SINS/SAR/北斗组合导航系统

针对SINS/SAR/北斗组合导航系统中,图像匹配定位和北斗定位具有一定延迟的问题进行研究.首先,提出了采用曲线拟合的方法解决量测滞后问题.然后,在联邦滤波理论的基础上,研究并给出了一种基于故障检测函数的信息分配新方法.最后,将以上两种方法运用到SINS/SAR/北斗组合导航系统中进行了计算仿真.仿真结果表明:采用曲线拟合的方法和动态调整信息分配系数的方法后,可使系统位置误差由几十米减小为几米,并提高了系统的抗干扰能力.     

SINS/GPS/CNS 组合导航联邦滤波算法

针对飞行器在长航时高速巡航过程中,捷联惯性导航系统存在误差漂移,GPS 导航可能会丢星、信号失锁,天文导航系统易受环境干扰,组合系统模型线性化误差易导致滤波发散等问题,分析了三种导航系统的优缺点,提出了 SINS/GPS/CNS 组合导航联邦滤波算法,该算法可以取长补短,巧妙地将 GPS 定位和天文导航定姿精度高的优势辅助于捷联惯导系统,利用卡尔曼联邦滤波器对捷联惯导系统进行误差估计,并对联邦滤波算法进行了有效的改进.计算机仿真显示,该滤波器收敛速度快,具有一定的容错功能,其滤波精度较 SINS/GPS 组合导航系统在位置误差和速度误差上均有约5%左右的小幅提升,在平台角误差上更是提高了一个数量级.仿真结果验证了该组合导航方案的可行性和算法的有效性,有重要的工程应用价值.     

基于INS/GPS/CNS组合系统的高精度测姿方法

为改善INS/CNS/GPS组合导航系统输出姿态信息的稳定性,解决传统FKF算法非线性条件下姿态精度发散的问题,提出了一种基于UKF的FKF滤波算法;同时为解决各系统间时间信息不同步造成姿态精度下降的问题,提出了一种工程上可用的时间同步方案,同步精度优于0.5 ms。在实验室条件下,利用INS/GPS/CNS样机和高精度三轴转台搭建验证系统进行摇摆试验,试验结果表明,提出的方法可实现姿态误差值变化在5%以内条件下系统稳定工作一天以上。     

GPS/INS/TRN组合导航系统信息融合技术研究

本文提出了一种基于信息融合技术的巡航导弹组合导航系统方案,并对系统组合方式、 以及相关的信息融合技术进行了初步讨论。基于信息融合的组合导航方案可以充分地利用各 种导航传感器的信息,有效地提高导航系统的精度。同时,系统的重构能力保证了系统的可靠 性。     

信息融合技术在INS/GPS/DVL组合导航中的应用研究

为克服某船载导航系统不能满足长时间高精度导航定位需要的缺点,提出了一种基于信息融合技术的INS/GPS/DVL联邦滤波器组合导航方案.介绍了INS/GPS/DVL联邦滤波器的工作模式,在建立INS、GPS和DVL误差模型的基础上,推导了滤波器的组合形式,并详细阐述了该联邦滤波器的融合算法.通过计算机仿真技术分析了该组合导航系统的性能,仿真证明了所设计的联邦滤波器可以充分利用各种导航传感器的信息,提高导航系统的精度,比单独的惯性导航系统能提供更为精确的位置、速度和姿态信息,有效地提高了导航系统的综合能力.     

Galileo E1/E5/E6数字中频信号仿真

新伽利略系统计划提供E1、E5和E6导航信号服务于民用导航、商业服务和生命安全服务领域,预计导航性能将大幅提升.本文旨在设计一种基于软件的伽利略E1/E5/E6中频信号发生器以模拟未来的伽利略导航系统.首先简要概述了伽利略信号及其在无线电频段的分布,包括E1、E5和E6信号的信号结构和特点.然后对仿真系统的组成进行了详细描述并通过Matlab软件进行仿真,重点分析了所有导航信号的功率谱密度(PSD).结果表明该仿真系统可为伽利略接收机的设计和测试提供可控信号源.     

