用温度敏感高分子为载体的激光光声免疫分析及其应用

将单克隆抗乙肝表面抗原体抗与温度敏感高分子聚Ｎ－异丙基丙烯酰胺连接，中液相中与抗原、酶标抗体反应，通过热沉淀实现与游离酶标体抗体的异相分离。高分子载休的引入能减少非特异性吸附，罗大相载体聚乙烯酶标板更有利于激光光声技术高灵敏度优势的。同时，采用０．５％的十二烷基硫酸钠水溶液作显色终止剂，易与Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光波长匹配，实现了对低值乙肝表面抗原阳性血清的检测。     

双缩水甘油醚活化法制备免疫吸附剂及其对乙型肝炎表面抗原的吸附

采用1,4－二羟基正丁烷双缩水甘油醚活化交联壳聚糖树脂,偶联抗－乙型肝炎表面抗原单克隆抗体,制备树脂／抗体免疫吸附剂,对含乙型肝炎表面抗原的患者阳性血清的吸附试验结果表明,吸附率可达44％,能使阳性血清转为阴性。     

用微量热法研究漆酶和3,4—二羟基苯甲醛的反应

用微量热法研究漆酶和３，４－二羟基苯甲醛的反应望天志＊吴鼎泉万洪文＊＊屈松生（武汉大学化学系，武汉４３００７２，＊＊华中师范大学化学系武汉）关键词漆树漆酶，微量热法，３，４－二羟基苯甲醛１９９６－０８－０８收稿，１９９６－１０－１７修回国家自然科学基...     

硝基磺酚S作为酶联免疫分析中辣根过氧化物酶测定底物的研究

提出一种新的ＨＲＰ底物－硝基磺酚Ｓ,初步探讨了在ＨＲＰ催化下被过氧化氢氧化的机制,以硝基磺酚Ｓ为底物测定了酶促反应动力学常数Ｋｍ和Ｋｓ分别为４．５１×１０＾－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ和２８．１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ·ｓ＾－１。分别用于酶联免疫显色光度法和伏安酶联免疫分析法测定了ＩｇＧ－ＨＲＰ,其所能测定的最高稀释比分别为１：１．６×１０＾５和１：４．８×１０＾５。     

红细胞标记抗体的化学发光免疫分析

用红细胞代替辣根过氧化物酶作为双抗体夹心免疫分析中第二抗体的标记物, 建立了一种红细胞标记抗体的免疫化学发光测定乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原的新方法. 在免疫反应完成后, 结合了抗原-抗体免疫复合物的致敏红细胞在低渗溶液中溶血, 释放出血红蛋白. 基于血红蛋白对鲁米诺-H2O2体系化学发光具有催化作用的原理, 采用化学发光法测定血红蛋白含量. 测得的血红蛋白发光强度与待测抗原浓度呈线性关系. 采用这种方法可检测出0.5 ng/mL的乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原. 将该方法与酶联免疫吸附分析(ELISA)结合起来对乙型肝炎患者血清乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)进行检测, 两者符合率均为97%, 表明本法具有良好的灵敏度和特异性, 可用于临床标本测试.     

偶合反应伏安酶联免疫分析测定人血清乙型肝炎核心抗体的研究

本文提出一种竞争法偶合反应伏安酶联免疫分析测定人血清乙型肝炎核心抗体（ＨＢｃＡｂ）的新方法，该法将辣根过氧化物酶标记的乙型肝炎核心抗体（ＨＢｃＡｂ－ＨＲＰ）催化Ｈ２Ｏ氧化邻甲联苯胺（ＯＴ）的反应与邻甲联苯胺的氧化产物在电极上的还原反应相偶合，根据测定标记在ＨＢｃＡｂ上的ＨＲＰ的量，求得发生液相竞争免疫反应的ＨＢｃＡｂ的含量。测定ＨＢｃＡｂ－ＨＲＰ及ＨＢｃＡｂ的灵敏度均高于经典的酶联免疫吸附法（ＥＬ     

