共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 0 毫秒
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采用化学刻蚀与低表面能物质修饰相结合的方法, 通过调控刻蚀时间在304不锈钢、 X80管线钢和45#钢表面构造不同的微观形貌; 借助扫描电子显微镜采集不同材料表面的微观形貌, 并采用接触角测量仪测量其润湿性能; 应用Matlab软件编程计算分形参数. 结果表明, 3种材料构造的疏水表面均具有分形特征, 且最佳刻蚀时间为30 min, 此时多重分形谱子集维数最大值最靠左, 对应的奇异性指数最小, 表征表面微观形貌的分形维数也达到最大值; 分形维数与接触角线性拟合效果优良, 接触角随分形维数的增大而增大. 相似文献
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讨论了非相容高密度聚乙烯,尼龙1010共混体系在熔融混炼过程中相结构的形成与发展.应用在线连续采样方法,获得共混过程中体系不同时刻的样品,应用扫描电子显微镜观察并得到共混物相结构的显微图像.用图像处理和图估计方法求得了体系分散相平均粒径和粒径分布宽度,讨论了平均粒径和分布宽度随混炼时间的变化.结果表明,共混物相结构的变化主要发生在混炼初期,即混炼两分钟以前,之后平均粒径和分布宽度趋于平稳,保持在一定数值范围内.引入分性概念,应用测度法计算了体系的分形维数,表明体系相结构的变化具有自相似性,分形维数的变化与体系的均匀性有关.同时,研究了混炼温度和混炼设备的转速(剪切速率)与体系分散相平均粒径、分布宽度和分形维数等结构参数的关系. 相似文献
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PS/SBS/CaCO_3共混物体系脆韧转变 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
研究了不同组成的聚苯乙烯 (PS)基三元共混物体系的缺口冲击性能、拉伸性能和断面形貌以及相形态 .实验结果表明 ,微米级碳酸钙的增韧改性效果稍好于纳米级碳酸钙 ,但增强效果却相反 .随着分散相含量的增加 ,3种共混物韧性皆明显提高 ,拉伸曲线向右下方移动 ,应变软化减弱 ,应变硬化增强 .研究发现了随分散相含量的增加 ,PS共混物出现了脆韧转变 ,而且脆韧转变以不同的形式表现了出来 ,即冲击强度、断面形貌以及拉伸曲线在同一区间同时出现了转变 相似文献
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焦化过程半焦孔隙结构时空变化规律的实验研究——孔结构的分形特征及其变化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
应用分形理论的概念,结合压汞法测得的半焦孔隙结构数据,建立孔结构分形特征模型,考察了焦化过程中不同焦化温度、不同横向空间位置半焦孔隙结构分形特征及其变化规律。结果表明,孔径大于5μm 的孔不具有分形特征,孔径为20nm~5μm孔的孔隙结构具有分形特征,其分形维数为2.45~2.83,可以用分形维数定量表征孔隙结构;相同空间位置下,半焦孔结构分形维数低温时较高,随温度逐渐升高先减小,然后增大再减小;同一空间位置不同温度下分形维数的变化量较小(< 0.15),表明温度对半焦孔隙结构复杂程度的影响不明显;相同焦化温度下,半焦中心和边缘处的孔结构分形维数大于中间部位,表明中心位置和边缘位置处的孔隙结构要比中间位置处的复杂。 相似文献
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聚合物材料缺口冲击强度与断面粗糙度参数Rs的关系 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
金属材料断面粗糙度的测定描述及其与材料性能间的关系已有很多报道,研究结果表明,随断面粗糙度表征参量(分形维数DF,表面粗糙度参数RS)增大,金属材料的一些宏观力学性能(断裂韧性KIC,冲击韧性aK,疲劳门槛值ΔKth等)增高,但这些研究都较少涉及材料的断裂机制[1~3].聚合物材料断面粗糙度的定量研究较少,有关聚合物材料断面粗糙度与材料韧性间关系的定量结论也不一致[4,5],体现出聚合物材料断面粗糙度定量分析的复杂性.本文通过对不同试验温度下几种聚合物材料冲击断面粗糙度的定量测定,研究了聚合物材… 相似文献
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本工作用激光光散射和光学显微镜手段研究了聚甲基丙烯酸甲醋(PMMA)和聚醋酸乙烯酯[PVAc]共混体系相分离过程。结果表明系统的相态结构呈现较强的自相似,结构函数在大波矢处具有q~(-6)的渐近行为,相结构具有分形特征,其分形维数[Fractal Dimension]D约为1,64,初步认为结构函数的标度[Scaling]行为是由于相结构的分形特征所致。 相似文献
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Three series of MBS core-shell impact modifiers were prepared by grafting styrene and methyl methacrylate onto PB or SBR seed latex in emulsion polymerization. All the MBS modifiers were designed to have the same total chemical composition, and MMA/Bd/St equals 30/42/28, which is a prerequisite for producing transparent blends with PVC. Under this composition, there were three different ways of arrangement for styrene in MBS, which led to the different structure of MBS modifier. The concentration of MBS in PVC/MBS blends was kept at a constant value of 20 wt.%. The effects of arrangement of St in MBS on the mechanical and optical properties of PVC/MBS blends were studied. The notched Izod impact test results showed that the MBS with a PB homopolymer core grafted with St had a lowest brittle-ductile transition (BDT) temperature and BDT temperature increased with the amount of St copolymerized with Bd in the core of MBS. The transparency of blends also increased with the amount of St copolymerized with Bd in the core. TEM results showed that the arrangement of St in MBS influenced the deformation behavior. Two deformation modes were observed in the blends: cavitation and shear yielding. When all St was grafted onto the PB rubber, both cavitation and debonding were observed, which relieve the triaxial tension and promote the shear yielding of the PVC matrix. When all St was copolymerized with Bd in MBS, no cavitation could be observed and only the shear yielding of the PVC matrix took place. 相似文献
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韧性聚合物材料断面分维与断裂韧性吕素平,漆宗能(中国科学院化学研究所工程塑料国家重点实验室,北京,100080)关键词分维,断裂韧性,聚合物,微裂纹,剪切带利用分形几何定量描述材料断面的粗糙特征[1-4]为建立断面形貌与材料韧性间的定量关系提供了可能... 相似文献
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Carl-Dieter Zachmann Stefan Michael Kast Alla Sariban Jürgen Brickmann 《Journal of computational chemistry》1993,14(11):1290-1300
