Structure in the emission from pyrene evaporated films

Emission spectra and decay times of fluorescence of pyrene thin films prepared by evaporation onto substrates at liquid nitrogen temperature were measured. Structure in the emission from films warmed slowly up to higher temperature is found to the higher energy side of the excimer emission band. The decay time is about 410 ns at temperatures between 110 K and 210 K. But the emission from the film warmed up to a temperature above 210 K shows only the excimer emission. These results are discussed in relation to an amorphous structure in the pyrene evaporated thin film.     

Excimer emission from evaporated pyrene films

Emission spectra and decay times of fluorescence of pyrene thin films prepared by evaporation onto glass substrate at low temperatures were measured. The band positions of the excimer emission from the films evaporated onto substrates at temperatures below about 200 K, are found to the lower energy side of those of the crystal. The decay time of excimer emission in a film prepared by evaporation onto a substrate cooled with liquid nitrogen is about 100 ns at 85 K and is shorter than that of the crystal. These results are discussed in relation to an amorphous structure in the pyrene evaporated thin films. The energy transfer was also studied in evaporated pyrene films containing perylene as a dopant. The results are explained in terms of excimer exciton diffusion through the crystalline structure in the film.     

Excimer emission of crystalline naphthalene

Excimer emission of naphthalene has been observed in microcrystals obtained by grinding single crystals mechanically and in evaporated films. The emission spectrum of the excimer in the microcrystal was equal to that in the evaporated film. The decay times of both excimer emissions were about 140 ns at 77 K. The temperature dependence of these decay times has been interpreted by the distribution of the excimers in thermal equilibrium between two vibrational states.     

Emission from evaporated anthracene films

Emission spectra, excitation spectra and decay times of fluorescence of anthracene films prepared by evaporation on to substrate cooled with liquid nitrogen were measured. The fluorescence spectra of such films show a broad structureless band. The fluorescence excitation spectra and decay times of the emission in the shorter wavelength side of the band are different from those in the longer wavelength side. The decay times of the emissions on the shorter and longer wavelength sides are about 6.0 and 190 ns, respectively, at liquid nitrogen temperature. It may be that the former emission is due to a crystalline structure and the latter emission to an amorphous structure. Next, in anthracene evaporated films containing tetracene as a dopant, the energy transfer from the host to the guest could be observed and this was attributed to the exciton diffusion through the crystalline structure.     

Crystal excimer fluorescence from substituted naphthalenes

Excimer emission is observed from thermodynamically stable, ordered crystals of two napthalene derivatives, namely 1,3-dichloronaphthalene and 1,4-dichloronaphthalene. At 77 K 1,3-dichloronaphthalene has a fluorescence maximum at 398 nm, a decay time of 14 ns and a quantum yield of 0.13. The corresponding values for the 1,4-derivative are 400 nm, 11 ns and 0.10. Crystals of both compounds are photostable upon UV irradiation at room temperature.     

Steady state and time-resolved studies of pyrene in solution and in single microcrystals

Single microcrystals of pyrene have been studied by steady state and time resolved fluorescence microscopy. The fluorescence spectra of microcrystals exhibit vibrational structure unlike the broad spectrum observed in pyrene excimer. A risetime is observed in the decay curves of the concentrated solutions, indicating the excimer formation. In contrast, the fluorescence decay profiles of the single microcrystals are nonexponential in nature and the decay times vary with their size and the wavelength of emission. This behaviour has been explained mainly by considering the pyrene dimer stabilized in the ground state.     

Optical and scintillating properties of Ce:Li(Y,Lu)F4 single crystals

We have investigated the optical and scintillating properties of Lu co-doped Ce:LiYF₄ single crystals with various Lu content. In the transmittance and absorption spectra, the absorption peaks at 243 nm get systematically red shifted in contrast to the peaks at 197 and 200 nm which get blue shifted with the increase in Lu content. At the same time, emission peaks at 306 nm and 200 nm under 295 nm excitation also get red shifted. The decay time of Ce:Li(Y,Lu)F₄ crystals under 295 nm excitation is found to be faster than that of Ce:LiYF₄ and Ce:LiLuF₄ crystals. The alpha-peak positions in the pulse-height spectra and decay times of crystals under alpha-ray irradiation are found to vary with the Lu content.     

