Mass Spectral Study of Tauotomerism in Some Schiff Bases

Mass spectra of a series of substituted salicylaldehyde and 2-hydroxy-naphthaldehyde Schiff bases were used to investigate enol-keto tautoraeric equilibrium. Two model compounds, namely, salicylidinaniline and naphthylidinequinolineamine Schiff bases were used to represent the enol and keto forms, respectively. Mass spectral measurements reveal the fragmentation pattern in all compounds studied. Only naphthylidinequinoline amine Schiff base show a different fragmentation pattern compared to the other Schiff bases in the series which give an evidence for its suggested keto structure.     

Tautomerism in Chlorinated O-Hydroxyschiff Bases: Effect of Chlorine Atom Substitution

The UV spectra of some chlorinated o-hydroxyschiff bases were studied in different solvents. It was found that schiff bases derived from condensation of 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde or 5-chloro-2-hydroxy benzaldehyde with substituted aniline exist as enol form, whereas schiff bases derived from the condensation of 3,5-dichloro-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde with substituted aniline exist as enol form, whereas schiff bases derived from the condensation of 3,5-dichloro-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde with aniline exist as keto form especially in dimethyl sulfoxide. The ratio of enol/keto isomers were calculated for these schiff bases.     

Synthesis and Spectroscopic Studies of Some New Polyether Ligands of the Schiff Base Type

Abstract

New polyether ligands of Schiff base type (3–13) were synthesized from the reaction of diethylene glycol bis(2‐aminophenyl)ether and triethylene glycol bis(2‐aminophenyl)ether with salicylaldehyde, 5‐methoxysalicylaldehyde, 5‐bromosalicylaldehyde, 5‐nitro salicylaldehyde, and 2‐hydroxy‐1‐naphthaldehyde. The products were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, ¹H, ¹³C NMR, and UV‐VIS techniques. The UV‐VIS spectra of those Schiff bases with an OH group in the ortho position to the imino group were studied in polar and nonpolar solvents in acidic and basic media. The compounds are in tautomeric equilibrium (enol‐imine, O–H · N?keto‐amine, O · H–N forms) in solvents, acidic chloroform, and benzene solutions and basic DMSO, chloroform, and benzene solutions. These tautomers were not observed in polar and non‐polar solvents and in basic solutions of DMSO, chloroform, and benzene for the Schiff bases 5–10. Tautomer proportions, which were obtained from ¹H NMR and UV‐VIS data in DMSO, were compared for compounds 3, 4, 11, and 12.     

Molecular structure,spectroscopic (FT-IR and UV-Vis) and DFT quantum-chemical studies on 2-[(2,4-Dimethylphenyl)iminomethyl]-6-methylphenol

Density functional calculations of the structure, vibrational spectra, molecular electrostatic potential and thermodynamic functions have been performed at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory for the Schiff base compound 2-[(2,4-Dimethylphenyl)iminomethyl]-6-methylphenol. Experimental and theoretical Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) studies of the title compound show the preference of enol form, as supported by X-ray analysis results. Using the time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) method, electronic absorption spectra of the compound have been predicted and a good agreement is determined with the experimental ones. To investigate the tautomeric stability, optimisation calculations at B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level were performed for the enol and keto forms of the title compound. Calculated results show that its enol form is more stable than that of the keto form. The predicted non-linear optical properties of the title compound are much greater than those of urea. The changes in thermodynamic properties for the formation of the title compound with the temperature ranging from 200 K to 500 K have been obtained using the statistical thermodynamic method. At 298.15 K the change of Gibbs free energy for the formation reaction of the title compound is 37.03 kJ/mol. The title compound cannot be spontaneously produced from the isolated monomers at room temperature. The tautomeric equilibrium constant is also computed as 1.23×10^?3 at 298.15 K for enol ? keto tautomerisation of the title compound.     

2-芳氧甲基苯并咪唑-1-乙酰肼的NMR谱的表征

利用酯3的肼解合成出了8个2-芳氧甲基苯并咪唑-1-乙酰肼(4). 其中4c、4d、4f和4g是新化合物. 利用元素分析、IR 和¹H NMR谱对目标化合物4进行了结构表征. 利用2D NMR谱(包括¹H-¹H COSY、HSQC、HMBC 和 NOESY) 对代表化合物4e进行了¹H 和¹³C NMR的归属及空间结构确定. 通过变温实验和溶剂实验(DMSO-d₆ 和CDCl₃)研究了化合物4e的互变异构. 实验结果表明,室温下,DMSO中,目标化合物4存在着酮式和亚胺醇式这两种异构体的互变,其中酮式占 88.2%~92.6%;而在CDCl₃中,仅以亚胺醇形式存在.     

