利用气相色谱/质谱-化学计量学分辨法分析川芎挥发性成分

采用加速溶剂萃取法提取挥发性成分,气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用分析,并借助化学计量学分辨方法,对川芎的挥发性成分进行了定性定量分析。通过采用子窗口因子分析法对重叠色谱峰进行分辨,从而获得每一组分的纯色谱和质谱。依靠每一组分纯质谱在NIST质谱库进行相似性检索而定性分析,用总体积积分法进行定量分析。在川芎挥发油中共分辨出67个色谱峰,通过质谱库检索得到其中56个组分的定性定量结果,占总含量的87.67%。该方法增加了可鉴定化合物的数目,提高了定性的准确度,能用于川芎的质量控制。     

大叶桉叶挥发油的化学成分研究

用挥发油提取器提取大叶桉干叶中的挥发油,利用色质联用(GC/MS)产生的双线性数据,藉化学计量学分辨方法,得到了各组分的纯物质色谱峰和质谱图。根据色谱保留时间,同时利用解析所得的纯物质质谱图在NIST质谱数据库进行相似检索来对各个组分进行定性分析;采用色谱峰面积归一法计算各化合物的相对含量。共分离了113个化合物,鉴定了其中90个,占总挥发油的93.28%。主要为萜类、萜醇类等化合物,还成功地检测出一些色谱分离不完全和低含量的组分。     

GC-MS与正交投影法或渐进窗口正交投影法用于羌活挥发油成分的测定

中药化学组成的定性定量测定是药物活性理论的基础,联用色谱及其相关的化学计量学方法为中药复杂体系的分离和分辨提供了强有力的工具.采用GC-MS法对传统中药羌活中的挥发油成分进行了分离测定,并对其中重叠色谱峰根据其重叠程度,采用迭代的正交投影法(OPA)和非迭代的渐进窗口正交投影法(EWOP)进行了分辨,得到每个组分的纯色谱和光谱曲线,共分辨出98个色谱峰,通过质谱库检索得到其中65个组分的定性定量结果,占总含量的92.13%.     

用熵最小算法解析桂郁金挥发油GC-MS重叠谱

采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术对桂郁金中提取的挥发油成分进行检测,同时用熵最小算法对其中的共流物色谱峰进行解析,并通过质谱库检索和程序升温保留指数相结合的方式对解析得到的各纯组分进行定性分析。将桂郁金挥发油各组分的质谱数据直接与美国国家标准及技术研究所(NIST)数据库进行比对,鉴定出38个化合物;在挥发油的色谱图中,存在一些因分离不完全而导致的共流物色谱峰,以保留时间为1 106.52~1 108.38 s及1 184 s的色谱峰为例,经熵最小算法解析,共发现5个纯组分。采用熵最小算法可以清楚地对共流物色谱峰进行解析并得到所包含的各个纯组分,该法可提高复杂成分定性定量分析结果的准确性。     

平胃散挥发性成分的研究(Ⅱ)--厚朴挥发油的GC/MS分析

利用色质联用（GC／MS）技术对复方制剂平胃散中的单味药材厚朴的挥发油成分进行测定,基于直观推导式演进特征投影（HELP）法对产生的二维色谱／质谱数据进行分辨,得到各个组分的纯色谱曲线和质谱,根据色谱保留时间和纯质谱在质谱库中进行相似检索以实现对组分的定性,然后采用总休整积分法进行定量,本文分离出98个组分,其中鉴定了44个组分,约占其挥发油总量的58．74％。     

兴安落叶松针叶挥发油的GC-MS和启发渐进式特征投影法分析

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取兴安落叶松针叶挥发油,利用气相色谱.质谱(GC-MS)联用对挥发油进行成分测定,并对其重叠色谱峰采用启发渐进式特征投影(HELP)法进行分辨,得到各组分的纯色谱峰和质谱,然后采用峰面积归一化法确定各化合物的相对含量.共分离出110种化合物,鉴定了70种化合物,占挥发油总量的93.09%,其中单萜、倍半萜和二萜的含量分别为31.92%、53.29%和6.91%.     