压电免疫传感器用于乙肝表面抗原的测定

乙肝表面抗原 ( HBs Ag)的检测是临床诊断乙型肝炎的一项重要指标 .目前常用酶联免疫法和放射免疫法检测 [1] ,但酶本身性质不稳定且价格昂贵、操作繁琐 ;而放射免疫法存在放射性废物难处理的局限性 .压电免疫传感器具有装置简单、价格便宜、灵敏度高、实时快速和无需标记等优点 ,广泛应用于环境监测、药物分析及微生物检测等多个领域 [2～ 4 ] .本文应用自组装单分子膜技术 ,在压电石英晶体表面形成致密有序的半胱胺单分子膜 ,通过戊二醛共价交联 ,将乙肝表面抗原单克隆抗体分子固定于晶体电极表面 ,研制成 HBs Ag压电免疫传感器 ,用于…     

用光声谱法测量Ⅱ-Ⅵ族化合物粉末材料的吸收谱

本文报道了采用自行设计组装的光声光谱(PAS)测量系统,测定(Zn,Cd)(S,Se)粉末固溶体的带隙与组分的关系;观测ZnS:Mn粉末发光材料的光声谱,确定出Mn~(2+)五个激发态能级的位置;利用光声谱的深度剖面分析,对Cu_xS-ZnS:Mn粉末材料进行分析,获得满意的结果。表明光声谱法对凝聚态物质的研究和监测能提供多方面的信息,是一种极有用的新型光谱测量技术。     

稀土氧化物的光声光谱和能级

光声光谱是70年代中兴起的一种光谱新技术,与一般的吸收光谱比较,光声谱是一种能谱,即使在弱吸收的情况下,很小的吸收能也能被光声谱仪的微音器所检测,所以近年来已应用于物理、化学、生物学、医学、材料科学及环境检测等领域。我们对稀土氧化物的光声谱进行了较细致的研究,得到许多光声谱数据。     

OAP-H2O2-HRP伏安酶联免疫分析新体系测定人血清总甲状腺素

提出邻氨基酚（ＯＡＰ）－Ｈ２Ｏ２－辣根过氧化物酶（ＨＲＰ）发酶联免疫分析新体系并用于人血清中总甲状腺素的测定。本方法以线性扫描二阶导数伏安法检测ＨＲＰ催化Ｈ２Ｏ２氧化ＯＡＰ的产物,用于游离ＨＲＰ和ＨＲＰ标记物的测定,灵敏度的高于经典的ＥＬＩＳＡ显色光度法。测定游离ＨＲＰ的线性范围为１．０×１０＾１２￣４．０×１０＾－９ｇ／ｍＬ,检测限达６．０×１０＾１３ｇ／ｍＬ。本法对总甲状腺素测定的线性范围为１     

Dot-immunobinding assay using indirect photoacoustic measurement

Dot-immunobinding assay of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was performed by a conventionally dot-ELISA technique with 4-chloro-1-naphthol staining, and the quantitative results were measured by an indirect photoacoustic method. In this method, a 2-mW helium-neon laser was applied to provide the excitation beam, the blue spots on the membrane were detected in a piezoelectric transducer-based photoacoustic cell. The operational conditions of measurement were optimized. A significant difference from the negative human serum was obtained for 50 pg in HBsAg detection. The method proposed provides a sensitive quantitative technique for dot-immunobinding assay.     

Dot-immunobinding assay using indirect photoacoustic measurement

Dot-immunobinding assay of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was performed by a conventionally dot-ELISA technique with 4-chloro-1-naphthol staining, and the quantitative results were measured by an indirect photoacoustic method. In this method, a 2-mW helium-neon laser was applied to provide the excitation beam, the blue spots on the membrane were detected in a piezoelectric transducer-based photoacoustic cell. The operational conditions of measurement were optimized. A significant difference from the negative human serum was obtained for 50 pg in HBsAg detection. The method proposed provides a sensitive quantitative technique for dot-immunobinding assay. Received: 2 November 1999 / Revised: 27 January 2000 / Accepted: 1 February 2000     