锰、铁、钴氮杂金属冠醚的红外和紫外光谱研究

本文报导了含铁、钴、锰氮杂金属冠醚及其配体的红外和紫外光谱研究结果。对400－4000cm^-1范围的主要红外吸收谱峰进行了经验归属，并进一步讨论了合成的配体和配合物的特征吸收谱带与其结构的关系。配体IR谱中的v(C=O),v(NH),δ（NH） v(CN),δ（NH）等酮式特征吸收在配合物的IR谱图中基本消失，－1600cm^-1处出现归属于共轭体系C＝N－N＝C骨架伸缩振动的吸收谱带，－1560和－1410cm^-1附近各出现一尖锐的强吸收，他们分别归属于v(C=O)和v(CO)，说明该系列N－烷酰基水杨酰肼配体固态时主要以酮式存在，在溶液中则先异构为烯醇式结构，然后醇羟基再通过去质子化作用使羟氧与金属配合。电子光谱研究结果表明该系列配合物出现苯环及共轭体系的π-π^*或n-π^*的跃迁（－204和220－256nm)、M－L荷移跃迁带（274－350nm)和在配位体场作用下金属原子的d-d跃迁吸收峰（－500nm)。     

激发态质子转移分子2-（2′-羟基苯基）苯并噻唑在不同溶剂中的光谱特性

观测了2-（2′-羟基苯基）苯并噻唑（HBT）在不同极性溶剂中的吸收光谱和荧光光谱,详细研究了溶剂极性对HBT发生激发态分子内质子转移（ESWT）影响的机制。吸收光谱表明在常态条件下,HBT在各种溶剂中都以烯醇式构型和酮式构型共同存在,但以烯醇式构型占绝大多数。荧光光谱表明在纯环己烷溶剂中,HBT被紫外光激发时,绝大多数烯醇式构型发生ESIPPT转变为酮式构型,分子的ESIPT效率最大。在含有乙醇的极性溶剂中,HBT烯醇式会形成溶剂化的烯醇式构型,阻碍分子发生ESIPT反应。溶剂中乙醇含量愈多极性愈强,溶剂化烯醇式的成份就愈多,HBT的ESIPT效率就愈低。以400nm光激发HBT溶液时,在510nm处发现酮式构型荧光,从而确认了400nm处的弱吸收是酮式构型的吸收;且在436和456nm处还有新的荧光峰,分析其可能来源于酮式构型去质子化阴离子的发射。     

激发态质子转移分子2-(2'-羟基苯基)苯并噻唑在不同溶剂中的光谱特性

观测了2-(2’-羟基苯基)苯并噻唑(HBT)在不同极性溶剂中的吸收光谱和荧光光谱,详细研究了溶剂极性对HBT发生激发态分子内质子转移(ESIPT)影响的机制。吸收光谱表明在常态条件下,HBT在各种溶剂中都以烯醇式构型和酮式构型共同存在,但以烯醇式构型占绝大多数。荧光光谱表明在纯环己烷溶剂中,HBT被紫外光激发时,绝大多数烯醇式构型发生ESIPT转变为酮式构型,分子的ESIPT效率最大。在含有乙醇的极性溶剂中,HBT烯醇式会形成溶剂化的烯醇式构型,阻碍分子发生ESIPT反应。溶剂中乙醇含量愈多极性愈强,溶剂化烯醇式的成份就愈多,HBT的ESIPT效率就愈低。以400 nm光激发HBT溶液时,在510 nm处发现酮式构型荧光,从而确认了400 nm处的弱吸收是酮式构型的吸收;且在436和456nm处还有新的荧光峰,分析其可能来源于酮式构型去质子化阴离子的发射。     

三种Schiff碱的Raman振动特性及其归属

本文研究了三种反对称Schiff碱的Raman振动特性,分析了三种Schiff碱的拉曼振动模式,给出了所观察到的Raman振动的归属。     

Tautomerism in Salicylidene Benzylamine

The UV spectra of substituted salicylidene benzylamine schiff bases were studied in four solvents. It was found that substituents which increase the electronic effect and not the steric compression effect in these compounds increase the percentage of the keto form. The intensity (i.e. % keto) of the keto band which occurs at > 400 nm in the UV spectra increases in polar solvents.     

