肺癌患者血清硒含量的测定及临床意义

测定４０例肺癌患者的血清硒水平，并与健康对照组比较。结果表明，肺癌患者血清硒水平显著低于健康对照组，肺癌患者不同病期及病理类型间血清硒含量无统计学差异。揭示与其他很多肿瘤一样，肺癌患者血清硒水平显著降低，但不可作为判断病期及预测有无转移的指标。硒水平亦与病理类型无关。     

微量元素与癌症

一、肝癌:肝癌患者体内硒、锌、锰、铁较低,铜、镍、铝升高。二、胃肠癌:胃肠癌患者体内锌、钼、钴等明显降低,铜、镍明显升高。三、食管癌:食管癌患者体内硒、锌、铁、锰、钼、镁等缺乏,铜和铜/锌升高。四、肺癌:肺癌患者体内锰、硒、锌、锶等明显降低,铜、镍、砷含量升高。五     

54例白血病患者血清硒含量分析

以催化极谱法测定了５４例白血病患者血清硒含量。结果表明，急淋、急粒患者血清硒含量均低于正常对照组，慢粒及急、慢粒经治疗缓解者血清硒含量与正常对照组间均无显著性差异，提示低硒状态只存在于急性患者，且随病情缓解后血硒水平趋于正常，慢粒与血硒含量没有明显的相关关系。     

血清中Mo、Se、Mn、Cu、Zn与食管癌的关系探讨

通过对１８例食管癌患者以及８０例对照组血清中Ｍｏ、Ｓｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ的测定分析，发现食管瘤患者血硒含量明显低于对照组，二者之间有极显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。而血铜、铜／锌比值食管癌组明显高于对照组，差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。Ｍｏ、Ｍｎ、Ｚｎ元素的含量在二组之间无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）．提示血清硒铜与食管癌有关。     

肿瘤标志物联合C反应蛋白在肺癌诊断中的价值

目的探讨肿瘤标志物与C反应蛋白联合检测在肺癌诊断中的价值。方法选取2012年1月—2014年12月佳木斯大学附属第一医院收治的50例肺癌患者为实验组,选取同期50例肺良性疾病患者为对照组,对比两组患者体内C反应蛋白和4项肿瘤标志物含量。结果 1实验组患者的4项肿瘤标志物检测结果明显高于对照组,C反应蛋白含量低于对照组,组间差异具统计学意义(P0.05);2 4项肿瘤标志物与C反应蛋白联合检测对肺癌的阳性检出率可达86.0%以上。结论肿瘤标志物与C反应蛋白在肺癌诊断中具有应用价值,两者联合应用可以提高肺癌的阳性检出率。     

硒与肺癌

为深入研究硒的抑癌机制,对肺癌患者进行合理的硒治疗和对肺癌高危人群进行适当的硒干预,概述了硒在自然界的分布,人体硒营养状况的评价指标,硒与肺癌的流行病学、动物实验、体外试验、人体干预试验、发病机制的研究现状。     

微量元素与脑血管疾病的关系

报道了９７例脑血管疾病患者血清中铜、锌、锂、硒等四种微量元素含量的测定，并设立对照组５０例，用以探索这些元素与脑血管疾病发病之间的关系，观察结果发现两组血清微量元素含量不同，疾病组明显低于对照组，呈现高度显著性差异。     

PS 4.0微机极谱仪测定血样中微量硒

采用DTD4．0型恒温消解仪消解血样,节省了常量样品消化所用的大量硝酸和高氯酸,用PS4．0微机极谱仪测定了血样中的微量硒。在高氯酸溶液中四价硒与亚硫酸钠形成硒的络合物,用EDTA作掩蔽剂。在氨-氯化铵-碘酸钾缓冲溶液中,峰电位-0．85v(相对饱和甘汞电极)产生灵敏的催化波,根据峰高计算出硒含量。检测下限0．5μg／L,线性范围0,5～10．0μg/L,变异系数为2．09％,回收率98．2％。锌、锰、铜不干扰测量。分析结果满意。     

亚硒酸钠通过活性氧(ROS)/谷胱甘肽(GSH)/谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX4)轴诱导非小细胞肺癌A549细胞铁死亡

