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高分子生物材料分子工程研究进展(上) 总被引:35,自引:0,他引:35
分子工程研究是生物材料发展的根本途径和必由之路。本文论述了近40多年来高分子材料分子工程的研究主要进展,其中包括材料的抗凝血性、的组织相容性、材料表面的生物功能化和生物智能化、体内稳定高分子、体内可吸收高分子以及药物的控制释放。 相似文献
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冠脉介入支架治疗技术发展至今已有30余年,从裸金属支架发展到药物洗脱支架乃至今天新兴的生物可吸收支架,不断的推动着冠心病介入治疗向前进步。生物可吸收支架的理念是治疗后无异物留体内。总的来讲,支架开通并保持狭窄或堵塞血管畅通的使命在血管修复后即完成,此后最理想的状态便是支架也随之消失。生物可吸收高分子支架(Bioresorbable Polymeric Scaffold,BRPS)由于使用的材料不仅可以人为地设计和改性,而且是药物的良好载体,因此成为该领域研究的热点。本文从材料、结构设计、加工工艺等方面介绍了BRPS的研究进展,重点讨论了激光切割和3D打印制备BRPS的两种方法,以及BRPS的降解性能及要求,最后对BRPS面临的挑战及发展方向做了展望。 相似文献
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聚乳酸眼科植入材料的制备及其降解性能 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
聚乳酸眼科植入材料的制备及其降解性能卓仁禧*尹超吴颖楠祝磊曾水清(武汉大学化学系武汉430072)(同济医科大学附属协和医院武汉)关键词聚乳酸,制备,生物可降解性,眼科植入材料1996-08-18收稿,1997-01-17修回国家自然科学基金资助项目... 相似文献
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聚氨基酸类高分子材料因其良好的生物相容性、生物可吸收性及化学结构匹配性,在生物医用高分子领域有着无法比拟的优点和广泛的应用前景。特别是聚天冬氨酸,具有良好的生物相容性、生物降解性和可吸收性,合成方法简单,成本较低,易于功能化修饰等诸多优点。且在体内能够被逐渐吸收代谢,其代谢产物对人体无毒,不会对周围组织、肝肾、血红细胞等产生毒副作用。因此聚天冬氨酸及其衍生物,被广泛用于药物载体、组织工程等生物医药领域相关材料的制备研究。本文综述了近几年来聚天冬氨酸在生物医用高分子领域内的应用,重点介绍了聚(α,β-L-天冬氨酸)衍生物的设计合成及其生物医学性能。 相似文献
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近年来,生物降解材料受到了越来越广泛的关注.聚对二氧环己酮(PPDO)具有优异的生物相容性、生物可吸收性、生物降解性和良好的柔韧性,目前已被成功地应用于医用材料领域.而在环境材料如薄膜、板材、发泡材料等领域也具有广泛的应用前景.PPDO作为一种新材料,虽然早在20世纪70年代就已经合成出来, 相似文献
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可吸收引导组织再生膜* 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
引导组织再生膜(guided tissue regeneration membrane, GTRM)由于能使组织修复再生能力得到最大程度的发挥而广泛应用于各种软硬组织的修复与再生研究及临床医学中。GTRM分为不可吸收与可吸收GTRM,与不可吸收GTRM相比,由于可吸收GTRM越来越多的优点而备受关注。本文阐述了几种常见的可吸收GTRM材料(以胶原为代表的天然生物材料,以聚酯为代表的合成高分子材料和以羟基磷灰石为代表的可降解无机物材料)及其可吸收GTRM在骨缺损、创伤敷料以及防黏连等领域中的主要应用进展,重点综述了可吸收GTRM的主要制备方法--静电纺丝、溶剂浇铸、相转化及其优缺点。 相似文献
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有机光伏材料与器件研究的新进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
近几年有机光伏电池应用研究发展迅猛。本文综述了有机光伏薄膜电池在材料(包括有机小分子材料与聚合物材料)、器件构造方面的最新进展,分析了有机聚合物光伏电池目前效率低的主要原因,并探讨了该领域进一步研究的方向和前景。 相似文献
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B. Bonelli M. C. Bruzzoniti E. Garrone E. Mentasti B. Onida C. Sarzanini V. Serafino E. Tarasco 《Chromatographia》2002,56(1):S189-S191
Summary Mesoporous silica-based materials have been synthesized and studied for applications in the environmental field. Haloacetic
acids have been chosen as test compounds since they are byproducts of disinfection processes of water for human consumption.
For this purpose mesoporous materials have been synthesized in acid, basic or neutral conditions. The effect of composition
and synthesis conditions of mesoporous materials on their retention properties have been studied. The retention mechanism
has also been elucidated in term of electrostatic interactions and as a function of the residual surfactant content in the
materials.
