抗污界面构建及其电化学生物传感应用进展

电化学生物传感器具有灵敏度高、便携性好、响应快速和易于集成等优点,在临床检测方面有很大应用潜力,并在可穿戴健康监测领域得到了快速发展。但在实际临床生物样本检测中,非靶标生物物质会在电极表面产生非特异性吸附（即生物污染）,影响了电化学生物传感器的性能。因此,构建具有防污染能力的传感界面（抗污界面）,防止非靶标物质吸附到电极表面,对于扩大电化学生物传感器的实际应用范围,实现在复杂生物样本中的检测至关重要。本文概述了物理、化学和生物抗污电极界面的构建及其在临床相关生物标志物检测中的应用,为电化学生物传感器实际应用性能的提升提供技术参考,并通过对界面抗污原理和存在问题的探讨,对抗污界面发展前景和未来趋势予以展望。     

石墨烯基微电极的制备及其在电化学传感中的应用

微电极由于灵敏度高、响应快、样品用量少、操作简便等特点,近年来在化学分析、生物医学、食品安全、环境检测等领域引起人们的广泛关注。 石墨烯具有超高的比表面积、优异的电子迁移率及良好的生物相容性等优点,近年来在电化学传感领域展示出巨大的发展前景。 本文围绕石墨烯基微电极的制备及其在电化学传感中的应用展开,总结了近年来国内外同行基于石墨烯修饰微电极和石墨烯微电极在重金属离子、多巴胺、葡萄糖、H₂O₂等分子检测方面取得的研究成果。 同时探讨了石墨烯基微电极在电化学传感方面面临的挑战和发展前景。     

可穿戴电化学传感器件的研制及其应用

可穿戴电化学传感器件是一种可直接穿戴在身体特定部位、甚至植入用户体内的柔性电化学传感器。其具有简易性、便携性、灵活性等特点,可实时电化学监测与跟踪分析待测物,被广泛用于医疗保健、人体健康和环境监测等领域。该综述概括了可穿戴电化学传感器件的硬件设计与研制,及其在汗液检测、神经化学监测、现场分析检测（POCT）中的应用,总结和展望了可穿戴电化学传感器件的未来发展趋势,以期为可穿戴电化学传感领域的进一步发展提供参考。     

钴卟啉修饰电极为基底的葡萄糖酶电极

生物电化学传感器的开发和应用是目前电分析化学研究中的一个重要方向,其中最引人注目的是电流式生物电化学传感器的研究。传统的电流式生物电化学传感器的基础电极采用的是能检测氧气和过氧化氢的贵金属电极。本文采用四苯基钴卟啉化学修饰电极代替     

自组装膜技术在电分析化学中的研究与应用

本文对自组膜（ＳＡＭｓ）在电分析化学中的研究和应用进行了比较全面的综述。ＳＡＭｓ是单分子膜化学修饰电极发展的最高形式，本文着重阐述了硫醇／金单分子层自组膜在微电极、生物电化学和生物传感器、液相色谱电化学、电催化、光谱电化学等电分析化学研究领域中的应用，并进行了展望。     

微流控芯片中超微电极的制作及其在芯片-电化学检测中的应用

设计并制作了集成有超微电极的玻璃微流控芯片.在电化学检测芯片1(EC-1)中,以光刻方法制作13μm宽的Pt超微电极,距分离管道末端30μm,优化电极体系和分离电压,检测了电泳分离的神经递质.在电化学检测芯片2(EC-2)中,制作7μm宽的超微电极,在其上游集成城墙式的膜结构,进一步腐蚀后的膜厚度为10μm,具有良好的导电性和散热性能,成功地将高压电场截至在超微电极之前,具有进一步应用于电化学检测的能力.     

“界面设计与电化学传感”专辑序言

<正>电化学传感是化学传感器的一个非常重要的分支，也是目前研究最多，应用最为广泛的化学传感。自1962年Leland Clark Jr提出安培葡萄糖酶电极以来，电化学传感器已被广泛应用于临床、工业、环境和农业分析。伴随着应用范围的拓宽，特别是近年来电化学传感器在精准医疗诊断、脑神经科学等领域的不断拓展，电化学传感的设计和研发也面临着更大的挑战。     

智能手机在生化传感分析中的应用进展

该文主要综述了基于智能手机生化检测的光学和电化学检测技术,及其在生化传感分析中强大的通信手段。重点介绍了智能手机集成的生化传感器技术的性能、优点,及其在生化检测中的应用,讨论了目前智能手机在生化传感分析方面存在的局限性和面临的挑战,并展望了未来的发展方向和潜在的机遇。     

基于电化学阻抗谱的致病菌检测传感器的研究进展（英文）

几千年来,致病菌对人类健康构成了巨大威胁。实现致病菌的实时监测可有效阻止致病菌的传播,从而降低对人类健康的威胁。迄今为止,已有电化学、光学、压电和量热等多种技术用于细菌的检测。其中,基于电化学阻抗技术的传感器由于其成本低、读取时间短、重现性好、设备便携等优点,在实时细菌检测中展现出了巨大的应用潜力。本文主要综述了近三年来电化学阻抗技术在细菌传感中的典型应用。众所周知,电极材料在基于电化学阻抗的传感器的构建中发挥着极其重要的作用,因为细菌生物识别元件的固定化,以及所制备的传感器的灵敏度、经济性和便携性都主要取决于电极材料。因此,为了向新入行的研究人员提供基于不同电极材料制备电化学阻抗传感器清晰的制备过程,我们尝试根据不同的电极平台对基于电化学阻抗技术的传感器进行分类。此外,还讨论了目前的难点、未来的应用方向和前景。我们希望通过本文的综述,能够为刚进入该领域的研究人员开展基于电化学阻抗技术,制备快速、灵敏、准确地检测多种致病菌的传感器研究提供指导。     

柔性自支撑碳基复合电极在过氧化氢的电化学传感中的应用

随着人们对癌症早期诊断和治疗的重视,开发高效可靠的检测方法对细胞内生物活性物质进行原位实时监测意义重大,电化学生物传感系统因灵敏度高、检测速度快、稳定性和选择性好等优点,在H_2O_2检测中展现出重要的应用价值。H_2O_2是一种活性氧,与肿瘤细胞等的生理活动密切相关。开发检测癌症生物标志物H_2O_2的电化学生物传感系统有着巨大的应用前景。本文重点阐述了基于柔性自支撑碳基复合电极的电化学传感器在H_2O_2检测中的研究进展,并介绍了一些传感器在癌细胞检测中的应用。最后展望了其未来发展的机遇和挑战。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.