特征向量导数计算的Lanczos方法

本文对特征向量导数计算的Ｌａｎｃｚｏｓ法进行了改进，指出Ｌａｎｃｚｏｓ法对方程的缩阶效率取决于初始向量的选择，介绍了Ｌａｎｃｚｏｓ方法的发展，提出采用频率移位法选择初始Ｌａｎｃｚｏｓ向量。通过理论分析及计算机仿真说明移位Ｌａｎｃｚｏｓ方法可以将较大的方程组缩为一阶方程，在计算精度与效率上大大优于任选向量Ｌａｎｃｚｏｓ法和迭代Ｌａｎｃ－ｚｏｓ法     

自由单元法及其在结构分析中的应用

通过吸收有限元与无网格法的优点,提出了一种新的数值方法------自由单元法.此方法在离散方面,采用有限元法中的等参单元,表征几何形状和进行物理量的插值;在算法方面,采用单元配点技术,逐点产生系统方程.主要特点是,在每个配置点只需要一个和周围自由选择的节点而形成的一个独立的等参单元,因而不需要考虑物理量在单元之间的相互连接关系与导数连续性问题. 本文介绍强形式与弱形式两种自由单元法,前者直接由控制方程和边界条件直接产生系统方程,后者通过在自由单元上建立控制方程的加权余量式产生弱形式积分式,并通过像传统有限元法中的积分过程建立系统方程组.本文提出的方法是一种单元配点法,对于域内点为了获得较高的导数精度,需要采用至少具有一个内部点的等参单元,为此除了可使用各阶次的拉格朗日四边形单元外, 还 给出了七节点三角形等参单元,用于模拟较为复杂的几何形状问题.      

自由单元法及其在结构分析中的应用

通过吸收有限元与无网格法的优点,提出了一种新的数值方法——自由单元法.此方法在离散方面,采用有限元法中的等参单元,表征几何形状和进行物理量的插值;在算法方面,采用单元配点技术,逐点产生系统方程.主要特点是,在每个配置点只需要一个和周围自由选择的节点而形成的一个独立的等参单元,因而不需要考虑物理量在单元之间的相互连接关系与导数连续性问题.本文介绍强形式与弱形式两种自由单元法,前者直接由控制方程和边界条件直接产生系统方程,后者通过在自由单元上建立控制方程的加权余量式产生弱形式积分式,并通过像传统有限元法中的积分过程建立系统方程组.本文提出的方法是一种单元配点法,对于域内点为了获得较高的导数精度,需要采用至少具有一个内部点的等参单元,为此除了可使用各阶次的拉格朗日四边形单元外,还给出了七节点三角形等参单元,用于模拟较为复杂的几何形状问题.     

具有分数导数本构关系的非线性粘弹性Timoshenko梁动力学行为分析

本文利用分数导数型本构关系建立了在有限变形情况下Timoshenko梁的控制方程并利用Galerkin方法进行简化。然后利用一种存储部分历史数据的分数积分的计算方法对梁的控制方程进行求解。考察了载荷参数和分数导数参数对梁振动的影响,并采用非线性动力学中的各种数值方法,如时程曲线、功率谱、相图、Poincare截面等,揭示了非线性粘弹性Timoshenko梁丰富的动力学行为。     

不确定凸模型近似算法的一种改进

将非概率凸模型理论与摄动理论相结合，通过有界不确定参数结构的特征值问题，对凸模型理论的一次近似算法作出一种改进．改进后的算法由于在计算中不用特征值导数，与Ｅｌｉｓｈａｋｏｆ的算法相比，不仅拓广了凸模型理论的应用范围，而且还可提高算法的计算效率．     

T型管内流动气体中爆轰绕射过程的数值模拟

基于带化学反应的二维Euler方程,对H₂、O₂、Ar体积比为2:1:1的混合气体系统在T型管内的爆轰绕射进行了数值模拟。用二阶附加半隐的Runge-Kutta法和五阶WENO格式分别离散欧拉方程的时间和空间导数项,采用9组分48步基元反应简化模型描述爆轰波在静止系统和流动系统中的传播过程,得到了温度、压力、典型组元H质量分数的分布及数值胞格结构。结果表明:在流动系统中,迎风面上波阵面为斜爆轰结构,静止系统两侧和顺风面上的波阵面为完全解耦的前导激波;在水平管中,波阵面与上下壁面经历一系列马赫碰撞后,最终形成正爆轰;在流动系统中,胞格结构明显向下游偏移;横向爆轰波的产生对爆轰波的再生起到了关键作用。     

