Nan(5≤n≤10)小团簇相变

采用紧束缚的分子动力学模型,对Nan(5≤n≤10)小团簇的键长涨落、势能、热容量等熔化性质在50 K～1500 K温区进行了模拟研究,结果表明:它们发生两次相变,一种在230 K～300 K的温度范围内,依次有块体玻璃态转变;一种在550 K～870 K温度段,依次经历了熔化相变.同时也得到随着团簇体系的减小,势能由下向上排列的曲线,即体系的势能由低变高.     

La_(0.67)Ca_(0.33)Mn_(1-x)Cr_xO_3(0.0≤x≤0.15)中异常的CMR效应

我们研究了Mn位掺Cr体系La0 .67Ca0 .33Mn1-xCrxO3( 0 .0≤x≤ 0 .15)的磁性和磁电阻性质 ,发现Cr掺杂对居里温度Tc 影响不明显 ,但是导致了反常的电输运和磁电阻行为 ,随着Cr含量的增加 ,起始电阻率峰向低温移动 ,同时电阻率出现一个附加峰 .在磁场作用下 ,两个电阻率峰被强烈压缩 ,导致CMR效应中出现双峰 ,并且CMR效应的温区被极大地拓宽 ,从低温直到接近室温 .这个结果表明 :Mn位元素替代是调节CMR效应的有效方法 .     

Mn_(1-x)Zn_xCr_2O_4(0.0≤x≤1.0)晶体结构与磁性研究

通过固相反应法制备了尖晶石氧化物Mn1-xZnxCr2O4(0.0≤x≤1.0)多晶系列样品,并对其晶体结构和磁性进行了系统研究.研究结果表明,系列样品具有立方尖晶石结构,随Zn掺杂浓度x增大,晶格常数单调减小,体系的阻挫因子逐渐增大.低温下MnCr2O4表现为共线亚铁磁和螺旋亚铁磁的共存.当x≤0.4时,随着x增大,4.5T磁场下所测量的磁化强度逐渐减小,矫顽力逐渐增大,表明体系中的螺旋亚铁磁成分逐渐增多.随着x进一步增加,样品x=0.6和0.8表现为自旋玻璃态特征,最终在x=1.0时转变为强阻挫的反铁磁态.     

用X射线旋进照相研究(Bi_(2-x)Pb_x)Sr_2CuO_y(0.1≤x≤0.6)晶体结构

关键词：     

Spin-reorientation, ferroelectricity, and magnetodielectric effect in YFe(1-x)Mn(x)O3(0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.40)

We report the observation of magnetoelectric and magnetodielectric effects at different temperatures in Mn-substituted yttrium orthoferrite, YFe(1-x)Mn(x)O(3)(0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.40). Substitution of Mn in antiferromagnetic YFeO(3)(T(N) = 640 K) induces a first-order spin-reorientation transition at a temperature, T(SR), which increases with x whereas the Néel temperature (T(N)) decreases. While the magnetodielectric effect occurs at T(SR) and T(N), the ferroelectricity appears rather at low temperatures. The origin of magnetodielectric effect is attributed to spin-phonon coupling as evidenced from the temperature dependence of Raman phonon modes. The large magnetocapacitance (18% at 50 kOe) near T(SR) = 320 K and high ferroelectric transition temperature (～115 K) observed for x = 0.4 suggest routes to enhance magnetoelectric effect near room temperature for practical applications.     

(CoAl)n (1 ≤ n ≤ 6)合金团簇的结构、稳定性和磁性理论研究

采用密度泛函理论中的广义梯度近似 (DFT-GGA)对(CoAl)n (1≤n≤6)合金团簇的几何、电子结构和磁性进行了系统的研究。计算结果表明(CoAl)n (1≤n≤6)合金团簇在基态附近出现许多能量十分接近的低能量态，有能量简并态存在，表现出经典的过渡金属密堆积结构；同时在(CoAl)5和(CoAl)6团簇中，有磁性双稳态存在。合金团簇的结合能随着团簇尺寸的增大而增大。CoAl团簇获得了最大的带隙，表现出强的化学惰性，带隙在n>3之后出现明显的奇偶变化规律，且整体呈下降趋势，这种现象源于团簇中共价键、离子键的相互竞争。(CoAl)n ( 1≤n≤6)的总磁矩随尺寸大小呈半梯形状的变化趋势，其中CoAl团簇的磁矩为2 μB，(CoAl)2，(CoAl)3 磁矩为4μB，(CoAl)4，(CoAl)5，(CoAl)6 为6μB，这种磁性变化规律在文中也从磁序排列、电荷转移以及自旋极化等方面进行了详细讨论。     

Structural deformations in metastable cubic compounds Ni(1 − x)Zn x O (0.60 ≤ x ≤ 0.99)

X-ray diffraction has been used for studying the fine crystal structure of metastable cubic oxide compounds Ni_{(1 ? x)}Zn _x O (0.60 ≤ x ≤ 0.99) obtained from the initial hexagonal phase by quenching of the samples at a high temperature and under external hydrostatic pressure. It has been found that the diffraction patterns of these compounds include a system of diffuse superstructure maxima, whose number and intensity essentially depend on the composition. The origin of this superstructure has been discussed.     