稀土氧化物的光声光谱

本文报导了在自制的GS-1型光声光谱仪上首次测得的La₂O₃、CeO₂、Pr₆O₁₁、Nd₂O₃、Sm₂O₃、Eu₂O₃、Gd₂O₃、Tb₄O₇、Dy₂O₃、Ho₂O₃、Er₂O₃、Tm₂O₃、Yb₂O₃、Lu₂O₃等镧系元素14个稀土氧化物的光声光谱。实验结果与文献报导的漫反射谱一致。为从事稀土化合物研究和应用的人员提供了可参考的光谱数据。     

Dynamics of L-tryptophan in aqueous solution by simultaneous laser induced fluorescence (LIF) and photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS)

An experimental system for measuring simultaneously photoacoustic (PA) and fluorescence signals is described. The simultaneous measurement of laser induced fluorescence and photoacoustic signals provide a suitable method for the study of different quenching phenomena occurring in fluorescent systems. In this paper we report tryptophan solvation dynamics in water using fluorescence and photoacoustic spectra recorded simultaneously by photoacoustic and fluorescence signals as functions of concentration, indicate that quantum yield is maximum at low concentrations. Also, the energy lost in the fluorescence path of tryptophan, due to different quenching phenomena like self quenching, Resonance energy transfer (RET), solvation relaxation, etc. is clearly seen from the photoacoustic signal intensity which increases as the fluorescence intensity decreases.     

光声位相理论及其在化学中的应用研究进展

光声位相作为光声光谱重要的一部分, 包含着很多有价值的信息, 对它的研究可以获得其它光谱甚至光声振幅谱都不能得到的信息。光声位相在测定样品的光学和热学性质、样品无辐射弛豫过程的研究以及深度剖面分析等方面显示了特有的能力。本文结合本实验室近几年的工作, 在光声光谱理论的基础上,对光声位相理论及其在化学中的应用作一综述。     

Photoacoustic spectra of rare-earth 1-tyrosine hydrazide, 8-hydroxyquinoline and ammonium metavanadate

The photoacoustic spectra of 1-tyrosine hydrazide, 8-hydroxyquinoline and ammonium metavanadate complexes containing Pr, Nd, Er and Ho have been recorded in the 400–800 nm region using a single beam photoacoustic spectrometer. The main spectral features in the photoacoustic spectra are found to be due to triply ionized rare-earth atoms and the assignments reveal a red shift in their spectral features as compared to their positions in the free ions. These shifts have been used to calculate the nephelauxetic parameters for these complexes. The photoacoustic branching ratios have also been determined and compared with absorption branching ratios for some of these complexes.     

Near-infrared diode laser wavelength modulation-based photoacoustic spectrometer

An inexpensive resonant photoacoustic spectrometer based on a low-power distributed feedback diode laser and wavelength modulation spectroscopy is developed. This sensor has been applied to the detection of acetylene (C2H2) using a properly designed photoacoustic cell operating on its second longitudinal mode. The minimum detectable limit of about 10 parts-per-million volume (signal to noise ratio=1) is achieved at atmospheric pressure, and the pressure and laser power linear dependence of the photoacoustic signal is also investigated. Moreover, in this paper we also describe some basic theory of gas photoacoustic spectroscopy.     

Photoacoustic detection of circular dichroism

An analysis is presented for an experimental technique involving the measurement of circular dichroism using polarization-modulated photoacoustic spectroscopy. The technique is referred to as photoacoustic circular dichroism (PACD). In the PACD experiment, a photoacoustic signal is induced by using polarization-modulated excitation light which is alternately left-and right-circularly polarized. Expression appropriate for analyzing the PACD experimental observables (signal strength and phase) in terms of sample circular dichroism are developed within the general framework of the Rosencwaig and Gersho model for the photoacoustic effect in solids and liquids. Calculations based on these expressions are reported and the applicability of PACD for measuring the circular dichronic properties of optically opaque samples is discussed.