用Level Set方法追踪运动界面

首先介绍了近年来发展起来的界面追踪技术Level Set方法,然后采用五阶WENO格式和积分平均型TVD格式计算Level Set方程,用修正的Godunov方法求解重新初始化的Level Set方程,数值求解了同心圆在常数流场,圆和矩形界面在剪切流场,缺口圆在旋转流场中的界面变形和还原效果,比较了时间导数离散精度和Level Set函数有无重新初始化对界面追踪效果的影响．最后,通过和其它界面处理方法的比较可以看出,Level Set方法不仅能够比较准确地追踪运动界面,而且无须进行复杂繁琐的界面重构技术,容易编程,具有较大的通用性．     

映射函数法求方形孔口角点裂纹的应力强度因子

用映身函数法和Ｍｕｓｋｈｅｌｉｓｈｖｉｌｉ方程对无限大板内方形孔口角点裂纹在不同外载下进行应力分析，决定了裂纹尖端的应力强度因子随裂纹长ａ和孔构形尺寸Ｌ的变化规律，探讨了外载变化对Ｋ因子的影响，并使刚度导数法（有限元法）进行了计算，结果表明，在板宽Ｗ和Ｌ之比等于或大于５时，两种方法的误差在６％以内。     

有界噪声激励下单摆-谐振子系统的混沌运动

研究了具有同宿轨道和周期轨道的可积单摆-谐振子系统在弱Hamilton摄动(即弱耦合摄动)和弱非Hamilton摄动(即阻尼和有界噪声微扰)下的混沌运动．用Melnikov方程预测Hamilton系统中可能存在混沌运动的参数域，并用Poincare截面验证解析结果．用数值方法计算了有阻尼与有界噪声激励下系统的最大Lyapun0V指数和Poincare截面，结果表明有界噪声在频率上的扩散减小了引发系统产生混沌运动的效应。     

复杂介质中任意阶频率依赖耗散声波的分数阶导数模型

实验现象表明,声波在复杂介质中传播时,其衰减往往呈现频率的任意次幂律依赖现象.鉴于复杂介质的力学和物理性质的记忆性和长程相关性,频率幂律依赖的声波衰减现象难以用经典的声波方程描述,因为经典的阻尼波方程和近似热黏性波方程只能分别描述与频率无关和频率二次方依赖的声衰减.近年来,带有分数阶导数项的声波方程已被成功用于描述这一声衰减现象.基于课题组对声波衰减分数阶导数建模的研究,对已有的分数阶导数声波方程的研究进展及获得的成果做一个系统的综述,重点讨论这些模型的力学本构、统计力学解释等.简述了软物质中声波传播的时间分数阶导数唯象模型和本构模型,空间分数阶导数唯象模型和本构模型,并深入讨论了各种模型之间的联系与区别:介绍了分数阶导数声波模型在多孔介质中的成功应用,该部分内容涉及了均匀和非均匀多孔介质,刚性固体骨架和可变形固体骨架多孔介质等;通过空间分数阶扩散方程与Levy稳定分布之间的联系,给出了频率幂律依赖指数的变化区间为[0,2]的统计力学解释.最后,讨论了声波传播耗散行为的分数阶导数建模领域仍然存在的问题,并对今后的研究方向进行了探讨和展望.     

Application of joint coordinates and homogeneous transformations to modeling of vehicle dynamics

The paper presents a method of modeling dynamics of multibody systems with open and closed kinematic chains. The joint coordinates and homogeneous transformations are applied in order to formulate the equations of motion of a rigid body. In this method, constraint equations are introduced only in the case when closed subchains are considered or when the joint reactions have to be calculated. This allows the number of generalized coordinates in the system to be reduced in comparison to the case when absolute coordinates are applied. It is shown how the method can be applied to modeling of vehicle dynamics. The calculation results are compared with those obtained when the ADAMS/Car package is used. Experimental verification has been performed and is reported in the paper, as well. In both cases, a good correspondence of results has been achieved. Final remarks concerning advantages and disadvantages of the method are formulated at the end of the paper.     

Excursion probabilities of non-linear systems

This paper suggests a procedure for estimating excursion probabilities for linear and non-linear systems subjected to Gaussian excitation processes. In this paper, the focus is on non-linear systems which might also have stochastic properties. The approach is based on the so-called “averaged excursion probability flow” which allows for a simple solution for the interaction in excursion problems. Simplifying, the dynamic reliability problem can be reduced to a simpler “static” problem by considering the probability flow at fixed time instances. The proposed approach is very general and can be applied to both linear and non-linear systems of which the response can be determined by deterministic methods. Hence, the procedure applies to arbitrary structures and any suitable mathematical model including large FE-models solved by deterministic FE-codes.     

