二氧化硅-聚硅氧烷负载富勒烯铂配合物的合成及其催化硅氢化性能

富勒烯及其衍生物的催化性能的研究是当前的一个热点,并显示出良好的工业应用前景［１］．研究表明,富勒烯及其衍生物的金属配合物对氢化［２,３］,不对称偶联［４］,烯烃的聚合［５］等都有优异的催化性能．我们也发现Ｃ６０Ｐｔ（ＰＰｈ３）２和Ｃ６０Ｐｔｎ是高效...     

η2-C70[RhCl(CO)(PPh3)2]n配合物的合成和表征

从１９８５年Ｋroto等^[1]发现Ｃ６０等富烯至１９９６年富勒烯发现者获诺贝尔化学奖期间,在化学、物理、材料等领域掀起了富勒烯研究热潮^[2~8],此后,化学工作者致力于富勒烯的化学修饰,探索富勒烯各类衍生物的结构与性能之间的依赖关系,并在此基础上合成出具有独特结构与笥能的富勒烯衍生物,以期望在富勒烯及其衍生物的开发利用方面取得突破性进展。     

C_(60)RuH_2(CO)(PPh_3)配合物的合成和氧化还原性能研究

自从１９８５年Ｋｒｏｔｏ等人１发现Ｃ６０等碳原子簇以来在化学、物理以及材料科学掀起了富勒烯的研究热潮２。目前富勒烯配合物的制备及其性质的研究是富勒烯化学最为活跃的研究领域之一３～５人们正致力于探索富勒烯各类衍生物的结构与性质之间的依赖关系以期合成出具有特殊性能的富勒烯配合物为富勒烯的实际开发应用奠定基础。本文合成表征了Ｃ６０ＲｕＨ２ＣＯＰＰｈ３配合物研究了其氧化还原特性。１实验部分１．１Ｃ６０ＲｕＨ２ＣＯＰＰｈ３的合成合成按下列反应进行ＲｕＣｌ３＋３ＰＰｈ３＋ＨＣＨＯＲｕＨ２ＣＯＰＰｈ３３ＲｕＨ…     

C60[RuHCl（CO）（PPh3）]3配合物的合成和表征

富勒烯配合物的制备及其性质的研究是目前富勒烯化学最为活跃的研究领域之一［１］,人们正致力于探索富勒烯各类衍生物的结构与性质之间的依赖关系,以期合成出具有特殊性能的富勒烯配合物,为富勒烯的实际开发应用奠定基础。本文首次合成Ｃ６０［ＲｕＨＣｌ（ＣＯ）（ＰＰｈ３）］３配合物,采用元素分析、红外光谱、电子光谱进行鉴定和表征,并推测了其结构。１　实验部分１．１　Ｃ６０［ＲｕＨＣｌ（ＣＯ）（ＰＰｈ３）］３的合成合成按下列反应进行：ＲｕＣｌ３＋３ＰＰｈ３＋ＨＣＨＯ→ＲｕＨＣｌ（ＣＯ）（ＰＰｈ３）３ＲｕＨＣｌ（…     

C60接枝聚(N-乙烯基咔唑)的合成、表征及光电导性能

自从Ｃ６０被发现和被制备出来以后,其特殊的结构和独特的物理和化学性质受到各研究领域学者的广泛青睐．聚（Ｎ－乙烯基咔唑）（ＰＶＫ）体系经 Ｃ６０掺杂后光电导性能有很大幅度提高．但掺杂体系不稳定,因而限制了对该类材料的应用．为了克服这种缺点,我们尝试用各种简单的方法把Ｃ６０化学键合到高分子链中,制备具有光电导性能的Ｃ６０高分子衍生物． 最近,唐本忠［１］和 Ｐａｔｉｌ［２］等分别用常规的自由基聚合方法,将Ｃ６０接枝到聚合物分子主链上,我们已研究了不含导电高分子的Ｃ６０共聚物的光电导性能［３］,本文采用…     

分子C_(60)CH_2(C_(2V))气相热力学性质的理论研究

自从富勒烯被发现并能常量制备以来,人们就开始了对Ｃ６０衍生物的研究．Ｃ６０ＣＨ２是Ｃ６０最简单的衍生物之一,Ｃ６０ＣＨ２有２种异构体,根据所属点群的对称性划分一种是属Ｃ２Ｖ群的Ｃ６０ＣＨ２（Ｃ２Ｖ）,另一种是属ＣＳ群的Ｃ６０ＣＨ２（ＣＳ）．文献［１］...     

