作者文摘的编写

文摘是以提供文献内容梗概为目的、不加评论和补充解释,简要明确地记叙文献重要内容的独立短文。其基本要素包括研究的目的、方法、结果、结论,具有独立性和自明性。①目的——研究、研制、调查等的前提、目的和任务所涉及的主题范围。②方法——所用的原理、理论、条件、对象、材料、工艺、结构、手段、装备、程序等。③结果——实验的、研究的结果、数据,被确定的关系,观察结果,得到的效果,性能等。④结论——结果的分析、研究、比较、评价、应用,提出的问题,今后的课题,假设,启发,建议,预测等。     

《分析测试学报》2013年征订启事

《分析测试学报》是由中国广州分析测试中心、中国分析测试协会共同主办的全国性学术刊物,中文核心期刊。刊登质谱学、光谱学、色谱学、波谱学、电化学、电子显微学等方面的分析测试新理论、新方法、新技术的研究成果,介绍新仪器装置及在生物、医药、化学化工、商检、食品检验等方面实用性强的实验技术。适合科研院所、高等院校、检测机构、医药、卫生以及厂矿企业分析测试工作和管理人员阅读。     

回忆《光学学报》的创刊过程

1978年9月初在长春召开了国家科委光学及应用光学学科组会议,到会的国内知名科学家有钱临照、王大珩、苏韦、陈杏蒲、高兆兰、洪晶、张志三、胡南琦、唐九华、于家本、梅遂生、林钧挺、贾循德、吴国安、王之江、邓锡铭、干福熹、匡定波、林祥棣、龚知本、刘树杞、马林、李小琼等,王大珩是学科组组长,我是学科组秘书.在这次会议上提出了成...     

ICP-AES测定多目标水地球化学普查样品中的14种微量元素

采用IRIS Intrepid Ⅱ SXP ICP光谱仪,对地球化学普查水样中Ba、Be、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Fe、Mn、Mo、Ni、P、Pb、Sr和Zn等元素的测量条件进行了探讨,优化了实验条件,进行了大批量实际样品的测定.方法简便,快速.检出限、精密度和准确度均符合质量管理的要求.     

《光散射学报》征稿简则

<正>《光散射学报》是中国物理学会光散射专业委员会、四川省物理学会和四川大学联合主办的专业性学术刊物,宗旨是交流光散射(拉曼散射、布里渊散射、瑞利散射)、光物理、光化学、光牛物等学科在理论、实验、实验技术和仪器方面的研究成果,以及它们在物理、化学、材料科学、生物学、地矿学、石油化工、医药学等方面的应用成果,为科学发展和技术进步提供讨论、交流场所。1.开设栏目     

《中国光学》投稿须知

1征稿范围本刊征集反映国内外光学、光电子学、光学技术应用的最新科学理论、研究成果、前沿技术和发展动态的原创性论文、技术报告、阶段性研究报告和综合评述等。2稿件要求来稿应信息准确、论点鲜明、实验数据可靠、条理清晰、文字精     

《发光学报》征稿内容

正《发光学报》是中国物理学会发光分会、中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所主办的,以发光学、凝聚态物质中的激发态过程为专业方向的综合性学术刊物。本刊适用于凝聚态物理、光学材料合成、环境保护、化学化工、国防、医药等领域的科学研究单位、高等院校、制造厂家、从事发光学与光学材料开发的研究人员、高校有关专业的师生等。刊登的主要学术内容包括:1.无机、有机和生物材料的光致发光、电致发光和阴极射线发光及其应用;     

《发光学报》征稿内容

《发光学报》是中国物理学会发光分会、中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所主办的,以发光学、凝聚态物质中的激发态过程为专业方向的综合性学术刊物。本刊适用于凝聚态物理、光学材料合成、环境保护、化学化工、国防、医药等领域的科学研究单位、高等院校、制造厂家、从事发光学与光学材料开发的研究人员、高校有关专业的师生等。刊登的主要学术内容包括:     