芬太尼类物质的振动光谱特征分析研究

通过分析28种芬太尼类物质的红外和拉曼光谱,研究了芬太尼类物质的振动光谱特征,考察了红外和拉曼光谱对芬太尼类物质的区分能力。整体上看,芬太尼类物质的红外和拉曼光谱表现出不同的光谱特征,具有互补性。在红外光谱中,不同盐型芬太尼类物质在3200～2 000 cm-1区间差异显著,碱型化合物在2 972～2 952 cm-1存在强的吸收峰,盐酸盐化合物在2 600～2 320 cm-1存在中等强度的多重吸收峰,枸橼酸盐化合物在3 100～2 800 cm-1存在中等偏弱的宽吸收峰。在红外光谱中,芬太尼类物质在1 750～1 630 cm-1存在由C═O键伸缩振动引起的强吸收峰,在710～680 cm-1存在由苯环面外弯曲振动引起的强的单峰或双峰。在拉曼光谱中,28种芬太尼类物质均在1 001～1 002 cm-1处有强的拉曼峰,该峰是由苯环上C-H键的面内弯曲振动引起的。含烷基、苯基、四氢呋喃基取代化合物的拉曼光谱中,1 000 cm-1左右位置的峰为基峰,其他峰的强度均低于基峰强度的30%;含氟、呋喃、硫代等取代基化合物的拉曼光谱中,除1 000 cm-1左右位置的峰外还有其他高强度的峰。红外光谱可用于区分所有芬太尼类物质,对绝大多数化合物区分度高,对个别结构相差一个甲基的芬太尼结构类似物的区分度较弱,但通过指纹区的特征吸收峰,也可实现区分。当不存在荧光干扰时,拉曼光谱可用于区分所有的芬太尼类物质,对绝大多数化合物区分度高,对部分结构相差一个甲基或不同位置甲基取代的芬太尼结构类似物的区分度较弱,但通过指纹区的特征峰,也可实现区分。红外光谱和拉曼光谱均具有无需样品前处理、测试速度快、检测成本低、绿色环保等优点,便携式设备可用于现场快速检验。拉曼光谱仪测定某些样品时会受到荧光干扰,具有一定的局限性。与拉曼光谱相比,红外光谱无荧光干扰、谱图一致性高、商业谱库更加完备,是现场快速定性分析的首选方法。     

Fluorescence and surface-enhanced vibrational spectroscopies of lawsone and plumbagin

The natural dyes lawsone and plumbagin (1,4-naphthoquinones) were studied by using fluorescence, Raman, infrared (IR), surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), and surface-enhanced IR absorption. From the absorption spectrum, it was possible to infer that the enol-lawsone tautomer concentration decreases in silver colloidal solution. Plumbagin dimers, both in water and in silver colloidal solution, were identified from the fluorescence band profile and surface-SERS spectrum. The SERS spectrum of lawsone was obtained by using silver colloidal solution after 12-hour settle; the keto and enol lawsone silver colloid interaction occurs. The assignment of Raman and IR bands of both dyes was calculated with density functional theory calculations. Only a monomeric structure of lawsone interacting with a silver cluster model was predicted. The monomer adopts a nearly coplanar orientation onto the silver surface; the shortest distance is 3.2 Å, suggesting an electrostatic interaction.     

2-氯-5-三氟甲基苯胺水杨醛Schiff碱的结构及光谱性质研究

Schiff碱及其络合物的合成一直是研究的热点,其在药学、催化等领域有广泛的应用。实验以2-氯-5-三氟甲基苯胺、水杨醛为原料,合成2-氯-5-三氟甲基苯胺水杨醛Schiff碱,测定了Schiff碱的红外光谱和氢谱。利用密度泛函理论（DFT）B3LYP方法在6-311++G**基组上对合成的Schiff碱化合物进行了几何构型的优化和红外光谱的计算,得到了分子的优势构象、频率值及对应的红外强度,并比较了实验和理论计算的光谱数据,对分子的振动模式进行了全面的光谱归属,发现理论计算与实验测试结果吻合的较好。     

