共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 609 毫秒
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不饱和烃类化合物的羰基化反应是指在过渡金属催化剂存在条件下, 将一氧化碳(CO)分子以羰基的形式插入到烯烃(或者炔烃)与不同的亲核试剂中, 合成更高附加值化学品的转化过程. 本文综合评述了羰基化反应合成高附加值化学品的重要性, 介绍了几种不同类型的羰基化反应(氢甲酰化反应、 氢酯化反应、 氢酰胺化反应和氢羧基化反应)在发展新型催化剂体系及高效合成目标产物方面的研究进展, 并对羰基化反应存在的问题及未来发展方向和趋势进行了展望. 相似文献
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离子液体由于具有良好的溶解能力、配位能力、热及化学稳定性、结构及性质可调、环境友好等特点,被认为是传统非环保型、有毒、污染严重的溶剂和催化剂潜在的替代品,已被广泛应用于有机合成及催化领域。本文综述了近年来离子液体在羰基化反应中的应用及催化反应机理研究进展,包括烯烃、醇类化合物、芳烃、胺/胺醇、卤代芳烃及甲醛的羰基化反应,羰基源主要包括CO、CO2和碳酸二甲酯,涉及到了酸性离子液体、碱性离子液体、金属类离子液体、负载型离子液体等多种类型的功能化及非功能化离子液体。在上述反应中离子液体不仅可以提高反应活性和选择性,而且简化了催化剂分离过程,在部分反应中实现了回收和循环使用。并对羰基化反应的发展及应用前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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与芳香胺相比,芳香硝基化合物具有廉价易得、官能团兼容性好等优点,作为氮源在下游含氮化学品合成中具有广泛的应用.目前烯烃羰化酰胺化反应绝大多数以胺类化合物为氮源,其中直链和支链酰胺产物的选择性主要是通过具有特定电子和位阻特性的配体调控实现.已报道的芳香硝基化合物的还原酰胺化反应研究中,需要外加还原剂或者利用金属羰基化合物Mo(CO)6释放的CO为羰基源和还原剂.本文发展了一种毋须外加还原剂的钯催化芳香硝基化合物与烯烃的还原羰化酰胺化反应新方法.研究发现,钯金属催化剂(特别是离子型)的抗衡阴离子是还原羰化酰胺化反应中化学选择性和羰化区域选择性的关键因素.抗衡阴离子为氯离子、硼酸为助剂时,最优钯前驱物K2PdCl4的产物主要为支链酰胺,此时不同的膦配体并不能调控其区域选择性,这与胺的烯烃酰胺化反应可以通过配体调控羰化的区域选择性表现出明显的不同.含氮中间体原位捕捉、硝基化合物还原下游可能中间体对照实验等研究表明,芳香硝基化合物在以一氧化碳为还原剂的催化还原体系下被完全脱氧还原为氮烯(Ar-N:),再经过烯酰胺中间体进一步烯键还原得到相应的支链酰胺;当离子型钯前驱物的抗衡阴离子配位性较弱时,最优钯前驱物为Pd(CH3CN)4(OTf)2时,以直链酰胺为主要产物,此时不同的膦配体可以调控酰胺化的区域选择性.同样的机理研究表明,在该催化剂体系下芳香硝基化合物首先被还原为芳基胺,然后再发生与现有报道类似的胺类化合物的烯烃羰化酰胺化反应.这两个催化反应体系都表现出了较好的底物适用性,并且可以高效地应用于除草剂(敌稗)的一步合成.本文为以硝基化合物为起始氮源,通过催化控制生成特定含氮中间体,从而可控合成不同的含氮化学品提供了一条新思路. 相似文献
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一氧化碳参与的羰基化反应是有机合成中最重要的反应之一.烯烃的氢羰基化反应已经被广泛应用于药物、材料及精细化学品的工业生产中[1].例如,乙烯的甲氧羰基化反应被用于甲基丙烯酸甲酯的工业合成,然而,该领域仍有许多挑战性难题尚未得到有效解决.烯烃的氢胺羰基化反应能以原子经济性的方式合成酰胺,且已经实现该类反应的区域选择性控制,但是,如何同时控制该类反应的区域选择性和对映选择性,以简单易得的烯烃和一氧化碳为底物直接合成手性酰胺类化合物,仍是一个悬而未决的重要难题. 相似文献
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Yahui Li Dr. Kaiwu Dong Fengxiang Zhu Zechao Wang Prof. Dr. Xiao‐Feng Wu 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2016,55(25):7227-7230
Carbonylation reactions are a most powerful method for the synthesis of carbonyl‐containing compounds. However, most known carbonylation procedures still require noble‐metal catalysts and the use of activated compounds and good nucleophiles as substrates. Herein, we developed a copper‐catalyzed carbonylative transformation of cycloalkanes and amides. Imides were prepared in good yields by carbonylation of a C(sp3)?H bond of the cycloalkane with the amides acting as weak nucleophiles. Notably, this is the first report of copper‐catalyzed carbonylative C?H activation. 相似文献
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V. P. Boyarskii T. E. Zhesko K. E. Tvorogov 《Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry》2007,43(12):1760-1764
Dichlorobiphenyls having both chlorine atoms in the same benzene ring undergo mild carbonylation in the presence of 1,2-epoxypropane-modified carbonyl cobalt complex to give biphenylcarboxylic acid esters. Monochlorobiphenyls fail to react under analogous conditions. The rate and selectivity of the reaction depend on the position of chlorine atoms. Carbonylation of dichlorobiphenyls having a chlorine atom in the meta position occurs preferentially at that position. 2,4-Dichlorobiphenyl gives rise mainly to the carbonylation product at the 2-position. 相似文献