硒作为人体必需的微量元素,具有抗癌作用,但其抗癌机制尚不明确,因此,通过探讨亚硒酸钠是否可以通过铁死亡途径抑制肺癌A549细胞增殖及其肺癌A549细胞发生铁死亡的具体机制。通过细胞增殖实验(CCK-8实验)及细胞计数实验评价亚硒酸钠对A549细胞增殖的影响,通过流式细胞术分析亚硒酸钠对肺癌A549细胞内线粒体膜电位(MMP)及活性氧(ROS)水平的影响,通过亚铁离子检测试剂盒检测亚硒酸钠作用后肺癌A549细胞内亚铁离子含量变化,MDA检测试剂盒分析亚硒酸钠作用后肺癌A549细胞内脂质氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)含量,分光光度法分析亚硒酸钠对肺癌A549细胞内谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4(GPX4)及谷胱甘肽(GSH)的表达影响。研究发现：亚硒酸钠能够显著抑制肺癌A549细胞增殖,且亚硒酸钠抑制肺癌A549细胞的半数抑制率(IC₅₀)为10μmol/L;亚硒酸钠能诱导肺癌A549细胞内ROS过度积累并使细胞内谷胱甘肽耗竭;亚硒酸钠作用后,细胞内线粒体膜电位水平显著降低,MDA含量升高而GPX4蛋白表达下调。研究表明,亚硒酸钠能通过诱导肺癌A549细胞内ROS过度积累,引起细胞内...     

慢阻肺患者血清中钙镁锌铜硒含量水平的研究

１１６例慢阻肺患者血清中钙、镁、锌、铜、硒的含量与对照组比较。结果提示：（１）血清铜的含量升高,血清钙,锌,硒的含量降低,血清锌的含量差异无显著性;（２）可根据上列元素含量变化的特点进行该病的早期辅助诊断和微量元素的平衡治疗。     

Identification of differential signs of squamous cell lung carcinoma by means of the mass spectrometry profiling of blood plasma

The study deals with the search for potential biomarkers of squamous cell lung cancer by virtue of low-molecular weight proteome profiling (1–20 kDa) of blood plasma. The profiling was performed by automated sample preparation followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The training set comprised of 152 blood plasma samples from patients with squamous cell lung cancer and 185 ones of the control group. For processing the profiles, the method of support vector machines was used in the environment of the ClinProTools 2.0 software and freely accessible language R for statistical analysis. The original software created in R-environment was shown to provide with more plentiful opportunities in the search for potential biomarkers, i.e., mass spectral peaks, in comparison to the ClinProTools 2.0 software. As a result of study, a number of 15 mass spectral peaks was established, which discriminated blood plasma samples collected from patients with squamous cell lung cancer and those of the control group. The selection of mass spectral peaks may potentially serve for the early diagnostics of the disease.     

Comparison of selenium content in human hair from different individuals in different countries,by76Se(n,γ)77mSe reaction

Samples of hair from 370 subjects were analysed by neutron activation. The samples were taken from residents of nine different countries: Japan, France, Ivory Coast, Brasil, Paraguay, Canary Islands, Papua New Guinea, Italy and New Zealand. The selenium determination was made using the⁷⁶Se(n,)^77mSe reaction.It was found that the average selenium concentration in the hair of Japanese subjects, both those living in Japan and those living in foreign countries was higher (total average: 0.59±0.14 mg/kg) than those of subjects from other countries (total average: 0.42±0.13 mg/kg).Our results from the determination of the selenium concentration in the hair of individuals from different countries show significant differences between different countries, nevertheless, the selenium content in human hair was small amounts. Since this is likely due to differences in diet. This method was able to analyze quickly for many samples.     

Selenium status in the blood of Australians using neutron activation analysis

Selenium determination by neutron activation analysis via both short and longlived selenium isotopes was performed on 98 samples of whole blood taken from Sydney workers. Half of the samples were further separated into their compenents and selenium measured on the erythrocyte and plasma fractions. The average selenium concentrations for blood, plasma and erythrocytes were 0.103, 0.091 and 0.117 g·ml^–1, respectively. These are compared with literature values for Australia and other countries.     

