共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 153 毫秒
1.
2.
采用电化学阻抗谱(EIS)研究了双层结构TiO2薄膜的电子积累和与电解液接触界面的电子转移过程. 通过制备纳米颗粒单层和纳米颗粒/亚微米颗粒双层2种不同微结构的TiO2薄膜电极, 对其电容分布、 局域态密度、 薄膜内部电子传输和固/液界面电子转移过程进行了研究. 分析了纳米颗粒/亚微米颗粒双层结构电极对染料敏化太阳电池(DSC)性能的影响. 结果表明, 一定数量的电子会积累在亚微米颗粒层中引起薄膜电极化学电容的增加. 在纳米颗粒层上端覆盖亚微米颗粒后降低了界面复合电阻, 但对薄膜电极的传输性能影响较小. 因此在筛选和制备DSC散射层材料时除应具有良好的光散射性能外, 还应考虑材料的化学电容和界面转移电阻等因素. 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
采用无水相体系的胶体通过丝网印刷工艺制备TiO2薄膜电极,研究发现曲拉通(TritonX-100)可以明显改变TiO2电极显微结构,且对染料敏化太阳电池的性能影响显著.过少或过多的曲拉通都将导致开路电压、短路电流、填充因子以及效率的降低.由3gP25粉末配制的胶体中,曲拉通适宜的加入量约为0.8mL. 相似文献
8.
合成了两种具有不同共轭链长度的双吸电子基团的三苯胺类染料TPAR3和TPAR6, 研究了它们的光物理与光电化学性质, 并将它们用作TiO2纳米晶电极的光敏化剂引入太阳电池. 结果表明, 与含有乙烯基共轭桥的染料TPAR3相比, 含有丁二烯基共轭桥的染料TPAR6在甲醇溶液和TiO2膜上的最大吸收均发生一定程度的红移和宽化; 但TPAR6表现出比TPAR3差的光电性能, 主要是因为前者更易发生顺反异构化, 电子不能够顺利地从染料激发态注入到TiO2导带中, 光电流的产生得到抑制. 考察了基于TPAR3的太阳电池在电解液中加入不同浓度的硫氰酸胍(GT)对光电性能的影响, 发现在GT浓度为0.100 mol·L-1时效率达到最大(4.02%). 相似文献
9.
10.
采用偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯共聚物[P(VDF-HFP)]胶凝3-甲氧基丙腈基液体电解质, 成功制备了凝胶电解质并组装成准固态染料敏化太阳电池. 差示扫描量热测试结果表明凝胶电解质的溶液-凝胶转变温度(TSG)为71 ℃. 利用电化学方法分析了凝胶电解质中 电对的表观扩散系数及电导率低于液体电解质的原因, 同时结合暗态伏安法考察了电池内部TiO2多孔薄膜电极/电解质界面处的暗反应, 分析了凝胶化对电池光伏性能的影响. 进一步老化实验结果表明凝胶电池的稳定性明显优于液体电池. 相似文献
11.
《Electrochemistry communications》1999,1(2):61-64
The transport of photoinjected electrons in dye sensitised nanocrystalline TiO2 photovoltaic cells has been studied by intensity modulated photocurrent spectroscopy (IMPS). The existence of a dye-free TiO2 region adjacent to the substrate contact in some cells has been inferred from the characteristic shape of the IMPS response associated with delayed transport of photoinjected electrons across the dye-free region. The delay is absent in the case of cells with uniform dye distribution. The IMPS response of a cell with inhomogeneous dye loading was fitted using a simple two-layer model to describe the dye distribution. The results indicate that IMPS is a useful diagnostic tool to detect inhomogeneous dye distributions in nanocrystalline solar cells. 相似文献
12.
13.
采用水辅助化学气相沉积法制备了结晶性好的一维带状SnO2. 分别以小粒径锡粉和金修饰的小粒径锡粉作为反应原料制得带宽度不同的带状SnO2, 小粒径锡粉作为反应原料能提高带状SnO2的产率. 将所得SnO2带和SnO2纳米颗粒按不同比例混合配制成胶体, 采用刮涂法制备含不同比例纳米颗粒和纳米带的复合SnO2薄膜并组装染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSCs)来评价带状SnO2的电子输运性能. 组装的太阳能电池表现出与复合纳晶薄膜中一维SnO2带的带宽度和所含比例密切相关的光电性能. 通过强度调制光电流谱的测量确定复合SnO2薄膜的电子传输速率, 并进一步分析一维材料所具有的良好电子传输性能对光电流增加的贡献. 因为一维SnO2带在复合纳晶薄膜中作为电子输运的快速通道可以加快电子的输运速度, 所以以适宜的比例添加具有合适宽度的一维SnO2带可以明显提高太阳能电池的光电性能. 相似文献
14.
新型有机太阳电池塑料薄膜化的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
染料敏化纳米晶太阳电池被认为是一种能够代替硅太阳电池的新型电池。本文介绍这一有机太阳电池塑料薄膜化的研究进展,重点论述了4种半导体电极的低温成膜方法,即压力法、水热合成法、微波照射法和电泳沉积法;介绍了对电极塑料薄膜化的研究成果并阐述了塑料薄膜太阳电池的开发现状及今后的研究动向。 相似文献
15.