Presented at Balaton Symposium '01 on High-Performance Separation Methods, Siófok, Hungary, September 2–4, 2001 相似文献
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无机多孔材料因其具有特殊的物化性能在化工、能源、环保等相关领域被广泛应用。本文总结了无机多孔材料的当前研究进展,详细介绍了微孔、介孔、大孔材料和大孔-介孔、大孔-微孔、介孔-微孔以及大孔-介孔-微孔等复合孔材料的制备方法,并介绍了无机多孔材料在室内、外等环保催化领域的应用,特别介绍了多孔材料对于消除移动源污染的应用。最后,对当前无机多孔材料在制备方面存在的问题进行了总结,并对今后无机多孔材料的制备方法和研究方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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高镍三元正极材料由于高容量和高工作电压被认为是下一代锂离子电池有力的候选者,然而循环稳定性和热稳定性不佳限制了其广泛应用. 镍钴锰/铝三元浓度梯度正极材料的梯度设计可以在保证高容量的同时兼具优良的循环稳定性,因而在过去十年中得到了广泛研究. 本文综述了锂离子电池镍钴锰/铝三元浓度梯度材料最新的研究进展,论文首先总结了梯度材料的不同合成方法,并阐述了核壳浓度梯度材料和全浓度梯度材料的研究方向. 其次,介绍了浓度梯度材料的结构表征手段并揭示性能改善的原因. 最后讨论了目前该材料产业化的难点,并提出了可能的解决方案. 相似文献
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《Chemical record (New York, N.Y.)》2018,18(2):118-136
The frequent occurrence of water pollution accidents and the leakage of organic pollutants have caused severe environmental and ecological crisis. It is thus highly imperative to find efficient materials to solve the problem. Inspired by the lotus leaf, superwetting materials are receiving increasing attention in the field of removal of organic pollutants from water. Various superwetting materials have been successfully generated and integrated into devices for removal of organic pollutants from water. On the basis of our previous work in the field, we summarized in this account the progress of removal of (1) floating and underwater insoluble, (2) emulsified insoluble, and (3) both insoluble and soluble organic pollutants from water using superwetting materials including superhydrophobic & superoleophilic materials, superhydrophilic & underwater superoleophobic materials, and materials with controllable wettability. The superwetting materials are in the forms of 2D porous materials, 3D porous materials and particles, etc. Finally, the current state and future challenges in this field are discussed. We hope this account could shed light on the design of novel superwetting materials for efficient removal of organic pollutants from water. 相似文献
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Four-coordinate organoboron compounds with a π-conjugated chelate backbone have emerged recently as highly attractive materials for a number of applications including use as emitters and electron-transport materials for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) or organic field transistors, photoresponsive materials, and sensory and imaging materials. Many applications of this class of boron compounds stem from the electronic properties of the π-conjugated chelate backbone. Charge-transfer transitions from an aromatic substituent attached to the boron center of the π-conjugated chelate backbone and steric congestion have also been found to play important roles in the luminescent and photochromic properties of the four-coordinate boron compounds. This article provides an update-to-date account on the application aspects of this important class of compounds in materials science with the emphasis on OLED applications and photochromic switching. 相似文献
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Prof. Wenchao Zhang Rui Huang Prof. Xu Yan Prof. Chen Tian Prof. Ying Xiao Prof. Zhang Lin Prof. Liming Dai Prof. Zaiping Guo Prof. Liyuan Chai 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2023,62(43):e202308891
Tremendous progress has been made in the field of electrochemical energy storage devices that rely on potassium-ions as charge carriers due to their abundant resources and excellent ion transport properties. Nevertheless, future practical developments not only count on advanced electrode materials with superior electrochemical performance, but also on competitive costs of electrodes for scalable production. In the past few decades, advanced carbon materials have attracted great interest due to their low cost, high selectivity, and structural suitability and have been widely investigated as functional materials for potassium-ion storage. This article provides an up-to-date overview of this rapidly developing field, focusing on recent advanced and mechanistic understanding of carbon-based electrode materials for potassium-ion batteries. In addition, we also discuss recent achievements of dual-ion batteries and conversion-type K−X (X=O2, CO2, S, Se, I2) batteries towards potential practical applications as high-voltage and high-power devices, and summarize carbon-based materials as the host for K-metal protection and possible directions for the development of potassium energy-related devices as well. Based on this, we bridge the gaps between various carbon-based functional materials structure and the related potassium-ion storage performance, especially provide guidance on carbon material design principles for next-generation potassium-ion storage devices. 相似文献
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Sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) have attracted much attention for application in large‐scale grid energy storage owing to the abundance and low cost of sodium sources. However, low energy density and poor cycling life hinder practical application of SIBs. Recently, substantial efforts have been made to develop electrode materials to push forward large‐scale practical applications. Carbon materials can be directly used as anode materials, and they show excellent sodium storage performance. Additionally, designing and constructing carbon hybrid materials is an effective strategy to obtain high‐performance anodes for SIBs. In this review, we summarize recent research progress on carbon and carbon hybrid materials as anodes for SIBs. Nanostructural design to enhance the sodium storage performance of anode materials is discussed, and we offer some insight into the potential directions of and future high‐performance anode materials for SIBs. 相似文献
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可穿戴设备的兴起使得对柔性器件的需求日益提高,柔性导电材料作为可穿戴器件的重要组成部分而成为研究的热点。传统的电极材料主要是金属,因金属材料本身不具有柔性,一般通过降低金属层厚度以及设计波纹结构等策略实现其在柔性器件中的应用,其加工程序复杂,成本较高。以碳纳米管和石墨烯为代表的纳米碳材料兼具良好的柔性和优异的导电性,且具有化学稳定、热稳定、光学透明性等优点,在柔性导电材料领域展现了极大的应用潜力。本文简要综述了近年来纳米碳材料在柔性导电材料领域的研究进展,首先介绍了碳纳米管基柔性导电材料,分别包括基于碳纳米管水平阵列、碳纳米管垂直阵列、碳纳米管薄膜、碳纳米管纤维的柔性导电材料;继而介绍了石墨烯基柔性导电材料,包括基于剥离法制备的石墨烯和化学气相沉积法制备的石墨烯以及石墨烯纤维基柔性导电材料;并简述了碳纳米管/石墨烯复合柔性导电材料;最后论述了纳米碳材料基柔性导电材料所面临的挑战并展望了其未来发展方向。 相似文献