支气管动脉CTA检查在中央型肺癌患者介入术前的指导价值

为探讨支气管动脉CT血管造影(CTA)检查在中央性肺癌患者介入术前的指导价值,本研究选取因反复肺癌咯血于我院行支气管动脉CTA检查的中央性肺癌患者56例,另选取同期正常对照组15例。所有患者均进行支气管动脉栓塞术,比较CTA影像学检查结果。结果显示,左肺癌患者的L支气管动脉显影率、右肺癌患者的R支气管动脉显影率均显著高于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);左、右肺癌患者的L、R支气管动脉内径均显著高于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);左肺癌患者的支气管动脉解剖分型以Grade 4型为主,占72.2%;右肺癌患者的支气管动脉解剖分型以Grade 1型为主,占47.4%。共检出咯血动脉76支,其中支气管动脉58支、肺循环动脉10支、多种动脉交通吻合型6支、肋间动脉2支。28例肺癌患者的供血支气管动脉至少有1个弯角≤90°,走行迂曲,CTA可见点或网状肿瘤血管,内肺动脉被包绕,狭窄;部分肺外体循环参与供血的患者,其病灶邻近的胸膜增厚。研究结果显示,支气管动脉CTA检查可有效提供支气管动脉的分支类型、解剖分型及开口部位,能较好地观察肺内疾病的血供来源,为患者介入治疗提供参考。     

高效液相色谱法测定人血清中假尿嘧啶核苷的浓度

应用反相高效液相色谱法测定人血清中假尿苷（ＰＤ）的含量,色谱柱为Ｎｏｖａ－ＰａｋＣ１８３．９ｍｍ×１５０ｍｍ,流动相为０．０４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ磷酸二氢钾缓冲液（ｐＨ４．０）,检测波长为２６３ｎｍ,线性范围为０．７～６．８μｍｏｌ／Ｌ,回收率为９３．５０％,日间误差ＣＶ＝３．１１％（ｎ＝６）。同时测定了部队体检正常人血清中ＰＤ的浓度,并用于临床观察肝炎、肾病、肺癌等多种疾病以及Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光治疗前后患者血中ＰＤ含量的变化。正常人血中ＰＤ的浓度无性别差异,成年人的正常值与文献一致。     

隆回富硒区山银花不同花期硒分布规律研究

通过分析山银花不同花期硒含量,探讨了山银花中硒的积蓄规律与土壤硒之间的关系。选择湖南省隆回县小沙江地区加油站北和岩背村两处土壤硒含量分别为0.968 mg/kg和0.837mg/kg的山地,种植灰毡毛忍冬的两个不同品种:白云一号和金蕾一号,在花期内连续采收绿蕾期、白蕾期、白花期和金花期样本,脱水后,用电化学法测定硒含量。结果表明,白云一号和金蕾一号的绿蕾期、白蕾期、白花期和金花期硒平均含量分别为0.111、0.191、0.191、0.295 mg/kg和0.146、0.260、0.272、0.363 mg/kg,金蕾一号的硒积蓄能力优于白云一号。结论是富硒区山银花中硒的积蓄量与品种、花期密切相关,但与土壤中硒含量无明显相关性。     

Determination of selenium in blood serum by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry with pneumatic nebulization

The possibility of determining selenium in blood serum using inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry with conventional pneumatic nebulization was studied. A high-resolution spectrometer (SBW=6 pm) with laterally viewed ICP was employed. Analysis with conventional pneumatic nebulization could overcome laborious and demanding digestion, which is necessary for hydride generation. A pressure digestion with nitric acid at 160 degrees C was sufficient to decrease the carbon content in the serum sample to 5%-10% of its original value. Spectral interference of the CN band was observed and mathematically corrected. It was found that the carbon-induced selenium line emission enhancement occurred even under ICP optimized conditions. A method of determination was developed and applied to the analysis of blood serum. True limit of detection in real samples is 0.01-0.02 mg/L and the limit of quantification (RSD 10%) is 0.03-0.07 mg/L using Se I 196.090 nm line at an integration time of 10-2 s. The method was tested by analysis of porcine blood serum and the serum reference material Seronorm MI 0181.     