The quantification of surface roughness of globular proteins and synthetical macromolecules in the globular state is discussed using the concept of fractality. The Hausdorff dimension as a measure for local and global fractality of surfaces is applied. To calculate the Hausdorff dimension of any surface at a high level of accuracy, a new algorithm is presented that is based on a triangulated solvent-accessible molecular surface. It can be demonstrated that protein surfaces (as calculated on the basis of experimentally determined structures) as well as surfaces of globular polyethylene (PE) conformers (calculated on the basis of structural information basing on extensive Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics simulations) in fact show self-similarity within a reasonable yardstick range, at least in a global statistical sense. The same is true for parts of a protein surface provided that these regions are not too small. The concept of self-similarity breaks down when individual surface points are considered. The results obtained for the fractal dimension of PE surfaces (average fractal dimension D = 2.23) lead to the conclusion that protein surfaces probably do not exhibit a unique and specific degree of geometrical complexity (or surface roughness) characterized by a fractal dimension of approximately D = 2.2 as was argued in the past. It is clear that the concept of self-similarity is helpful for the classification of surface roughness of large molecules, but it seems questionable whether this concept is useful for the identification of active sites or other questions related to the field of molecular recognition. © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
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Suping Lyu Xiaoguang Zhu Zongneng Qi 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》1994,32(13):2151-2154
A microcrack-shear band chain model for the fracture of ductile materials is proposed. The fractal dimension (D) of the fracture surfaces is derived and correlated with the fracture toughness (KIc) of ductile materials. The fractal dimension of the fracture surface is predicted to have an inverse trend with the fracture toughness. The theoretical results are consistent with the experimental results of some polymers and metals. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
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纳米级CaCO_3粒子与弹性体CPE微粒同时增韧PVC的研究 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
研究了平均粒径为 30nm的超细级纳米CaCO3 与氯化聚乙烯 (CPE)对聚氯乙烯 (PVC)共混体系二元协同增韧效应及机制 .结果表明 ,当共混体系中有一定量的CPE时 ,纳米CaCO3 的加入可以明显地提高共混物的韧性 ,而不降低共混物的强度和刚性 .纳米CaCO3 在PVC基体中达到了纳米级的分散 .当纳米CaCO3 的用量为 8份 (质量 )时 ,PVC CPE 纳米CaCO3 共混物的冲击断面产生了大量的有规则的网丝状结构 ,共混物的缺口冲击强度达到 81 1kJ m2 ,比不加纳米CaCO3 的共混体系高 7 3倍 .CPE的加入对共混体系的加工流动性能无影响 ,纳米CaCO3 的加入使共混体系的加工流动性能变差 相似文献
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The process of thermal degradation of poly(vinyl chloride)/poly(methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene) (PVC/MBS) blends was
investigated by means of isothermal thermogravimetry in nitrogen. The total mass loss was determined after 120 min. The kinetic
parameters of the degradation process were determined by applying two kinetic models: the model which assumes autocatalytic
degradation (Prout-Tompkins) and the model of two-dimensional diffusion. It was established that the thermal degradation at
lower degrees of conversion (α<0.20) was well described by the former model, but the latter model was applicable at higher
degrees of conversion. The thermal stability of blends at a certain temperature of isothermal degradation depends on the blend
composition and the shell/core ratio in MBS, and on the adhesion in the boundary layer in PVC/MBS blends.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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The work focused on the influence of the internal structure of MBS core-shell impact modifiers on the properties of PVC/MBS blends. MBS was synthesized by grafting styrene and methyl methacrylate onto PB seed latex by emulsion polymerization. Different monomer feeding manners and initiators were employed to control the internal structure of core-shell particles. The investigation of the morphology of MBS showed that when styrene monomer was fed in a semicontinuous feeding manner and redox initiator was used, core-shell particles with rarely sub-inclusions could be obtained. When preswollen manner of styrene monomer and redox initiator were employed, there were a large number of small sub-inclusions in the core of MBS. When AIBN was used as initiator, large sub-inclusions could be found in the core of MBS. The results of the Izod impact tests showed that PVC/MBS blend with MBS prepared by preswollen manner had the lowest brittle-ductile transition temperature. And TEM showed that the different internal structures of core-shell particles could lead to different deformation mechanisms. While the results of transparency tests showed that the presence of the sub-inclusions in the MBS impaired the transparency of the blends. 相似文献