Migration of excimers in pyrene crystals

Emission decay times of the new excimer were measured for undoped and perylene doped pyrene crystals. From the decay times obtained, the temperature dependence of the diffusion coefficient of the excimers was deduced by assuming a model in which two electronic states of the new excimer are involved in the energy transfer process. Within this model, it was found that in the upper excimer state the excimers migrated by a hopping process, while in the lower excimer state they migrated as free excimer excitons while undergoing phonon scattering.     

偏硅酸钙中Ce3+的发光性质

制备了Ce3+激活的CaSiO3磷光体。在77K和室温下研究讨论了它们的激发和发射光谱以及荧光寿命等光学性质,分析了结构和电荷补偿剂的影响。在UV或CR激发下,Ce3+发射较强的蓝紫光,峰值为396nm。室温下,Ce3+离子的荧光寿命大约为30ns。     

γ射线辐照诱导Bi:α-BaB2O4单晶近红外宽带发光的研究

用提拉法技术生长出了掺Bi的α-BaB₂O₄单晶并经过γ射线辐照.测定了样品在室温下的吸收光谱、发射光谱及荧光衰减曲线.在808 nm波长光的激发下,经γ射线辐照后的α-BaB₂O₄单晶中发现了中心波长为1139 nm、半高宽为113 nm的近红外宽带发光现象.讨论了辐照条件和退火处理对Bi离子发光的影响.对于其发光机理进行了初步的探讨. 关键词： 近红外宽带发光 2O₄单晶')" href="#">α-BaB₂O₄单晶 辐照 退火处理     

Fluorescence decay time measurements in tetracene crystals excited with synchrotron radiation

Fluorescence decay times from tetracene single crystals excited at room temperature with synchrotron radiation have been recorded as a function of the excitation wavelength (in the 400–500 nm range). A non-exponential decay with two decay rates is observed. The analysis of our data shows that the first singlet exciton level of tetracene (single crystal) decays radiatively mainly through, as we call it, channel 1, with a lifetime of 0.200 ± 0.020 ns. About 10% of the emitted fluorescence transits through channel 2 with a lifetime of 1.7 ± 0.2 ns. These results do not agree with previously published decay data obtained when tetracene is excited by means of powerful lasers. Thus there is experimental evidence to believe that the decay properties of condensed materials can be very dependent on the excitation density. Because synchrotron radiation compared to lasers is a very weak source, and therefore secondary effects are minimized in our experimental conditions, the decay values reported in the present work are the true lifetimes of the tetracene single crystal.     

水溶性CdTe量子点的稳态和纳秒时间分辨光致发光光谱

报道了以飞秒脉冲激光为激发光源的水溶性CdTe量子点(QDs)的稳态荧光光谱和纳秒时间分辨荧光光谱.实验发现CdTe量子点的荧光光谱峰值位置随激发波长变化发生明显移动，激发脉冲波长越长，荧光峰位红移越大.荧光动力学实验数据显示，在400nm和800nm脉冲激光激发下，水溶性CdTe量子点的荧光光谱中均含有激子态和诱捕态两个衰减成分，两者的发射峰相距很近，诱捕态的发射峰波长较长.在800nm脉冲激光激发下的诱捕态成分占总荧光强度的比重比400nm激发下的约高3倍，其相对强度的这种变化导致了稳态荧光发射峰位的红移. 关键词： CdTe 量子点 时间分辨 荧光光谱 上转换荧光     

Pulsed laser stimulation and excitation in ZcS:Pb,Mn phosphor

Pulsed IR stimulation of UV irradiated room temperature ZnS:Pb,Mn phosphor powder was performed at 700 nm and 1.06 μm. Pulsed excitation of the phosphor at 355 nm was also studied. Transient spectra and spectrally resolved luminescence decay times are reported. The parametric dependence of the transient emission on UV excitation power and stimulation pulse energy is reported, as well as absolute stimulation efficiencies. The results are interpreted qualitatively using a model in which both intra-atomic transitions and self-activated donor-acceptor recombination occur simultaneously. Decay times range from 300 ns to 900 ns.     

