电子束极化度测量仪及其电子学系统的研制

介绍了研制成功的电子束极化度测量仪的基本原理、结构及其电子学测量系统,该系统基于PC机的数据获取和处理,并实现了整个实验过程的自动控制.作为对电子束极化度测量仪及电子学测量系统性能的检验,实验测量了线偏振光相对Stokes参数.测量结果表明整个系统具有测量精度高、结构紧凑和性能稳定的特点.     

光学极化度测量仪的研制及弱光Stokes参数的测量

极化电子束在物理学及其相关领域应用十分广泛,要深入研究这些应用必须对电子束的极化度进行精确测量,通常测量电子束极化度的仪器有两种：Mott极化度测量仪和光学极化度测量仪。因光学极化度测量仪与Mott极化度测量仪相比有许多优点而倍受关注。文章首先阐述了光学极化度测量仪的理论基础和实验原理,然后介绍了所研制光学极化度测量仪的设计方案和物理结构,最后给出了用该光学极化度测量仪测量弱光的Stokes参数的结果。     

BEPC束流极化与极化仪的研究

简要介绍了在北京正负电子对撞机（ＢＥＰＣ）上实现束流极化的必要性与可能性，以及束流极化度测量的原理与方法，还简要描述了利用一条同步辐射管道测量ＢＥＰＣ电子束流极化度的测试系统方案设计以及正在开展的实验工作。     

BEPC束流极化与极化仪的研究

简要介绍了在北京正负电子对撞机(BEPC)上实现束流极化的必要性与可能性,以及束流极化度测量的原理与方法,还简要描述了利用一条同步辐射管道测量BEPC电子束流极化度的测试系统方案设计以及正在开展的实验工作.     

极化电子源的原理及实验研究

简单介绍了极化电子束的获得,即极化电子源,讨论了对电子束极化度的测量,极化电子与原子散射,以及极化电子束在固物理、生物物理、核物理与粒子物理中的应用． The getting of polarized electrons was briefly introduced, that is the source of polarized electrons. The measurement of polarization in future, the application of polarized electrons in atomic and molecular physics, condensed physics, biological physics, nuclear and particle physics were discussed.     

相干衍射辐射在超短电子束团长度测量中的应用

利用相干衍射辐射(CDR)光学自相关技术在线无阻拦频域测量超短电子束团的长度是当前国际束测领域的研究热点. 文中分析和数值计算了利用上海应用物理研究所(SINAP)飞秒电子束装置提供的超短电子束团产生的宽带连续强CDR，介绍了超短电子束团长度测量的实验原理和装置示意，并研究了分束器对束团长度测量的影响. 结果表明，该束团可直接用于产生覆盖远红外至毫米波段的宽带连续强CDR；辐射能量主要集中在轴线附近，宏脉冲辐射能量可达毫焦耳量级；利用光学自相关技术研制的远红外Michelson干涉仪和Golay探测仪组成束团长度测量系统，通过实验测量CDR干涉图FWHM可近似求得超短束团长度；干涉图籍助傅立叶变换光谱法，可推算求得束团电子密度分布的信息.     

前切割与后聚束强流毫微秒束流脉冲化系统

对６００ｋＶ束流脉冲化系统设计，粒子动力学计算，聚束腔的性能测量，有关高频电子学系统和聚束器载束实验的初步结果作了论述。     

升级的合肥光源闭轨测量系统及其应用

 描述了合肥同步辐射光源二期工程中，电子储存环升级的闭轨测量系统及其在设备研制中的应用。介绍了性能稳定可靠的Bergoz束流位置监测电子学信号处理器。升级后的闭轨测量系统中处理电子学电路的束流位置分辨率可达1μm，系统误差小于10μm。整个测试系统的分辨率小于3μm。利用该高精度闭轨测量系统和基于束流准直系统完成了束流准直四极铁磁中心的测量，并和控制系统完成了储存环全环闭轨反馈校正试验。一个完整的束流位置监测系统已投入了在线运行，保障了为用户提供高稳定高品质的光源。     

瞬态光学渡越辐射测量系统的设计

针对在神龙一号上进行电子束瞬态发射度的测量要求,建立了一套利用光学渡越辐射原理进行电子束发射度测量的瞬态测量系统,该测量系统瞬态测量时间最快约10ns,并获得了神龙一号发射的脉冲电子束的束斑及发散角,典型值分别为约9mm和10.5mrad,实现了电子束发散角和束斑的同时测量,为在神龙一号上进行的时间分辨测量系统的研究奠定了基础。     

CFEL光阴极注入器驱动激光器的实验

在高功率自由电子激光初级实验装置（CFEL）研究中，驱动激光直接照射光阴极而发射电子，其性能将在很大程度上决定注入器乃至整个自由电子激光实验系统的性能：如电子束微脉冲宽度、电子束微脉冲流强、电子束微脉冲峰值抖动等。文中针对CFEL初期研究目标（3～8μm）对光阴极注入器的要求，对光阴极RF腔注入器的驱动激光器进行了方案设计，提出了驱动激光器的参数要求。根据方案进行了工程实施，购置了锁模激光器和时间同步器，放大与倍频系统正在研制当中。     

Study on optical electron polarimeter and measurement of the relative Stokes parameters of weak light

In this paper, we present the research on an optical electron polarimeter, which is used to determine the polarization of an incident electron beam by measuring the relative Stokes parameters of the fluorescence emitted from the He gas following the impact excitation with the electron beam. The fundamental theory of the optical electron polarimeter is discussed with the 3³P→2³S transition of He. The structure and performance of the instrument are described, which are different in some aspects from previous works. The arrangement of the experiment for measuring the relative Stokes parameters of linearly polarized weak light is also investigated, which actually involves the same processes as the polarization measurement with the incident electron beam. The results obtained are in agreement with the theoretical prediction.     