车载挠性SINS/GPS组合导航系统研究

本文介绍了一种实用车载挠性ＳＩＮＳ／ＧＰＳ组合导航系统的软、硬件组成。针对挠性动调陀螺和伺服加速度计的随机漂移问题,提出多项式拟合补偿的思想,并在此基础上设计了基于ＵＤＵＴ 分解的卡尔曼滤波器。通过实验室组合导航实验,验证了多项式补偿和组合方案的有效性,同时也说明了该系统是一种具有较高性能价格比的实用陆地战车导航系统。     

基于高斯过程的中心差分卡尔曼滤波在BDS/INS组合导航中的应用

针对扩展卡尔曼滤波器在BDS/INS组合导航系统模型不确定时精度下降的问题,提出了一种基于高斯过程的中心差分卡尔曼滤波算法(GP-CDKF)。在训练数据有限的情况下,用中心差分卡尔曼滤波(CDKF)来估计组合导航系统的状态向量;同时高斯过程可以考虑CDKF中的噪声和不确定性。因此,将高斯过程引入到CDKF中,可以进一步提升导航性能。试验结果表明,GP-CDKF与CDKF算法相比,东向、北向位置误差分别降低16.4%、57.1%,东向、北向速度误差分别降低15.9%、23.3%,说明GP-CDKF算法在动态系统状态估计方面优于CDKF算法。将GP-CDKF应用于BDS/INS组合导航系统中,可以有效提高导航性能。     

UKF在深组合GPS/INS导航系统中的应用

采用联邦滤波的深组合GPS/INS导航系统预滤波器量测模型具有很强的非线性,导致扩展卡尔曼滤波（EKF）的预滤波器估计精度不高。Unscented卡尔曼滤波（UKF）方法是一种非线性分布近似方法,它使用有限数量的sigma点去逼近整个非线性动态系统的分布可能,从而避免了对非线性测量模型进行线性化,具有较高的精度和较好的鲁棒性。在分析深组合导航系统预滤波器模型和UKF原理的基础上,设计了基于UKF滤波算法的预滤波器,对码相位误差、载波相位误差、载波频率误差、载波频率变化率等参数进行估计,同时将UKF和EKF算法进行了仿真比较。结果表明,在深组合导航系统中使用UKF滤波比EKF有更高的导航定位精度。     

光纤惯导／多普勒雷达／气压高度表组合导航半实物仿真

设计军用飞机的自主导航系统是军用飞机的一项关键技术.捷联惯导/多普勒雷达/气压高度表组合导航方法虽然在理论上已较完善,但在具体工程实现中却存在诸多问题.针对实际工程要求,分析并建立了一种适用于飞机的低成本光纤惯导/多普勒雷达/气压高度表组合导航系统方案并对该实际系统进行了多次闭合与非闭合路线的跑车试验,对试验结果的分析表明,该方案是有效的,系统能够有效地抑制惯导位置误差随时间积累而发散的趋势,满足实际导航要求.之后针对实际工程中遇到的问题,分析并提出了影响光纤惯导/多普勒雷达/气压高度表组合导航系统性能的主要因素是Doppler雷达、光纤惯导同机体间的安装误差以及组合导航系统中航向角误差的结论.     

Group properties of utt=[F(u)ux]x

The group properties and the associated Lie algebra are developed for the subject quasilinear wave equation, for arbitrary f[fεC²(R), f > 0, f ≠ 0]. From the resulting information sets of explicit invariant solutions are constructed for wave propagation in gases and for the transonic equation.     

Exact solution of the non-linear differential equation RR̈ + 32R2 − AR−4 + B = 0

The non-linear equation $\text{R}\text{R}\text{?}\text{+}\text{3}\text{2}\text{R}{}^2\text{- AR}{}^{\mathrm{?4}}\text{+ B = 0}$ is shown to represent simply periodic motion with a minimum at R₁ and a maximum at R₁R₀ or a maximum at R₁ and a minimum at R₁R₀^?1. R₀ is a function of the ratio $\text{A}\text{B}$ and is greater than 1 for $\text{A}\text{B}$ > 1 and less than 1 for $\text{A}\text{B}$ > 1. The period of the motion satisfies the simple relation T(R₀^?1) = R₀^?1T(R₀). The exact solution to the above equation is represented in terms of elliptic integrals of the first and second kinds and a simple algebraic function.     

Explicit expressions of S(v), H(v) and L(v) for anisotropic elastic materials

The three matrices L(v), S(v) and H(v), appearing frequently in the investigations of the two-dimensional steady state motions of elastic solids, are expressed explicitly in terms of the elastic stiffness for general anisotropic materials. The special cases of monoclinic materials with a plane of symmetry at x₃ = 0, x₁ = 0, and x₂ = 0 are all deduced. Results for orthotropic materials appearing in the literature may be recovered from the present explicit expressions.     