闪烁晶体的发光研究进展

概述了近年来闪烁体发光研究的进展,主要介绍用于未来高能物理实验的新型闪烁体发光机理研究,选取我们在研BaF₂,BaF₂:RE,CeF₃以及PbWO₄中的一些新进展。重点谈及三点:(1)在BaF₂的“价带^→芯带”跃迁发光研究基础上进行稀土(Gd³⁺-Eu³⁺)掺杂时观察到的量子剪裁以及对多光子发光的新思考;(2)CeF₃晶体发光的级联能量传递中,Ce³⁺(290nm发射带)与缺陷发光中心(340nm发射带)间能量传递及其传递效率的温度依赖;(3)PbWO₄晶体的发光中心研究中,提出以“WO₄^-2+O_i”绿光中心替代“WO³+F”中心观点的依据。同时也简介了医用闪烁体的最新进展。     

Two-photon-excited fluorescence in KTiOPO4 polycrystals

The spectra of two-photon-excited fluorescence in KTiOPO₄ were obtained at room temperature. A coppervapor laser was used as a source of excitation light and provided two emission lines (λ=510.6 and 578.2 nm). The laser operated at a high pulse-repetition rate (～ 10⁴ Hz) and featured a peak power of about 10⁴ W, average power of 1 W, and pulse duration of 20 ns. The fluorescence spectra of crystalline KTiOPO₄ are compared with the resonance fluorescence spectra of KTiOPO₄ at 4.2 K. The measured decay time of fluorescence was found to be less than 16 ns. The efficiency of conversion of the laser radiation to fluorescence was about 10^?10 under saturation conditions.     

多环芳烃时间分辨荧光光谱特性研究

利用时间分辨荧光光谱技术,研究了菲、荧蒽、芴、蒽、芘等五种多环芳烃的荧光时间分辨发射光谱特性。以289 nm受激拉曼光作为激发光源,研究了289 nm激发光作用下五种多环芳烃的延时特性和门宽特性。并以多环芳烃随延时时间的荧光峰强度衰减关系曲线,得到菲、荧蒽、芴、芘的荧光寿命分别为37.0, 32.7, 10.9, 147.0 ns。不同荧光物质具有特定的荧光光谱特性,多环芳烃时间分辨荧光光谱特性的研究可以为复杂水体中不同种类多环芳烃的诊断提供依据。     

磺基水杨酸的荧光光谱与荧光量子产率

报道了磺基水杨酸 (SSA)的荧光光谱和荧光量子产率。在 pH <2时 ,SSA无荧光 ,随pH升高 ,SSA荧光增强 ,在 pH 5～ 10 5之间 ,SSA有稳定的强荧光 ,最大发射波长为 4 0 2nm ,激发波长为 2 12 ,2 38和2 97nm。在 pH >13的强碱性条件下 ,SSA转变为另一种荧光型体 ,最大激发波长 2 6 1nm ,最大发射波长390nm。SSA浓度较高时 ,荧光激发光谱发生变化 ,但发射光谱不变。在近中性条件下 ,SSA稀溶液的荧光强度与浓度之间存在良好的线性关系 ,线性范围为 5～ 2 5 0ng·mL- 1 ,检测下限为 5ng·mL- 1 。以硫酸奎宁为参比 ,测量了SSA在不同波长下的荧光量子产率 ,在最大激发波长 2 97nm处的荧光量子产率为 0 5 4。     

Molecular probe FET: Long-wavelength fluorescence excitation effect and proton transfer reaction