染料敏化太阳电池(DSC)以其低价、高效等优势, 成为学术界和工业界的研究热点. 传统液态电解质由于易挥发、易泄漏等问题, 导致基于液态电解质的电池难以保持长期稳定, 影响光伏技术的应用. 本文合成了N,N'-1,5-戊二基双月桂酰胺, 将其作为有机小分子胶凝剂(LMOG)胶凝离子液体电解质(ILE)制备了离子凝胶电解质(IGE)并组装成准固态电池(QS-DSCs). 差示扫描量热测试显示该凝胶电解质的相转变温度(Tgel)为104.7℃, 具有良好的本征热稳定性.利用循环伏安法、电化学阻抗谱、调制光电压/光电流谱分别研究了液态电池和准固态电池内部电子传输和复合动力学过程. 结果表明, 凝胶电解质的三维网络结构加速了TiO2光阳极/电解质界面电子与电解质中I3-的复合过程, 使电子寿命降低, 导致准固态电池的光电转换效率略低于液态电池. 在AM1.5 (100 mW·cm-2)及50℃条件下的加速老化测试结果显示, 持续老化1000 h后其光电转换效率(η)无衰减,而液态电池的光电转换效率衰减为初始值的86%, 表明准固态电池具有良好的光热稳定性. 相似文献
16.
Halme J 《Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP》2011,13(27):12435-12446
This paper unifies the analytical models used widely but thus far mostly separately for electrical and optical small amplitude perturbation measurements of nanostructured electrochemical dye solar cells (DSC): electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy (IMPS) and intensity-modulated photovoltage spectroscopy (IMVS). The models are linked by expressing the kinetic boundary condition used for solving the time-dependent continuity equation of electrons in IMPS and IMVS analysis in terms of the series and parallel impedance components found in the complete equivalent circuit impedance model of DSC. As a result, analytical expressions are derived for potentiostatic IMPS and galvanostatic IMVS transfer functions of complete DSCs that are applicable at any operating point along the solar cell current-voltage (IV) curve. In agreement with the theory, impedance spectrum calculated as a ratio of IMVS and IMPS transfer functions measured near the maximum power point matches exactly with the impedance spectrum measured directly with EIS. Consequently, both IMPS-IMVS and EIS yield equal estimates for the electron diffusion length. The role of the chemical capacitance of the nanostructured semiconductor photoelectrode in the interpretation of the so-called RC attenuation of the IMPS response is clarified, as well as the capacitive frequency dispersion in IMPS and IMVS. 相似文献
17.
Nonomura K Komatsu D Yoshida T Minoura H Schlettwein D 《Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP》2007,9(15):1843-1849
The influence of the crystal orientation in porous crystalline films of ZnO electrodeposited on the photoelectrochemical characteristics of the films is studied. For differently oriented ZnO thin films following removal of the respective structure-directing agent (SDA) and adsorption of a sensitiser, time-resolved photocurrent measurements, intensity modulated photocurrent spectroscopy (IMPS), intensity modulated photovoltage spectroscopy (IMVS) and current-voltage curves were measured in acetonitrile-based electrolytes containing I(3)(-)/I(-) as the redox electrolyte. The crystal orientation has a significant influence on the charge transport across such films and hence is reflected in the observed electrode kinetics. Films originally grown in the presence of, e.g., Coumarin 343 as a SDA, showed a significantly faster response to illumination. Increased electron diffusion coefficients and diffusion lengths were calculated from the results of IMPS and IMVS, caused by a faster electron movement in the films. Implications of these findings on further improvements of sensitised ZnO films prepared by electrochemical deposition are discussed. 相似文献
18.
金属离子掺杂的TiO2薄膜的制备及其光催化降解甲苯的性能 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了负载于铝板上掺杂金属离子的TiO2薄膜光催化剂,并通过空气中甲苯光催化降解实验评价了其光催化活性. 结果表明,Pt和Fe的掺杂对TiO2薄膜的光催化活性起促进作用,甲苯降解率分别提高了17%和6%; Ag的掺杂引起催化剂失活; Mn的掺杂未对TiO2薄膜的光催化活性起明显促进作用. XRD结果表明,掺杂金属离子前后TiO2均为锐钛矿相; TEM观察到薄膜催化剂微观结构为球形颗粒,粒径分布均匀,平均粒径为19 nm; 紫外漫反射光谱表明,Pt-TiO2薄膜催化剂的反射率几乎为0,表明其对光的吸收能力很强,因而Pt掺杂的TiO2薄膜光催化降解甲苯的活性最高. 相似文献
19.
借助电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和强度调制光电流谱(IMPS)/强度调制光电压谱(IMVS)技术, 采用不同纳米TiO2多孔薄膜对电极研究了染料敏化太阳电池(DSC)内部2个主要电荷输运过程的内在联系, 并探讨了载Pt材料对DSC界面动力学过程及电池宏观性能的影响机理. 借助等效电路模型分析了基于不同对电极材料电池的填充因子变化原因. 结果表明, 对电极材料的电极电荷交换过程制约光阳极膜内电子传输, 进而影响电池光伏性能; 同时对电极催化反应速率主要与催化剂活性、 载Pt材料电导率和催化反应面积有关. 相似文献