中药药对的化学成分研究川芎-赤芍挥发油的GC/MS分析

中药药对是复方的最小组成单位,具有中药配伍的基本特点. 药对化学是复方化学的核心内容. 联用色谱和化学计量学方法为中药复杂体系的分离与分辨提供了强有力的工具. 采用GC-MS法分离测定中药药对川芎-赤芍、 单味药川芎和赤芍的挥发油成分,并对其中的重叠色谱峰采用化学计量学解析方法(CRM)进行分辨,得到药对和各单味药的纯色谱曲线和质谱图,药对川芎-赤芍、 单味药川芎和赤芍分别分辨出82,78和57个色谱峰,通过质谱库对分辨的纯组分进行定性,分别得到61,52和33个定性结果,占总含量的90.18%,95.14%和95.82%.     

GC-MS结合保留指数对中药挥发油的定性

利用GC-MS联用和化学计量学方法,对6种中药挥发油进行分析,对其中的重叠色谱峰采用直观推导式演进特征投影法(HELP)法进行了分辨,同时计算了各组分的程序升温保留指数,通过质谱库定性.得到共有成分32个.结果表明,保留指数有很好的重复性,可与质谱库结合用作物质的定性.     

陈皮挥发油的气相色谱/质谱分析

用ＧＣ／ＭＳ分析复方制剂平胃散中的一种单味药材陈皮的挥发油化学成分及其相对含量,对色质联用仪产生的二维数据借助直观推导式演进特征投影法来分辨以得到组分的纯色谱和质谱,根据组分的色谱保留时间和质谱对组分进行定性,继而用总体积积分法定量。本文分离出５３个组分,其中鉴定了３４个组分,约占其挥发油总量的９６．０８％。     

转换移动窗口因子分析法用于中药组合前后成分变化分析

以正十四烷为内标,采用气相色谱-质谱(GC/MS)联用技术对中药甘草(GUF)、甘遂(EKL)单味药材,以及其组成的药对(GUF-EKL)的挥发成分进行测定,基于一种新的化学计量学方法——转换移动窗口因子分析法(AMWFA)和直观推导式演进特征投影法(HELP)对产生的二维色谱/质谱数据同时进行分辨和解析,获取各个组分的纯色谱曲线和质谱,根据分辨得到的纯质谱在质谱库中进行相似检索以实现对组分的定性。利用AMWFA对组合前后的成分进行归属分析,然后采用面积归一法进行定量。分别在甘草、甘遂及其药对中鉴定出52、51和63个成分,占各自挥发油成分的84%、90%和75%。     

磷酸三(2-氯乙基)酯标准物质的研制

研制了有机磷阻燃剂磷酸三(2-氯乙基)酯(TCEP)标准物质。采用硅胶柱层析法对TCEP原料进行纯化,得到纯度大于99%的TCEP纯品。通过红外光谱和气相色谱–质谱准确定性分析后,利用气相色谱法和气相色谱–质谱法结合热重分析法分别对TCEP纯物质进行纯度定值。将制备的50 g TCEP纯品分装到100个小瓶中,每瓶0.5g,从中随机选取10瓶,进行均匀性和稳定性实验,结果表明,研制的TCEP标准物质均匀性良好,在半年内是稳定的。研制的有机磷阻燃剂磷酸三(2-氯乙基)酯标准物质的纯度定值为99.56%,扩展不确定度为1.18%(k=2)。研制的磷酸三(2-氯乙基)酯标准物质满足国家二级标准物质标准的要求。     

High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of carboxylic acids in pyroligneous liquors

The qualitative and quantitative analysis of carboxylic acids present in pyroligneous liquors was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The method was essentially based on the derivatization of the various acids with p-bromophenacyl bromide. Results are reported for analyses performed on pyroligneous liquors obtained from aspen poplar (Populus tremuloides) and pure cellulose.     