We studied the steady-state fluorescence spectra of solutions of FET (4′-(diethylamino)-3-hydroxyflavone) in acetonitrile that were excited at different temperatures by quanta with different energies located in the range of the main absorption band and in its long-wavelength wing. We found that, at room temperature, the emission intensity ratio of the bands of the normal and tautomeric forms, which are located at 505 and 570 nm, respectively, depends on the excitation wavelength. In the range of the main absorption band 300–360 nm, this ratio remains nearly the same, i.e., 1.45, while, upon excitation in the range of the long-wavelength wing 360–380 nm of the main band, it decreases to 1.33 at a wavelength of 460 nm. In this same range, a long-wavelength excitation effect that is unusual for liquid inviscid solvents at room temperature, i.e., a bathochromic shift of the entire short-wavelength emission band by 11 nm, manifests itself. We propose to explain these dependences using energy diagrams, which take into account the dependence of free energy on the orientational polarization of the polar solvent. The observed effect of the long-wavelength shift of the fluorescence spectrum with increasing excitation wavelength is explained in terms of the inhomogeneous broadening of electronic spectra of polar solutions, and it should be described using the scheme of energy states that takes into account sublevels of orientational broadening due to orientational dipole-dipole interactions of the fluorophore with nearest molecules of the polar solvent, as well as the relation between the fluorophore lifetime in the excited state and the dielectric relaxation time of solvent molecules in the field of the fluorophore dipole.     

Spectral-Kinetic Characteristics of Pyrene Fluorescence in Model Systems and Membranes of Etioplasts

The decay kinetics parameters of monomer and excimer fluorescence of pyrene in artificial galactolipid protein-free micelles and membranes of prolamellar bodies (PLB) of etioplasts have been determined. A complex law of probe fluorescence decay in artificial and native membranes has been discovered. It has been found that the addition of protochlorophyllide (Pd) to lipid micelles led to a considerable reduction in the lifetime of the long-lived component of the fluorescence-decay kinetics of the monomer form of pyrene (₂) and to the appearance of luminescence in the region of 640 nm in the stationary spectra of fluorescence at excitation of the pyrene molecules present in the bilayer. In native membranes of etioplasts, the monomer duration ₂ did not depend on the pigment content and the Pd fluorescence upon excitation through pyrene was absent. The membranes of etioplasts and the pigment-containing artificial micelles did not differ in the ₂ value of the excimer. They only differed in the contribution of the long-lived component to the total fluorescence (low in native membranes). The pigment-protein interaction in the etioplast membranes and the absence from them of pigment directly associated with lipids are discussed.     

闪烁体Y_2SiO_5:Ce的发光特性

Y_2SiO_5:Ce~(3+)(YSO:Ce)具有高密度、不吸潮以及良好的光输出和快速衰减的特性,是一种重要的闪烁材料。研究采用高温固相法制备Y_2SiO_5:Ce~(3+)+0.2%(YSO:Ce)。在低温及室温下,对闪烁体YSO:Ce的时间分辨发射光谱、激发光谱以及衰减曲线进行了测量和分析。YSO:Ce主要有两类发射,一是晶体的缺陷发射,发射中心在320 nm;二是掺杂的Ce~(3+)的5d→4f发射,发射中心在440 nm。只有当激发能量(E_x)大于材料带隙宽度(E_g)时才能够激发出晶体缺陷发射,对应慢速的激发发射过程,且低温时发射强度较大,当温度升高时有温度猝灭,在室温下时间分辨发射光谱中几乎观察不到晶体缺陷发射。对于发射中心位于440 nm Ce~(3+)的5d→4f能级发射,在60~300 nm范围内能够观察到多个激发峰,其中能量小于材料禁带宽度的激发是属于Ce~(3+)5d能级的直接激发带,对应快速的激发发射过程。在低温时能够观测到发光中心位于392和426 nm分立的发射峰,对应Ce~(3+)的5d→4f(~2F_(5/2),~2F_(7/2))的发射。当温度升高到室温时,光谱宽化,无法观测到分立的发射峰。在温度200和300 K时,当激发光的能量大于带隙宽度,衰减曲线有明显的上升沿,说明有能量传递给Ce~(3+)。