C60掺杂型导电高分子的研究

本文综述了近年来Ｃ６０掺杂型导电高分子的研究进展。通过实例，结合光谱的研究，阐述了Ｃ６０与被掺杂的导电高分子之间存在３种相互作用方式，在光电导材料和光折射材料等领域，Ｃ６０掺杂型高分子有很好的应用前景。     

树状高分子的功能化进展

介绍了近年来高分子化学领域中十分活跃的树状高分子的研究状况,对目前树状高分子的最新功能化进展进行了评述,着重介绍了具有光活性、电活性、生物活性的树状高分子,以及树状高分子与富勒烯的衍生物。     

面向非富勒烯型有机光伏电池的聚合物给体材料设计

可溶液加工的有机光伏电池(OPV)是一种具有重要应用潜力的新型光伏技术。在OPV技术的发展过程中,富勒烯衍生物作为电子受体材料占据了相当长时间的统治地位,因此聚合物给体材料设计中对如何与富勒烯受体材料相互匹配考虑较多。最近几年来,基于聚合物给体和非富勒烯有机受体的OPV电池,简称为非富勒烯型NF-OPV,得到了十分快速的发展。在此类电池中,聚合物电子给体和非富勒烯型电子受体材料均起到了十分重要的作用。相比于较为经典的富勒烯型OPV,NF-OPV对聚合物给体的光电特性和聚集态结构提出了新的要求。因此,本文针对NF-OPV的特点,重点介绍NF-OPV对聚合物给体材料的吸收光谱、分子能级以及聚集态结构等特征的新要求,总结最近几年来的相关进展,并在此基础上进一步讨论聚合物电子给体材料面临的挑战和展望。     

基于一种新型聚噻吩衍生物为给体的非富勒烯聚合物太阳能电池（英文）

在各种共轭聚合物给体材料中,以聚3-己基噻吩为代表的聚噻吩衍生物因其结构简单、易制备以及良好的空穴传输性能,在富勒烯衍生物为受体材料的聚合物太阳能电池体系中一直是研究重点之一。但是在近年来发展迅速的稠环小分子非富勒烯体系中的相关研究较少。在本工作中,我们通过在噻吩侧链引入烷硫基和氟取代基,设计合成了一种新型的聚噻吩衍生物给体PBSBT-2F;并对其吸收光谱、分子能级、传输性能以及光伏性能进行研究。基于PBSBT-2F:ITIC的聚合物太阳能电池取得6.7%的能量转换效率,其中开路电压为0.75 V,短路电流为13.5 mA·cm~(-2),填充因子为66.6%。结果表明:PBSBT-2F在非富勒烯体系中有很大的应用潜力。     

New soybean oil‐styrene‐divinylbenzene thermosetting copolymers. III. Tensile stress–strain behavior

The tensile stress–strain behavior and fracture properties of some new soybean oil based polymeric materials were investigated at room temperature. These materials were prepared by the cationic copolymerization of regular soybean oil, low saturation soybean oil (LoSatSoy oil), or conjugated LoSatSoy oil with styrene and the diene comonomers divinylbenzene, norbornadiene, or dicyclopentadiene in a process initiated by boron trifluoride diethyl etherate (BF₃ · OEt₂) or related modified initiators. These new polymeric materials exhibited tensile stress–strain behavior ranging from soft rubbers through ductile to relatively brittle plastics. The Young's moduli of these polymers varied from 3 to 615 MPa, the ultimate tensile strengths varied from 0.3 to 21 MPa, and the elongation at break varied from 1.6 to 300%. These properties are obviously related to their crosslink densities. The conjugated LoSatSoy oil polymers had higher mechanical properties than the corresponding LoSatSoy oil and regular soybean oil polymers with the same stoichiometry. Some conjugated LoSatSoy oil polymers with appropriate stoichiometries showed yielding behavior in the tensile test process. A variety of new polymer materials can thus be prepared by varying the stoichiometry, the type of soybean oil, and the crosslinking agent. These soybean oil based polymers possessed mechanical properties comparable to those of commercially available rubbery materials and conventional plastics and thus may serve as replacements in many applications. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 39: 60–77, 2001     