HELP法在中草药分析中的应用研究-冬虫夏草的化学成分测定

基于直观推导式演进特征投影（ＨＥＬＰ）法,对冬虫夏草子座和虫体分别进行了多组分同时定性定量测定．结果表明,ＨＥＬＰ法能减少样本提取分离的步骤,降低色谱分离条件的要求,提高检测准确度．联用色谱检测与化学计量学解析法相结合将为复杂中草药分析提供一种全新手段     

Analysis of the essential oils of Coriandrum sativum Using GC-MS coupled with chemometric resolution methods

The essential oils extracted from Coriandrum sativum L. were analyzed by GC-MS coupled with chemometric resolution methods. Through the chemometric resolution methods, peak clusters were uniquely resolved into the pure chromatographic profiles and mass spectra of each component. Qualitative analysis was performed by comparing the pure mass spectra with those in the NIST 05 mass spectral library. Quantitative analysis was performed using the total volume integration method. A total of 118 constituents were detected, of which 104 were identified, accounting for 97.27% of the total content. The results indicate that GC-MS combined with chemometric resolution methods can greatly enhance the capability of separation and the reliability of qualitative and quantitative results. The combined method is an economical and accurate approach for the rapid analysis of the complex essential oil samples in Coriandrum sativum L.     

Anomales Verhalten polychlorierter alicyclischer Ketone bei Gas-Chromatographie und Gas-Chromatographie/Massenspektrometrie

The formation of chlorinated phenols during the analysis of chromatographically pure polychloroalicyclic ketones by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was observed. Also in the mass spectra obtained by direct inlet, the presence of small amounts of chlorophenols was detected. The reasons of the formation of chlorophenols are discussed and qualitative and quantitative results obtained are interpreted.     

Quantification of analytes in overlapping peaks from capillary electrophoresis using multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares methods

Application of multivariate curve resolution with alternating least squares (ALS) methods to second-order data from capillary electrophoresis diode array detector (CE-DAD) is shown. Second-order data are easily obtained by setting individual data matrix of CE run one in top of the other. Initial qualitative solutions obtained by evolving factor analysis can be further optimized by simultaneous analysis of multiple electrophoresis run data with ALS regression. Quantification is achieved by the comparison of the analyte peak areas with that of pure standards. During the ALS regression procedure, the following constraints were applied: (i) both concentrations and unit pure spectra of the resolved components must be positive; (ii) elution profiles have an unimodal shape; (iii) correspondence exists between common species in the different data matrices; (iv) the pure spectrum of each species is the same in all runs where it is present. The above methods were applied for the determination of dinitrotoluene (DNT) isomeric compounds in overlapping peaks from CE.     

Resolution and identification of the acidic fraction of a petroleum ether extract ofRadix Rehmanniae Preparata by an evolving chemometric approach

Summary An evolving approach is described for analyzing the acidic components of a petroleum ether extract of Radix Rehmanniae Preparata. The latter was extracted, separated and derivatized. The subsequent separation of the individual components was characterized by GC-MS. The two-way data were resolved into a pure chromatogram and a mass spectrum of each chemical component. The reliability and accuracy of the qualitative results were greatly improved and the degree of the chromatographic separation could be enhanced to a certain extent. This enabled the analysis of complicated practical systems by hyphenated instruments and these advanced methods.     

3-己炔-2, 5-二醇在镍电极上电还原反应研究

采用化学计量学中新近发展的二维数据分辨方法,直观推导式演进特征投影(HELP)算法,对3-己炔-2,5-二醇在镍电极上的电还原反应得到的混合物进行了定性定量研究,得到了各组分的纯物质质谱及浓度变化曲线,且可以得到反应动力学的合理解释。说明借助化学计量学可大大扩展色质联用分析的应用范畴。