多角度偏振辐射计系统设计与实现

多角度和偏振遥感可解决传统遥感所不能解决的大气探测和目标识别等方面的问题。为实现气溶胶偏振信息的多角度探测,提出了一种新型的多角度偏振辐射计。该辐射计可以在多个角度上测量大气的偏振光谱信息,为大气光学和微物理特性的高精度反演提供重要的实测数据源。作为航天载荷的原理样机,多角度偏振辐射计的光机系统由多路并行望远光学模块组成,可在110°视场范围内,以0.5°间隔实现偏振信息的多角度探测;采集控制与数据传输系统由双控制核心和高速接口组成,大大提高了系统的并行处理能力和数据传输速度,可在高速运动的平台上实现多路偏振光谱信息的同步采集与实时传输,避免了由平台移动和信号的异步采集引入的误差。航飞试验结果表明,多角度偏振辐射计可实现气溶胶偏振信息的高精度探测。     

Experimental study on helium optical electron polarimetry

Optical electron polarimetry is suitable for calibration of a spin-polarized electron source, especially for measurement of polarization of spin-polarized electron beam. In this paper, a new optical electron polarimeter is described, which is based on the circularly polarized He radiation induced by the bombarding of He atoms with spin-polarized electrons. The theoretical basis of the optical electron polarimetry and the structure of the optical electron polarimeter are discussed. The measurement of polarization of spin-polarized electrons produced from a new GaAs （100） spin-polarized electron source is carried out. The result of polarization of 30.8% for our spin-polarized electron source is obtained using the He optical electron polarimeter.     

On the Project of Modernization and Improvement of the REVERANS Reflectometer at the PIK Reactor

The main directions of development of the project on the modernization and improvement of the REVERANS reflectometer, which is proposed to be installed at the PIK reactor (REVERANS-2), are described. They include the substitution of magnetic materials in instrument construction and the replacement of the autonomous table for samples; the equipment of the instrument with a polarimeter to measure the polarization components of incident and reflected neutron beams; and replacement of the electronics and mechanisms for moving the platforms. The REVERANS-2 parameters expected after modernization are given.     

一种基于旋转1/4波片法的激光偏振度测量仪

为了满足光的偏振特性测量要求,设计了一套激光偏振度测量仪。该装置利用旋转1/4波片对光波进行调制,通过对调制信号进行傅里叶分析获得光源的偏振度。利用测量光功率的方式对激光偏振度测量仪的偏振度进行校准,实验结果表明,所研制的激光偏振度测量仪测量精度优于0.5%,满足高精度激光偏振度测量需求。     

虚拟仪器技术及其在超声测量中的应用

虚拟仪器是电子技术,测量技术和计算机技术共同发展的产物。本文介绍了虚拟仪器的基本概念、虚拟仪器的一般结构,虚拟仪器的优点和特点。文中还了作者应用虚拟仪器思想在超声测量上所做的工作一岩土工程质量检测分析仪,最后探讨了它的应用前景。     

A new multi-channel heterodyne polarimeter for plasma current and electron density measurements

A spatially-scanning phase-sensitive heterodyne far-infrared (FIR) polarimeter/interferometer for measurement of plasma current and electron densities is described. The instrument utilizes a rotating diffraction grating wheel for the dual purpose of spatially scanning the plasma cross section and providing a Doppler frequency offset for heterodyne detection purposes. Only two detectors are required to obtain accurate interferometric and polarimetric information for 15 discrete spatial chords. A novel approach to the optical processing of the initially linearly polarized probe beam allows the Faraday rotation of the vibrational ellipse to be unambiguously encoded as a phase modulation on the intermediate frequency carrier signals extracted from the two detectors. The plasma birefringence can be recovered from the corresponding amplitude modulation.     

Mott散射和电子极化术

文章回顾了Mott散射过程及其物理图像，介绍了Sherman函数的定义、计算和测量，简述了探测自旋极化电子的仪器——Mott电子极化仪的一般设计，列举了获得自由极化电子的几种方法和原理．     

Passive magnetic shielded spin polarized electron source with optical electron polarimeter

A new GaAs(100) spin polarized electron source with an optical polarimeter, which is employed in the field of polarized electron and gas atom collision, is presented in detail. The apparatus is passive-magnetic-shielded by a box and a cylinder made of nickel--iron--molybdenum soft magnetic alloy without Helmholtz coil arrangement. And a uniformly distributed residual magnetic field of less than 5×10^-7,T is obtained near the collision area. The spin polarized electron beam is transmitted and focused onto collision point from photocathode by a set of electron optics with more than 25% transmission 95cm distance through an 1mm diameter aperture. Construction and operation of the apparatus, such as vacuum and magnetic shielding system, photocathode, laser optics, electron optics and polarimeter are discussed. The polarization of the spin polarized electron beam is determined to be 30.8\pm3.5% measured with a He optical polarimeter.     

Fast polarimetry system for the application to spin quantum non-demolition measurement

We report the development of a fast pulse polarimeter for the application to quantum non-demolition measurement of atomic spin (spin QND). The developed system was tunable to the atomic resonance of a ytterbium atom and has narrow laser line width suitable for spin QND. Using the developed polarimeter, we successfully demonstrated the measurement of the vacuum noise, with 10⁶ to 10⁷ photon number per pulse. PACS 42.25.Ja; 42.50.Lc; 42.55.Px