惯导／GNSS／罗兰C／航姿系统组合导航方案

为保证飞行器的导航精度及可靠性,采用了惯导/GNSS/罗兰C/航姿系统的组合导航。该组合导航采用开环组合方式,将多系统导航信息在计算机中进行综合,提高导航信息精度。仿真试验结果说明,所设计的组合导航系统是可行的,能满足任务要求。     

Phase portraits and bifurcations of the non-linear oscillator: ẍ + (α + γx2 + βx + δx3 = 0

The non-linear oscillator ? + αx + γx²x + βx + δx³ = 0 is studied using the methods of differentiable dynamics to obtain qualitative behaviour. The case x, β<0; γ, δ> 0 is considered in some detail; it has physical relevance as a simple model in certain now-induced structural vibration problems in which the structural non-linearities act to maintain overall stability. The presence of local and global bifurcations is detected and their physical significance discussed.     

Rheology/morphology/flow conditions relationships for polymethylmethacrylate/rubber blend

Viscoelastic behavior, phase morphology and flow conditions relationships in polymer/rubber blends have been investigated. The importance of such correlations is illustrated on polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)/rubber blends subjected to different flow conditions both under small and large deformations. In small-amplitude oscillatory shear (the morphology does not change during the flow) the elastic modulus G of the concentrated blends shows a secondary plateau, G _p , in the low frequency region. This solid-like behavior appears for rubber particle contents beyond the percolation threshold concentration (15%). Morphological observations revealed that for concentrations higher than 15%, the particles are dispersed in a three-dimensional network-type structure.In capillary flow it was found that the network-type structure was destroyed and replaced by an alignment of particles in the flow direction. This morphological modification resulted in a decrease in both viscosity and post-extrusion swell of the blends. Morphological observations revealed that the ordered structure in the flow direction was concentrated only in the skin region of the extrudate, where the shear stress is higher than the secondary plateau, G _p . A simple kinetic mechanism is proposed to explain the observed morphology.Similarly, steady shear measurements performed in the cone-and-plate geometry revealed alignment of particles in the flow direction for shear stress values higher than G_p.Presented in part at the Symposium Recent Developments in Structured Continua Montréal (Canada) 26–28 May 1993 and at the 45th Canadian Chemical Engineering Conference, Quebec, October 15–18 (1995)     

溅射沉积WSx/Ni/a-C/Ni多层膜的微结构及大气环境摩擦学性能

采用磁控溅射技术在硅基体上交替沉积WS₂、Ni及非晶碳(a-C)层制备出不同Ni层厚度的WS_x/Ni/a-C/Ni多层膜. 利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、拉曼光谱仪、X射线光电子能谱仪等研究了多层膜的成分及微观结构;通过纳米压痕仪、划痕仪和球盘式摩擦磨损试验机等评价了薄膜的力学及大气环境中的摩擦学性能. 结果表明:随着Ni层厚度的增加,WS_x/Ni/a-C/Ni多层膜的致密度下降,n_s/n_w值(S与W原子百分数之比)由0.84降至0.73,WS_x层以微晶或非晶的形式存在. 多层膜的硬度和磨损率均随Ni层厚度的增加先降低后升高,但摩擦系数由0.22升至0.38,结合力先增大后减小. Ni层厚度为6 nm的多层膜的硬度可达13.4 GPa,抗氧化性能和耐磨性最优,磨损率仅为9.47×10–14 m3/(Nm).      

机翼-机身-挂架-短舱复杂流场数值模拟

本文采用分区搭接网格技术,对机翼/机身/挂架/短舱复杂组合体进行网格分布,通过分析计算网格对结果的影响,探讨了网格的划分.基于Roe的近似黎曼解的方法,采用S-A湍流模型,通过求解N-S方程,对该组合体外流场/发动机短舱内流场进行一体化数值模拟,与相应风洞实验数据进行了比较与分析,取得了与实验数据较为吻合的结果.与无发动机短舱的组合体的气动特性进行比较,分析了短舱对翼身组合体的气动干扰.     

On free energy-based formulations for kinematic hardening and the decomposition F = fpfe

Within the framework of linear plasticity, based on additive decomposition of the linear strain tensor, kinematical hardening can be described by means of extended potentials. The method is elegant and avoids the need for evolution equations. The extension of small strain formulations to the finite strain case, which is based on the multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient into elastic and inelastic parts, proved not straight forward. Specifically, the symmetry of the resulting back stress remained elusive. In this paper, a free energy-based formulation incorporating the effect of kinematic hardening is proposed. The formulation is able to reproduce symmetric expressions for the back stress while incorporating the multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient. Kinematic hardening is combined with isotropic hardening where an associative flow rule and von Mises yield criterion are applied. It is shown that the symmetry of the back stress is strongly related to its treatment as a truly spatial tensor, where contraction operations are to be conducted using the current metric. The latter depends naturally on the deformation gradient itself. Various numerical examples are presented.