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Carbonylation of olefins, alcohols and halides using homogeneous as well as heterogeneous catalysts has been discussed. Highlights
of contributions on the activity, selectivity and stability of catalysts for carbonylation reactions are discussed. Kinetics
and mechanism including characterization of the intermediate catalytic species has also been reviewed. The performance of
anchored Pd complexes on mesoporous supports (MCM-41 and MCM-48), water soluble Pd complexes and supported Pd catalysts in
carbonylation of aryl alcohols and olefins has been discussed in the context of catalyst-product separation. Some aspects
of kinetic modelling and reaction engineering of these multiphase catalytic reactions have also been reviewed. 相似文献
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[reaction: see text] Catalytic carbonylation of epoxides to beta-lactones was effected by a highly active and selective bimetallic catalyst comprised of a chromium(III) porphyrin cation and a cobalt tetracarbonyl anion. The complex is readily synthesized from commercially available compounds in high yield. Carbonylation of numerous linear epoxides, as well as bicyclic epoxides derived from 8- and 12-membered hydrocarbons, proceeded with high activity, selectivity, and yield. 相似文献
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Haoquan Li Dr. Kaiwu Dong Dr. Helfried Neumann Prof. Matthias Beller 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2015,54(35):10239-10243
Carbonylation reactions allow the efficient synthesis of all kinds of carbonyl‐containing compounds. Here, we report a straightforward synthesis of various imides from olefins and CO for the first time. The established hydroamidocarbonylation reaction affords imides in good yields (up to 90 %) and with good regioselectivity (up to 99:1) when applying different alkenes and amides. The synthetic potential of the method is highlighted by the synthesis of Aniracetam by intramolecular hydroamidocarbonylation. 相似文献
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The carbonylation reaction is an effective way to introduce CO or other carbonyl groups into organic compounds, and widely used in the preparation of aldehydes, ketones, amides, and esters. The replacement of conventional reaction approaches by greener electrochemical methods is appealing with great synthetic potential as well as inherent safety, owing to the avoidance of external oxidants or reductants and a more facile control in product selectivity. In this minireview, we give a summary of the recent development of carbonylation reactions via the electrochemical approach. 相似文献
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Carbonylation,one of the most powerful approaches to the preparation of carbonylated compounds,has received significant attention from researchers active in various fields.Indeed,impressive progress has been made on this subject over the past few decades.Among the various types of carbonylation reactions,asymmetric carbonylation is a straightforward methodology for constructing chiral compounds.Although rhodium-catalyzed enantioselective hydroformylations have been discussed in several elegant reviews,a general review on palladium-catalyzed asymmetric carbonylations is still missing.In this review,we summarize and discuss recent achievements in palladium-catalyzed asymmetric carbonylation reactions.Notably,this review’s contents are categorized by reaction type. 相似文献