半Heusler型Na_(1-x)Cs_xAlGe(0≤x≤1)合金能带反转结构的研究

采用第一性原理的计算方法,研究了全部由轻元素构成的半Heusler型NaAlGe合金中,掺杂元素对合金拓扑能带结构的影响.发现利用同族的Cs元素掺杂替换Na元素,能够诱导Na1-x Csx AlGe合金的能带结构由原本正常带序(0 x0.125)转换为反转带序(0.125 x 1).基于对这一现象的深入讨论,我们提出在几乎没有自旋-轨道耦合作用的材料中,掺杂元素(Cs)是通过其离子半径的不同,进而影响晶格参数变化导致另外两种近邻原子间杂化作用发生变化,来诱导拓扑反带结构形成的.     

Eu~(3+)离子激活荧光粉Ca_(1.9)Eu_(0.1)NaMg_(2-x)Zn_x(VO_4)_3(0≤x≤1)的发光性质

采用固相反应法合成了Eu~(3+)离子激活的Ca_(1.9)Eu_(0.1)NaMg_(2-x)Zn_x(VO_4)_3(0≤x≤1),并研究了其发光和热猝灭性能。经粉末X射线衍射确认,反应产物由目标相和微量杂质相EuVO_4构成。在355 nm激发下,样品中均能同时观察到来自[VO_4]_3-基团和Eu~(3+)离子的特征发光。研究结果表明:随着x值的增加,上述两种发光的强度均先增加后降低;而它们的最强激发峰位置由347 nm逐渐地红移至356 nm,Stokes位移也逐渐地减小。这种现象应归因于Zn3d轨道和O2p轨道间很强的轨道杂化效应,这种效应随着x值的增加而逐渐增强。此外,Eu~(3+)离子荧光发射强度最大值对应的x值与自激活荧光的不同。当x=1.0时,两者的相对强度差别最大。经荧光热猝灭测试确认,上述现象是由样品中的自激活荧光表现出比Eu~(3+)离子荧光更严重的荧光热猝灭造成的。因而,在紫外光激发下,样品发出荧光的颜色具有温度敏感性。     

Atomic structure of Pdn (4 ≤ n ≤ 15) nanoclusters

The results of molecular dynamics simulation of the process of atom-by-atom growth of palladium nanoparticles are presented. The structures obtained for the Pd _n clusters agree well with the results of the first-principles calculations. The low-symmetry atomic configurations for the structure of the Pd₄ and Pd₁₃ clusters have been obtained using the semiempirical potentials of the interatomic interaction for the first time.     

(Nd1-x Erx)3 Fe25 Cr4.0(0≤x≤1.0)化合物的结构与磁性

合成了 (Nd1 -xErx) 3Fe2 5Cr4 . 0 (0≤x≤ 1 .0 )系列化合物并采用x射线衍射和磁测量等手段研究了它们的结构和磁性 .发现当 0≤x≤ 0 . 8时化合物保持Nd3(Fe,Ti) 2 9型结构 ,属于单斜晶系 ,A2 m空间群 ,当 0 8相似文献   

Nin(n≤8)团簇的结构

用高斯程序的B3LYP交换相关函数和全电子基组DGDZVP、TZVP优化Ni_n、Ni_n⁺和Ni_n^-(n=2~8),得到这些体系的基态几何构型、离化能、电子亲和能及键能.结果表明:Ni₂,Ni₃,Ni₄,Ni₅和Ni₆团簇的基态分别是5,7,9,11和13重态.表明:Ni₂,Ni₃,Ni₄,Ni₅和Ni₆团簇中分别有4,6,8,10和12个平行自旋的电子,在每一个Ni_n团簇中非耦合的电子最多,这些电子占据不同的轨道,导致每一个Ni_n团簇的能量最小,说明在这些Ni_n团簇中电子平行的效应大于电子耦合的效应,这显然与d电子的离域效应有关,称为自旋极化效应,符合宏特规则.Ni_n、Ni_n⁺和Ni_n^-(n=2~8)体系的磁矩分别是Ni_n具有8μ_B(n=6~8),Ni_n⁺具有9μ_B(n=6~8),Ni_n具有7μ_B(n=4~8).     

La0.67-xSmxSr0.33MnO3(0.40≤x≤0.60)体系的TCR研究

通过测量La0.67-xSmxSr0.33MnO3(x=0.40,0.50,0.60)体系的M～T曲线和ρ～T曲线,研究了La位Sm掺杂对体系电阻温度系数 (TCR)的影响.实验结果表明:Sm掺杂引起的电阻率曲线急剧变化,导致大的TCR出现;TCR在x=0.40时出现峰值,随Sm掺杂的增加,TCR值逐渐减小.体系出现大的TCR,来源于Sm掺杂引起的晶格畸变和额外磁性.     