《发光学报》征稿内容

《发光学报》是中国物理学会发光分会、中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所主办的,以发光学、凝聚态物质中的激发态过程为专业方向的综合性学术刊物。本刊适用于凝聚态物理、光学材料合成、环境保护、化学化工、国防、医药等领域的科学研究单位、高等院校、制造厂家、从事发光学与光学材料开发的研究人员、高校有关专业的师生等。刊登的主要学术内容包括:     

基于光谱和成像技术的果蔬质量检测研究进展

为保证食品安全和消费者健康,无损检测技术广泛应用于果蔬质量检测中。光谱和图像技术可分别获取果蔬的内部和外部信息,成为质量检测的有效工具。为跟踪国内外研究进展并分析研究现况,从果蔬外部品质(尺寸、形状、表面缺陷、颜色、纹理等)、内部品质(内部缺陷、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、水分、类胡萝卜素等单一品质及综合品质)、成熟度、货架期/贮藏期、产品溯源、生长监测、安全(农药残留、病虫和细菌侵染、转基因产品等)检测及光学系统设计等方面综述了光谱和成像技术的应用,分析了存在的图谱库不完善、解混处理算法复杂、高精度和便携式的光学系统开发力度不够、校正模型的影响因素复杂等问题。然后,归纳了发展趋势,指出了各组分可视化分析及交互作用机理解析、光与果蔬组织的交互作用机理分析和光学特性参数反演等光学特性分析、科学合理的综合评价体系的建立、新算法的应用和多种算法的联合使用、不同算法的可靠性和稳定性的提高、稳定和普适模型的建立、低成本和便携式等光学分析仪器的商品化开发和商业化应用等成为进一步探索的方向,为基于光谱和成像技术的果蔬质量检测发展提供了参考。     

Modifications to functional and biological properties of proteins of cowpea pulse crop by ultrasound-assisted extraction

Natural resource depletion, negative environmental effects and the challenge to secure global food security led to the establishment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In need to explore underutilized sustainable protein sources, this study aims at isolating protein from cowpea by ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), where the techno-functional characteristics of the protein isolates were studied at different sonication conditions i.e., 100 W and 200 W at processing times ranging from 5 to 20 min. The US at 200 W-10 min produced the optimal results for all properties. In this process combination, there was an increase in protein yield, solubility, water-holding capacity, foaming capacity and stability, emulsion activity and stability, zeta-potential, and in-vitro protein digestibility from 31.78% to 58.96%, 57.26% to 68.85%, 3.06 g/g to 3.68 g/g 70.64% to 83.74%, 30.76% to 60.01%, 47.48% to 64.26%, 56.59% to 87.71%, –32.9 mV to −44.2 mV and 88.27% to 89.99%, respectively and particle size dropped from 763 nm to 559 nm in comparison to control. The microstructure and secondary-structure alterations of proteins caused by sonication were validated by SEM images, SDS-PAGE, and FTIR analyses. Sonication leads to acoustic cavitation and penetrate the cell walls, improving extraction from the solid to liquid phase. After sonication, the hydrophobic protein groups were exposed and proteins were partially denatured which increased its functionality. The findings demonstrated that UAE of cowpea protein improved yield, modify characteristics to fit the needs of the food industry, and contribute to achieving SDGs 2, 3, 7, 12, and 13.     

AC losses dependence on a CuNi layer location in NbTi CICC

In the frame of the ITER fusion program, large Cable In Conduit Cables (CICC) made with NbTi superconductors are foreseen for the poloidal field system. These coils are pulsed and so subjected to fast variations in magnetic field. Superconductors have then to be designed in order to reduce AC losses to an acceptable level. A solution could be to insert a copper nickel resistive barrier in the copper stabilizer surrounding the filamentary area of the composite. The purpose of this barrier is to reduce interstrand coupling currents. In order to predict the effect of this barrier on AC losses, a modeling of a 36 strands CICC has been realized. According to this code, the ability of the resistive barrier to reduce coupling currents is dependent on its location. For this study, three CICC with three barrier locations, from the inner to the outer diameter of the copper crown stabilizer, have been produced. AC losses have been measured and compared to our numerical model.     