2-氯-5-三氟甲基苯胺水杨醛Schiff碱的结构及光谱性质研究

Schiff碱及其络合物的合成一直是研究的热点,其在药学、催化等领域有广泛的应用。实验以2-氯-5-三氟甲基苯胺、水杨醛为原料,合成2-氯-5-三氟甲基苯胺水杨醛Schiff碱,测定了Schiff碱的红外光谱和氢谱。利用密度泛函理论（DFT）B3LYP方法在6-311++G**基组上对合成的Schiff碱化合物进行了几何构型的优化和红外光谱的计算,得到了分子的优势构象、频率值及对应的红外强度,并比较了实验和理论计算的光谱数据,对分子的振动模式进行了全面的光谱归属,发现理论计算与实验测试结果吻合的较好。     

Spectroscopic Studies of Intramolecular Proton Transfer in 2-(4-Fluorophenylamino)-5-(2,4-Dihydroxybenzeno)-1,3,4-Thiadiazole

Spectroscopic studies of the biologically active compound 2-(4-fluorophenylamino)-5-(2,4-dihydroxybenzeno)-1,3,4-thiadiazole (FABT), have been performed. Absorption studies in the UV-Vis region for FABT in polar solvents, like water or ethanol, exhibit the domination of the enol form over its keto counterpart, with a broad absorption band centered around 340 nm. In non-polar solvents such as n-heptane or heavier alkanes the 340 nm absorption band disappears and an increase of the band related to the keto form (approximately 270 nm) is observed. Fluorescence spectra (with 270 nm and 340 nm excitation energies used) show a similar dependence: for FABT in 2-propanol a peak at about 400 nm dominates over that at 330 nm while in n-heptane this relation is reversed. The solvent dependent equilibrium between the keto and enol forms is further confirmed by FTIR and Raman spectroscopies. As can be expected, this equilibrium also shows some temperature dependences. We note that the changes between the two tautomeric forms of FABT are not related to the permanent dipole moment of the solvent but rather to its dipole polarizability.     

Quantum–Chemical Studies on the Superposition of Absorption Bands in the Carbonyl Region of the IR Spectra of Acetylacetone

Using the MO LCAO SCF method in the PM3 approximation, we have investigated the influence of various internal motions of the enol molecule of acetylacetone on the harmonic vibrational frequencies of the C=O and C=C groups. The results of the investigation are discussed with reference to the available literature data on vibrational spectra of acetylacetone and its substituted derivatives. They suggest that the nature of the wide intense IR band 1620 cm^–1 in the spectra of acetylacetone vapors responsible for the absorption of its enol double bonds and its temperature dependence are determined by the tunnel mechanism of enol proton motion in the H–bond channel, the probability of whose realization is controlled by the internal rotation of methyl substituents.     

CO2 laser photoacoustic spectra and vibrational modes of heroin, morphine and narcotine

Heroin, morphine and narcotine are very large molecules having 50, 40 and 53 atoms respectively. Moderately high resolution photoacoustic (PA) spectra have been recorded in 9.6 μm and 10.6 μm regions of CO₂ laser. It is very difficult to assign the modes of vibrations for PA bands by comparison with conventional low resolution IR spectra. The ab initio quantum chemical calculations were used for determining the molecular geometries and normal mode frequencies of vibrations of these molecules for assignments of PA spectra.     

Polymorphism of 4-Fluorophenylpyruvic Acid Studied by X-Ray Crystallography and Vibrational Spectroscopy

Two polymorphic forms (I and II) of 4-fluorophenylpyruvic acid (F-PPA) were obtained by crystallization from different solvents, showing a melting point at 163.2 and 171.0 °C. Crystal structures of polymorphs I and II were determined by X-ray crystallography. IR and Raman spectra of the two polymorphs were measured and the spectral characteristics were compared with those of phenylpyruvic acid. the two polymorphs show similar molecular and crystal structures to each other, except for the molecular geometries of the enol and the carboxylic acid moieties. Distinct IR spectral differences which result from the crystal field splitting were observed between the two polymorphs.     

Cu(Ⅱ)及Zn(Ⅱ)与直链醚席夫碱配合物的合成与表征

合成了两种直链醚席夫碱双水杨醛缩二甘醇二胺(SALDA)和双水杨醛缩四甘醇二胺(SALTTA)及其新配合物[Zn(SALDA)](NO₃)₂·4H₂O和[Cu₃(SALTTA)(NO₃)₄](NO₃)₂·3H₂O.并以IR谱、UV谱,特别是¹H和¹³C NMR谱等方法进行了表征,并详细地讨论了合成方法,IR谱表明SALTTA中醚氧并未全部配位.