随机剪切柱在地震激励下的演变随机响应

随机剪切柱是指固连于地面的剪切柱的某些物理参数是随机变量 ,该模型在Niigata地震激励下的响应属于演变随机响应。本文将新近发展起来的演变随机响应问题的统一解法 ,推广到用于求解随机结构振动响应问题。首先用这一方法求出每个样本结构的随机响应 ,然后用MonteCarlo法来进一步求随机结构的集合随机响应特性。这样 ,与单纯用Monte Carlo法进行数字模拟相比 ,可使计算工作量大为减少。本文用随机剪切柱的演变随机响应问题加以说明     

非光滑动力系统的迭代图胞映射法

分析了图胞映射方法在处理非光滑动力系统过程中遇到的关键问题------胞流扩张. 为了有效减小胞流扩张, 基于迭代图胞映射方法, 通过引入人工顶点集的概念, 构建了非光滑系统迭代图胞映射具体实施方案, 讨论了在此过程中值得注意的事项. 结合典型实例分析, 证实了该方法的有效性.      

Reduced finite difference scheme and error estimates based on POD method for non-stationary Stokes equation

The proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) is a model reduction technique for the simulation of physical processes governed by partial differential equations (e.g.,fluid flows). It has been successfully used in the reduced-order modeling of complex systems. In this paper, the applications of the POD method are extended, i.e., the POD method is applied to a classical finite difference (FD) scheme for the non-stationary Stokes equation with a real practical applied background. A reduced FD scheme is established with lower dimensions and sufficiently high accuracy, and the error estimates are provided between the reduced and the classical FD solutions. Some numerical examples illustrate that the numerical results are consistent with theoretical conclusions. Moreover, it is shown that the reduced FD scheme based on the POD method is feasible and efficient in solving the FD scheme for the non-stationary Stokes equation.     

On some important problems in analytical dynamics of non-holonomic systems

By using deductive method,Chetaev condition is derived in this paper.We pointout that the processes of variation and differentiation are not permutable innon-holonomic dynamics is a misunderstanding.The paper gives two classical relationsof non-holonomic systems and points out integral variational principles can be appliedin non-holonomic systems.     

Non-holonomic mechanics: A geometrical treatment of general coupled rolling motion

In the presented paper, a problem of non-holonomic constrained mechanical systems is treated. New methods in non-holonomic mechanics are applied to a problem of a general coupled rolling motion. Two goals are stressed.The first of them lies in the solution of an originally formulated problem of rolling motion of two rigid cylindrical bodies in the homogeneous gravitational field leading typically to non-linear equations of motion. A solid cylinder can roll inside a ring under the static frictional force assuring rolling without slipping, the ring rolls again without slipping along a generally shaped terrain formed by hills and valleys. “Surprising behaviour” of the mechanical system which permits interesting applications is studied and discussed.The second purpose of the paper is to show that the geometrical theory of non-holonomic constrained systems on fibered manifolds proposed and developed in the last decade by Krupková and others is an effective tool for solving non-holonomic mechanical problems. A comparison of this method to alternative methods is given and the benefits of coordinate-free formulation are mentioned.In this paper, the geometrical theory is applied to the abovementioned mechanical problem. Both types of equations of motion resulting from the theory—deformed equations with the so-called Chetaev-type constraint forces containing Lagrange multipliers, and reduced equations free from multipliers—are found and discussed. Numerical solutions for two particular cases of the motion of the cylindrical system along a cylindrical surface are presented.     

Non-smooth dynamics and stability of mechanical systems featuring a freeplay non-linearity

This paper concerns modelling and time-domain simulation of the dynamics of systems featuring a freeplay non-linearity. The topic of stability is also addressed. We propose to develop a reduced order model based on mode synthesis where the DOF that might have contact are separated from the regular substructures. This formulation allows for a direct application of Moreau's theory for non-smooth dynamics of contact problems. The methodologies developed are applied to a fluid-structure coupled system as given by an aircraft wing with freeplay in the control surface connection.     

Delayed-state-feedback exponential stabilization for uncertain Markovian jump systems with mode-dependent time-varying state delays

This paper studies the problem of the robustly exponential stabilization for uncertain Markovian jump systems with mode-dependent time-varying state delays. The contribution of this paper is two-fold. Firstly, by constructing a modified Lyapunov functional and using free-weighting matrices technique, some delay-dependent robustly exponential stability criteria of such systems are obtained in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), which are less conservative than some existing ones. Secondly, a state feedback controller is designed, which can guarantee the robustly exponential stability of the uncertain closed-loop systems. Some illustrative numerical examples are given to demonstrate the reduced conservatism and applicability of the obtained results.