基于MEMS技术的多媒体空中鼠标

本文采用MEMS加速度传感技术,触控技术以及无线射频的多功能鼠标的电路设计方案,首先系统通过三轴陀螺仪和三轴加速度计的数据进行实时采集,将采集到的数据传送给STM32微控制器,用于计算鼠标的位移、角度、角速度等参数,并利用无线模块将数据发送到接收端,再通过USB协议发送到电脑端。针对现有空中无线鼠标通信距离、电池供电等问题的限制,本文采用通信距离更长的2.4GHZ无线电波,可循环充电利用的锂电池替代传统电池供电,并且利用USB设备通信,在接收端将大容量存储设备与鼠标设备整合复用,可实现二者之间的任意切换,提高了该鼠标系统适应实际应用环境的能力。     

Exploitation of the Fiber Capacity in Optical Networks Using Time, Frequency, and Space Division Multiple Accesses

In this work we investigate how to obtain very high capacity transmissions in optical networks taking into account the limitations due to the physical channel. We consider both the case in which all the users are connected by a star coupler and the case in which the users are directly connected by the network topology. As a reference, we consider a ring network and a Shuffle Multihop Network (SMN). The use of optical systems to implement high-capacity networks is numerically investi gated by means of numerical simulations taking into consideration the channel limitations due to the chromatic dispersion, the Kerr effect, and the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise of the optical amplifiers. In our model, we consider that the signal, during the routing process that is performed at the user position, undergoes only an attenuation. We suppose the use of intensity modulated signals and receivers with direct detection. Packet switching and digital transmission are assumed with soliton and conventional nonreturn to zero signals. Both wave length and time division multiple accesses are considered. The results show that, in the case of the Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) technique, the use of a star coupler to connect the users reduces the capacity of a network with respect to the case in which a direct connection of the users is used. This is due to the strong power fluctuations that are present during the signal propagation and to the large quantity of accumulated ASE noise. On the other hand, the use of a star coupler shows the advantage to being easily reconfigurable. The Wavelength Divison Multiple Access (WDMA) technique permits us to achieve higher capacities with respect to the TDMA. This is due to the fact that in the propagation conditions, due to the presence of a star coupler, high bit rate signals are strongly degraded. On the other hand, several low bit rate signals operating at different wavelengths can propagate with a low power level, avoiding strong degradation due to the Four Wave Mixing (FWM) effect. Among the topologies considered in this work, the SMN is the one that generally permits us to reach the highest throughput because in the SMN the signal hops in a limited number of Network Interface Units (NIUs) before reaching the final destination.     

Stokes integral of economic growth: Calculus and the Solow model

Economic growth depends on capital and labor and two-dimensional calculus has been applied to economic theory. This leads to Riemann and Stokes integrals and to the first and second laws of production and growth. The mathematical structure is the same as in thermodynamics, economic properties may be related to physical terms: capital to energy, production to physical work, GDP per capita to temperature, production function to entropy. This is called econophysics. Production, trade and banking may be compared to motors, heat pumps or refrigerators. The Carnot process of the first law creates two levels in each system: cold and hot in physics; buyer and seller, investor and saver, rich and poor in economics. The efficiency rises with the income difference of rich and poor. The results of econophysics are compared to neoclassical theory.     

Data mining techniques for scientific computing: Application to asymptotic paraxial approximations to model ultrarelativistic particles

We propose a new approach that consists in using data mining techniques for scientific computing. Indeed, data mining has proved to be efficient in other contexts which deal with huge data like in biology, medicine, marketing, advertising and communications. Our aim, here, is to deal with the important problem of the exploitation of the results produced by any numerical method. Indeed, more and more data are created today by numerical simulations. Thus, it seems necessary to look at efficient tools to analyze them. In this work, we focus our presentation to a test case dedicated to an asymptotic paraxial approximation to model ultrarelativistic particles. Our method directly deals with numerical results of simulations and try to understand what each order of the asymptotic expansion brings to the simulation results over what could be obtained by other lower-order or less accurate means. This new heuristic approach offers new potential applications to treat numerical solutions to mathematical models.     