Transport properties of the single-crystal La2−xBaxCuO4 (0≤x≤0.11)

We report on the temperature dependence of the in-plane electrical resistivity ρ_ab and the in-plane Hall coefficient R_H in various magnetic fields of the single-crystal La_2−xBa_xCuO₄ with x=0.083 and 0.11. In x=0.11, which is close to x=1/8, where the superconductivity is strongly suppressed, a clear jump in ρ_ab and a drop in R_H have been observed at T_d2∼53 K, where the structural phase transition between the orthorhombic mid-temperature and tetragonal low-temperature phases occurs. Moreover, a sign reversal of R_H has been observed below ∼25 K and the magnitude of the sign reversal increases with increasing magnetic field. In x=0.083, on the other hand, there is neither jump in ρ_ab nor drop in R_H at T_d2, and also no sign reversal in R_H at low temperatures even in magnetic fields up to 9 T. In conclusion, there is no doubt that a static stripe order of holes and spins, observed in La_1.6−xNd_0.4Sr_xCuO₄ with x∼1/8, is formed below T_d2 also in La_2−xBa_xCuO₄ with x∼1/8. The R_H in the stripe-ordered state has a negative value, which is consistent with the recent theory by Prelovšek et al.     

(AgBr)n(n≤6)团簇的从头计算研究

利用遗传算法结合经验势对(AgBr)n(n≤6)的稳定结构进行了全面搜索,对较稳定的结构利用DFT方法进行了优化,给出了比文献报道更稳定的结构,并对其电子性质进行了研究.     

Ni_n(n≤8)团簇的密度泛函研究(英文)

用高斯程序的B3LYP交换相关函数和全电子基组DGDZVP、TZVP优化了Ni_n、Ni_n⁺和Ni_n^-（n=2～8）,得到了这些体系的基态几何构型、离化能、电子亲和能以及键能.结果表明:Ni₂,Ni₃,Ni₄,Ni₅和Ni₆团簇的基态分别是5,7,9,11和13重态.表明:Ni₂,Ni₃,Ni₄,Ni₅和Ni₆团簇中分别有4,6,8,10和12个平行自旋的电子,在每一个Ni_n团簇中非耦合的电子是最多,这些电子占据不同的轨道,导致每一个Ni_n团簇的能量最小,说明在这些Ni_n团簇中电子平行的效应大于电子耦合的效应,这显然与d电子的离域效应有关,这被称为自旋极化效应,符合宏特规则.Ni_n、Ni_n⁺和Ni_n^-（n=2～8）体系的磁矩分别是Ni_n具有8μB（n=6～8）,Ni_n⁺具有9μB（n=6～8）,Ni_n^-具有7μB（n=4～8）.     

Helimagnetism of CuxZn1−xCr2Se4 (for 0.0 ≤ × ≤ 0.1)

Abstract

The magnetization, the susceptibility and the magnetic anisotropy field of Cu _x Zn_1?xCr₂Se₄ compounds have been studied at low temperatures (down to 2.9 K) in: high magnetic stationary fields (up to 14 T), high pulsed magnetic fields (up to 25 T), medium magnetic stationary fields (up to 0.6 T). The magnetic structure of these spinels was studied by neutron powder diffraction.

The magnetic properties of Cu_xZn_1?xCr₂Se₄ are explained in terms of the molecular field approximation assuming the existence of 90° exchange interactions, ferromagnetic for Cr-Se-Cr between the nearest Cr ions and antiferromagnetic for Cr-Se-Se-Cr between the second-nearest Cr ions. The exchange parameters and integrals for the whole series under consideration are calculated. Taking into account the three magnetic phase transitions observed in these spinels (Juszczyk, Krok, Okońska-Koz?owska, Broda, Warczewski, Byszewski, 1981) and the neutron diffraction studies a modification of the simple spin spiral forced by a strong magnetic field is described.     

Mg_n(2≤n≤15)的几何结构和振动频率及光谱研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的B3LYP方法计算了Mgn(2≤n≤15)团簇的键长、能量、二阶能量差分、配位数、能隙、光谱等性质,找到了Mgn(2≤n≤15)团簇的较稳定结构并确定幻数团簇,然后对这些稳定结构进行光谱分析。采用3-21g和lanl2dz一大一小两种基组分别进行计算,结果表明,两种基组计算结果在基态结构上相差不大,只有二阶能量差分有较小的区别,lanl2dz基组计算的键长偏长;Mg4、Mg10、Mg15为较稳定结构,其中Mg4、Mg10为幻数团簇;除Mg2之外,其他团簇都有红外、拉曼活性;对稳定结构的光谱分析发现,Mg10的红外谱峰最多,Mg15的光谱强度最大。