Novel Trends in Ladder Polyheteroarylenes

Development of several fields of modern engineering has generated a need for the preparation of polymeric materials with working temperatures as high as 300°C. The solution of this problem is largely connected with preparation of new thermally stable polymers. As a consequence, beginning in the middle of the fifties, numerous investigations were carried out in order to obtain new thermally stable macromolecular compounds [1]. These investigations resulted in a considerable number of organo-element [1] and aromatic carbo-chain polymers [1] with a complex of valuable properties; but the chemistry of aromatic polymers containing various heterocycles in the main chains of macromolecules, so-called polyheteroarylenes, has received the most development [1].     

From coordination complexes to coordination polymers through self-assembly

Metal ion coordination in metallo-supramolecular assemblies offers the opportunity to fabricate and study devices and materials that are equally important for fundamental research and new technologies. Metal ions embedded in a specific ligand field offer diverse thermodynamic, kinetic, chemical, physical and structural properties that make these systems promising candidates for active components in functional materials. In particular, dynamic coordination polymers offer exciting opportunities to provide materials with responsive properties. In addition, this approach allows to incorporate the well known properties of metal complexes in polymeric architectures. This review highlights the improvements and the possible applications based on metallo-supramolecular systems with an emphasis on materials science. Examples for new materials such as molecular magnets, coordination polymers as carrier package as well as molecular electronics are featured in this article.     

Polymeric fullerene hydrides. Birch reduction of [60] fullerene polymers from solution-based photopolymerization and free radical polymerization reactions

Fullerene polymers represent a new class of carbon materials for potential hydrogen storage applications. Poly[60]fullerene polymers were obtained by covalently linking [60]fullerene molecules in photochemical reactions. [60]Fullerene polymers were also prepared in free radical reactions of [60]fullerene with radical initiator benzoyl peroxide. The polymeric [60]fullerene materials were hydrogenated under Birch reduction conditions. The hydrides, which contain ≈3.5% (wt/wt) of hydrogen, were characterized by use of gel permeation chromatography, NMR, FT-IR, and elemental analysis. The results are compared with those of monomeric [60]fullerene hydrides.     

Hyperbranched polymers and their use in the technology of paint-and-varnish materials and coatings (A review)

The main approaches to “assembling” of dendritic polymers of various architectures are considered. Types of dendritic polymers are generalized, and the main criteria for evaluating their topology, physicochemical properties, and application fields are outlined. The possibility of using commercially produced hyperbranched polymers for modification of the operation properties of polymeric materials is demonstrated. Particular attention is paid to the use of hyperbranched polymers as precursors for preparing modifiers of the surface properties of polymeric coatings.     

Improvement of Fibre-Matrix-Adhesion of Natural Fibres by Chemical Treatment

Plastics, also called synthetic polymers, are playing an important role in daily living. To raise more applications it is necessary to modify known polymeric systems to reach improved materials/material systems. A possibility to create new optimised materials out of neat polymers is offered by compounding them with different filling material. Besides chemical modification of polymers, mixing, combining or use of different fillers, one possibility is given by the composite technique, whereas the combination of the polymeric matrix and the embedded reinforcement (e.g. fibre) are yielding in optimised materials adjusted to the required properties. Concerning the polymeric matrix, either thermoplastic or thermoset material can be used. In case of the reinforcement, either synthetic (carbon-, glass- or polymeric fibres) or natural fibres are introduced to composites. To obtain an appropriate adhesion of the matrix to the reinforcement system, synthetic fibres are equipped with an avivage. For natural fibres, there are no such materials available and the hydrophilic property of this system surface prevents an adhesion to hydrophobic polymers, as well as to sizings. In this paper, ways are shown to modify the natural fibres via chemical treatment to yield higher physical properties at better adhesion. Also we will explain activities on the use of natural fibres as reaction systems and processing tools as well as the attempt to isolate the different compounds of the neat fibre via selective work-up.     