Scalar and pseudoscalar Higgs production in association with a top-antitop pair

We present the calculation of scalar and pseudoscalar Higgs production in association with a top-antitop pair to the next-to-leading order (NLO) accuracy in QCD, interfaced with parton showers according to the MC@NLO formalism. We apply our results to the cases of light and very light Higgs boson production at the LHC, giving results for total rates as well as for sample differential distributions, relevant to the Higgs, to the top quarks, and to their decay products. This work constitutes the first phenomenological application of aMC@NLO, a fully automated approach to complete event generation at NLO in QCD.     

A model for the evaluation of systemic risk in stock markets

Systemic risk refers to the possibility of a collapse of an entire financial system or market, differing from the risk associated with any particular individual or a group pertaining to the system, which may include banks, government, brokers, and creditors. After the 2008 financial crisis, a significant amount of effort has been directed to the study of systemic risk and its consequences around the world. Although it is very difficult to predict when people begin to lose confidence in a financial system, it is possible to model the relationships among the stock markets of different countries and perform a Monte Carlo-type analysis to study the contagion effect. Because some larger and stronger markets influence smaller ones, a model inspired by a catalytic chemical model is proposed. In chemical reactions, reagents with higher concentrations tend to favor their conversion to products. In order to modulate the conversion process, catalyzers may be used. In this work, a mathematical modeling is proposed with bases on the catalytic chemical reaction model. More specifically, the Hang Seng and Dow Jones indices are assumed to dominate Ibovespa (the Brazilian Stock Market index), such that the indices of strong markets are taken as being analogous to the concentrations of the reagents and the indices of smaller markets as concentrations of products. The role of the catalyst is to model the degree of influence of one index on another. The actual data used to fit the model parameter consisted of the Hang Seng index, Dow Jones index, and Ibovespa, since 1993. “What if” analyses were carried out considering some intervention policies.     

Inactivation of the enveloped virus phi6 with hydrodynamic cavitation

The COVID −19 pandemic reminded us that we need better contingency plans to prevent the spread of infectious agents and the occurrence of epidemics or pandemics. Although the transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 in water has not been confirmed, there are studies that have reported on the presence of infectious coronaviruses in water and wastewater samples. Since standard water treatments are not designed to eliminate viruses, it is of utmost importance to explore advanced treatment processes that can improve water treatment and help inactivate viruses when needed. This is the first study to investigate the effects of hydrodynamic cavitation on the inactivation of bacteriophage phi6, an enveloped virus used as a SARS-CoV-2 surrogate in many studies. In two series of experiments with increasing and constant sample temperature, virus reduction of up to 6.3 logs was achieved. Inactivation of phi6 at temperatures of 10 and 20 °C occurs predominantly by the mechanical effect of cavitation and results in a reduction of up to 4.5 logs. At 30 °C, the reduction increases to up to 6 logs, where the temperature-induced increased susceptibility of the viral lipid envelope makes the virus more prone to inactivation. Furthermore, the control experiments without cavitation showed that the increased temperature alone is not sufficient to cause inactivation, but that additional mechanical stress is still required. The RNA degradation results confirmed that virus inactivation was due to the disrupted lipid bilayer and not to RNA damage. Hydrodynamic cavitation, therefore, has the potential to inactivate current and potentially emerging enveloped pathogenic viruses in water at lower, environmentally relevant temperatures.     

The complexity and robustness of metro networks

Transportation systems, being real-life examples of networks, are particularly interesting to analyze from the viewpoint of the new and rapidly emerging field of network science. Two particular concepts seem to be particularly relevant: scale-free patterns and small-worlds. By looking at 33 metro systems in the world, this paper adapts network science methodologies to the transportation literature, and offers one application to the robustness of metros; here, metro refers to urban rail transit with exclusive right-of-way, whether it is underground, at grade or elevated. We find that most metros are indeed scale-free (with scaling factors ranging from 2.10 to 5.52) and small-worlds; they show atypical behaviors, however, with increasing size. In particular, the presence of transfer-hubs (stations hosting more than three lines) results in relatively large scaling factors. The analysis provides insights/recommendations for increasing the robustness of metro networks. Smaller networks should focus on creating transfer stations, thus generating cycles to offer alternative routes. For larger networks, few stations seem to detain a certain monopole on transferring, it is therefore important to create additional transfers, possibly at the periphery of city centers; the Tokyo system seems to remarkably incorporate these properties.