反应性增容,使PVC与PS熔融共混温度由160℃降为140℃;通过预碾磨和加入苯乙烯(St)的方法,提高材料韧性,制备了综合力学性能良好的PVC/PS合金材料.应用FTIR、DSC、SEM和力学性能测试等手段表征了合金材料的结构与性能.结果表明,FTIR出现了1943和838 cm-12个苯环对位被取代的特征吸收峰;DSC在89℃出现了玻璃化转变;SEM证明PVC/PS两相界面粘接性随AlCl3、St的加入越来越好.在PS、AlCl3和St的质量分数分别为6%,0.6%和9%时,实现了对PVC的增强增韧.合金拉伸强度达到60.54MPa,比PVC的49.35 MPa提高了22.7%;缺口冲击强度达到5.3 kJ/m2,比PVC的3.9 kJ/m2提高了35.9%.     

HIPS／PP熔融反应共混及其动态力学性质

研究了高抗冲聚苯乙烯（HIPS）／聚丙烯（PP）共混物在过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）存在下的熔融反应过程及其动态力学性质．HIPS在DCP存在下以聚苯乙烯（PS）的降解为主，伴随着聚丁二烯（PB）的交联和接枝，PP在DCP存在下以降解为主，HIPS／PP在DCP存在下以PP同HIPS的反应接枝为主，这种原位生成的增容剂显著地改善了HIPS／PP两组份间的相容性，其分子运动特征较前两者发生明显变化，PS的Tg下降，PB和PP的Tg升高．     

含碱性功能基聚合物反应性增容体系的研究

含碱性功能基聚合物反应性增容体系的研究胡静，张邦华，宋谋道，周庆业（南开大学高分子化学研究所，天津，３０００７１）关键词聚合物共混，反应性聚合物，碱性功能基，反应性增容通过共混单体方法制备聚合物“合金”是聚合物高性能化、开发材料新品种的主要方法。对于...     

Photochemical aging of in situ polymerized blends of polystyrene and poly[acrylonitrile-g-(ethylene-co-propylene-co-diene)-g-styrene] (AES)

The influence of photochemical aging of in situ polymerized PS/AES blends on their mechanical properties has been studied. The PS/AES blends were subjected to photochemical aging for 168 h and 720 h. Tensile properties and Izod impact resistance of aged and non-aged samples were evaluated. The mechanical properties of the PS/AES blends are influenced by the polymerization temperature and blend composition and represent a balance between the toughness of EPDM and the stiffness of SAN in the PS matrix. Even though the impact resistance and strain at break of HIPS are higher than those of the PS/AES blends, after the aging period all PS/AES blends showed higher strain at break than HIPS. PS/AES blends present higher photochemical stability than HIPS.     

Development and characterization of reactive extruded PVC/polyacrylate blends

This paper describes a method to obtain polymer blends by the absorption of a liquid solution of monomer, initiator, and a crosslinking agent in suspension type porous poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) particles, forming a dry blend. These PVC/monomer dry blends are reactively polymerized in a twin‐screw extruder to obtain the in situ polymerization in a melt state of various blends: PVC/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PVC/PMMA), PVC/poly(vinyl acetate) (PVC/PVAc), PVC/poly(butyl acrylate) (PVC/PBA) and PVC/poly(ethylhexyl acrylate) (PVC/PEHA). Physical PVC/PMMA blends were produced, and the properties of those blends are compared to reactive blends of similar compositions. Owing to the high polymerization temperature (180°C), the polymers formed in this reactive polymerization process have low molecular weight. These short polymer chains plasticize the PVC phase reducing the melt viscosity, glass transition and the static modulus. Reactive blends of PVC/PMMA and PVC/PVAc are more compatible than the reactive PVC/PBA and PVC/PEHA blends. Reactive PVC/PMMA and PVC/PVAc blends are transparent, form single phase morphology, have single glass transition temperature (T_g), and show mechanical properties that are not inferior than that of neat PVC. Reactive PVC/PBA and PVC/PEHA blends are incompatible and two discrete phases are observed in each blend. However, those blends exhibit single glass transition owing to low content of the dispersed phase particles, which is probably too low to be detected by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) as a separate T_g value. The reactive PVC/PEHA show exceptional high elongation at break (～90%) owing to energy absorption optimized at this dispersed particle size (0.2–0.8 µm). Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Compatibilizing effect of functionalized polystyrene blends: a study of morphology,thermal, and mechanical properties

Polystyrene (PS), being an amorphous polymer is immiscible with other polymers. To engender miscible blends, PS has been functionalized with an active amino‐functional group on the molecular chains of PS to yield amino‐substituted polystyrene (APS), which serves as a reactive compatibilizer. The compatibilization effect of amino functionalized polystyrene on the rubber toughening was explored and results were compared in terms of morphology, thermal, and mechanical properties of PS/SEBS‐g‐MA versus APS/SEBS‐g‐MA blends. In addition, the effect of rubber content on the blend morphology and mechanical properties were investigated. An appreciable change in the thermal stability of APS blends in comparison with PS blend has been probed. A marked correlation has been observed between phase morphology and thermal stability. Use of APS produced the compatibilized blends which render improved blend morphology, enhanced thermal and mechanical properties. Optimal thermal, morphological and mechanical profiles were depicted by 20‐wt% APS blend. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

聚苯乙烯，聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯对聚氯乙烯／氯化聚乙烯共混体流变性的影响

聚苯乙烯，聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯对聚氯乙烯／氯化聚乙烯共混体流变性的影响杨文君，吴其晔，杜华（青岛化工学院高分子材料系，青岛，２６６０４２）王建民，李应华，张宝善（齐鲁石化研究院，淄博，２５５４３４）关键词塑料改性，流变性，聚氯乙烯，氯化聚乙烯，刚性粒子我...     

PREFERENTIAL INTERCALATION BEHAVIOR OF CLAY AND ITS EFFECT ON THE THERMAL DEGRADATION IN IMMISCIBLE PP/PS BLENDS

The typical immiscible PP/PS blend based clay nanocomposites were prepared via melt blending.The dispersion of clay was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).Thermal stability and dynamic mechanical properties were measured by thermogravimetrical analysis (TGA) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA),respectively.Preferential intercalation behavior of clay in PP/PS blends was found.The dispersion of clay is significantly influenced by the polarity of PP and PS,mea...