Ultrasound-assisted extraction technique for establishing selenium contents in breast cancer biopsies by Zeeman-electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry using multi-injection

A solid-liquid extraction method is developed to establish the contents of selenium in breast cancer biopsies. The method is based on the ultrasound-assisted extraction of selenium from pretreated biopsies prior to Se determination by atomic absorption spectrometry with longitudinal-Zeeman background correction. Fifty-one breast biopsies were collected from the Cies Hospital (Vigo, Spain), 32 of which correspond to tumor tissue and 19 to normal tissue (parenchyma). Difficulties arising from the samples analyzed, i.e. small samples mass (50-100 mg), extremely low Se contents and sample texture modification including tissue hardening due to formaldehyde preservation are addressed and overcome. High intensity sonication using a probe together with addition of hydrogen peroxide succeeded in completely extracting Se from biopsies. The multiple injection technique was useful to tackle the low Se contents present in some biopsies. The detection limit was 25 ng g⁻¹ of Se and the precision, expressed as relative standard deviation, was less than 10%. Se contents ranged from 0.08 to 0.4 μg g⁻¹ for parenchyma samples and from 0.09 to 0.8 μg g⁻¹ for tumor samples. In general, Se levels in tumor biopsies were higher as compared with the adjacent normal tissue in 19 patients by a factor of up to 6. Analytical data confirmed Se accumulation in the breast tumors.     

广东某高校学生膳食硒摄入状况

为了解广东大学生膳食硒的摄入状况,进而了解广州市居民的膳食硒摄入状况,采用单纯随机抽样的方法随机选取广东某高校某班学生10人,男女生各半,用双份饭法收集这10名学生连续7d内每天摄入的全部食物（包括饮水、饮料、零食等）,共70份样品,用荧光分光光度法测定了各样品的硒含量,得到学生在调查期间膳食硒的摄入状况。结果表明,男、女生人均膳食硒摄人量分别为86．51μg／d和69．92μg／d,学生总体人均膳食硒摄入量为78．22μg／d。该校学生膳食硒的摄入量达到了中国营养学会推荐的参考摄入量（50—250μg／d）的要求。     

Increased levels of multiple forms of dihydrofolate reductase in peripheral blood leucocytes of cancer patients receiving haematopoietic colony-stimulating factors: interim analysis

The precise mechanism whereby granulocytes proliferate when haematopoietic colony stimulating factors (CSFs) are used in neutropenic cancer patients is poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether these cytokines bring about leucocyte proliferation by increasing the levels of multiple forms of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). Blood samples were collected from 36 cancer patients (25 males and 11 females) with chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. One sample of blood from each patient was obtained before therapy either with CSF, such as granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or with placebo, and another one at the time of resolution of neutropenia. Peripheral blood leucocytes in these blood samples were counted, separated and lysed. From lysates, cytoplasmic samples were prepared and analyzed for active DHFR by a methotrexate-binding assay and for total immunoreactive DHFR by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The increase in total leucocyte count (TLC) was most prominent (P < 0.005) in the CSF group and less so (P < 0.05) in the placebo group. The mean +/- SD concentration values of active DHFR before and after stimulation with GM-CSF found were to be 0.34 +/- 0.4 ng/mg protein and 0.99 +/- 0.82 ng/mg protein, respectively, and in the group treated with G-CSF, 0.24 +/- 0.32 ng/mg protein and 1.18 +/- 2.4 ng/mg protein, respectively. This increase in active DHFR after stimulation with CSF was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Similarly, concentration values of immunoreactive but nonfunctional form of DHFR (IRE) were 110 +/- 97 ng/mg protein and 605 +/- 475 ng/mg protein before and after stimulation with GM-CSF, and 115 +/- 165 ng/mg protein and 1,054 +/- 1,095 ng/ mg protein before and after stimulation with G-CSF. This increase in concentration of IRE after stimulation with GM-CSF or G-CSF was statistically significant (P < 0.005). In the control group, there was an increase in the concentration of both active DHFR and IRE after treatment with placebo. However, this was not statistically significant. Resolution of neutropenia was quicker in the groups treated with CSF compared to the control group. Results of this study indicate that colony stimulating factors (G-CSF and GM-CSF) induce white cell proliferation by increasing the levels of multiple forms of DHFR.