Guanidine-Containing Organomineral Complexes as Biocide Additives to Polymeric Composites

Obtaining and using polymeric composite materials with biocide properties is of considerable practical interest both for making construction materials stable against biological corrosion and for improving the sanitary-epidemiological situation. The method suggested for obtaining biocide polymeric composites is based on using new guanine-containing polymers immobilized on montmorillonite as biocide additives. Macromolecular compounds based on guanidine polymers are characterized by high biocide efficiency and low toxicity, and their use as organomineral complexes with montmorillonite can rule out washing-out of the additive from the composite and improve the distribution of the additive in the composite. Methods are suggested for obtaining organomineral complexes in a wide range of compositions. It is shown that composites based on polyethylene and the additives have high biocide efficiency toward micromycetes and gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.     

Facile Synthesis of Supramolecular Ionic Polymers That Combine Unique Rheological,Ionic Conductivity,and Self‐Healing Properties

A new family of supramolecular ionic polymers is synthesized by a simple method using (di‐/tri‐)carboxylic acids and (di‐/tri‐)alkyl amines. These polymers are formed by carboxylate and ammonium molecules that are weakly bonded together by a combination of ionic and hydrogen bonds, becoming solid at room temperature. The supramolecular ionic polymers show a sharp rheological transition from a viscoelastic gel to a viscous liquid between 30 and 80 °C. This sharp viscosity decrease is responsible for an unprecedented jump in ionic conductivity of four orders of magnitude in that temperature range. As a potential application, this chemistry can be used to develop polymeric materials with self‐healing properties, since it combines properties from supramolecular polymers and ionomers into the same material.     

New carbazole-containing polyphenylquinoxalines: Synthesis,photophysical, and electroluminescent properties

New carbazole-containing polyphenylquinoxalines combining the electron-transport behavior of quinoxaline with hole-transport and electroluminescent properties of carbazole have been synthesized. The polymers show solubility in organic solvents. Their glass transition temperatures range from 315 to 370°C, and temperatures corresponding to 10% weight loss vary from 510 to 560°C (in air). It has been demonstrated that these polymers exhibit electroluminescent behavior in the 450–750 nm spectral region and offer promise as emitting and electron-hole transport materials for polymeric light-emitting diodes.     

The Potential of Microencapsulated Self-healing Materials for Microcracks Recovery in Self-healing Composite Systems: A Review

The autonomic self-healing materials based on microcapsules have made major advancements for the repairing of microcracks in polymers and polymer composite systems. Self-healing encapsulated materials have the inborn ability to heal polymeric composites after being damaged by chemical and mechanical progressions. These intelligent micro-encapsulated self-healing materials possess great capabilities for recovering the mechanical as well aesthetic properties and barrier properties of the polymeric structures. Based on real world observations and experimental data, it is believed that microcracks and microcracking in polymeric materials can result because of many chemical and physical routes and is one of the foremost critical issues for polymeric materials. Especially in polymeric coatings, these microcracks can lead towards disastrous failure, and conventional healing systems like patching and welding cannot be used to repair microcracks at such a micro-level. Self-healing materials, especially, capsule based self-healing materials is a new field sought as an alternative to the conventional repairing techniques, requiring no manual intrusion and uncovering. This review covers the basic and major aspects of the microencapsulated self-healing approach like the effect of synthesis parameters on the size of microcapsules, healing efficiency determination, and the potential of the existing developed microencapsulated agents.