锗烯与异氰酸多通道反应的理论计算

采用密度泛函理论B3LYP方法研究了单重态GeH2与HNCO的反应机理。在B3LYP/6-311++G**水平上对反应物,中间体,过渡态进行了全几何参数优化,通过频率分析和IRC确定中间体和过渡态,用QCISD(T)/6-311++G**方法计算了各个驻点的单点能。计算表明单重态的锗烯与异氰酸的反应有抽提氧、插入N-H键、抽提亚氨基的共七条反应路径。采用经Winger校正的Eyring过渡态理论分别计算了1个大气压、不同温度下反应势垒较低通道的热力学及动力学性质,结果表明插入N-H键反应（GeH2+HNCO→IM7→TS6→P2）通道在温度400K~1400K内,有较高的平衡常数和反应速率常数,为主反应通道,主产物为GeH3NCO。     

二氯卡宾与异氰酸反应机理的量子化学研究

采用密度泛函理论B3LYP方法研究了CCl2自由基与HNCO的反应机理,并在B3LYP/6-311++G**水平上对反应物,中间体,过渡态进行了全几何参数优化,通过频率分析和IRC确定中间体和过渡态。为了得到更精确的能量值,用QCISD(T)/6-311++G**方法计算了各个驻点的单点能,计算结果表明单重态的二氯卡宾与异氰酸的反应有抽提氧、插入N-H键、抽提亚氨基的路径。而插入通道HNCO + CCl2→IM3 →TS2→P2(C2Cl2ONH) 反应能垒最低, 为主反应通道。     

二氯卡宾与异氰酸反应机理的量子化学研究

采用密度泛函理论B3LYP方法研究了单、三重态CCl2与HNCO的反应机理,在B3LYP/6-311++G”水平上对反应物,中间体,过渡态进行了全几何参数优化,通过频率分析和IRC确定中间体和过渡态,并用G3方法计算了各个驻点的单点能.计算结果表明:单重态的CCl2与HNCO的反应有抽提氧、插入N-H键、抽提亚氨基的路...     

异硫氰酸与CF2自由基反应机理的量子化学研究

采用密度泛函理论B3LYP方法研究了CF₂自由基与HNCS的反应机理,并在B3LYP/6-311++G**水平上对反应物、中间体、过渡态进行了全几何参数优化,通过频率分析和IRC确定中间体和过渡态的真实性.为了得到更精确的能量值,又用CCSD（T）/6-311++G**方法计算了在B3LYP/6-311++G**水平优化后的各个驻点的相对能量.根据统计热力学及用Winger校正的Eyring过渡态理论,利用自编程序,计算不同温度下低势垒反应的平衡常数和速率常数.计算结果表明,单重态的CF₂自由基与HNCS的反应有6条可能的反应通道,三重态的CF₂自由基与HNCS的反应有1条反应通道.其中单重态反应通道CF₂+HNCS→IM1→TS1→IM2 HCF₂NCS（P1）为主反应通道.     

CF_2自由基与HNCO反应机理的量子化学研究

采用密度泛函理论B3LYP方法研究了CF_2自由基与HNCO的反应机理,并在B3LYP/6-311++G**水平上对反应物、中间体、过渡态进行了全几何参数优化.为了得到更精确的能量值,又用CCSD(T)/6-311++G**方法计算了在B3LYP/6-311++G**水平优化后的各个驻点的相对能量.根据统计热力学及用Winger校正的Eyring过渡态理论,利用自编程序,计算不同温度下低势垒反应的平衡常数和速率常数.计算结果表明单重态的CF_2自由基与HNCO的反应有四条反应通道,三重态的CF_2自由基与HNCO的反应有两条反应通道.其中单重态反应通道CF_2+HNCO→1IM1→1TS1→1IM2→1TS2→1IM3→CF_2NH+CO(P1)为主反应通道.三重态反应通道CF_2+HNCO→~36IM1→~36TS1→~36IM2→HCF_2+NCO(~3P5)为主反应通道.     

CF2自由基与HNCO反应机理的量子化学研究

采用密度泛函理论B3LYP 方法研究了CF2 自由基与HNCO 的反应机理, 并在B3LYP/6-311＋＋G**水平上对反应物、中间体、过渡态进行了全几何参数优化, 通过频率分析和内禀反应坐标(IRC)确定了中间体和过渡态.为了得到更精确的能量值, 又用CCSD(T)/6-311＋＋G**方法计算了在B3LYP/6-311＋＋G**水平优化后的各个驻点的相对能量. 根据统计热力学及用Winger校正的Eyring过渡态理论,利用自编程序,计算不同温度下低势垒反应的平衡常数和速率常数.计算结果表明单重态的CF2 自由基与HNCO 的反应有四条反应通道, 三重态的CF2 自由基与HNCO 的反应有两条反应通道.其中单重态反应通道CF2＋HNCO→1IM1→1TS1→1IM2→1TS2→1IM3→CF2NH＋CO(P1)为主反应通道.三重态反应通道CF2＋HNCO→36IM1→36TS1→36IM2→HCF2+NCO(3P5)为主反应通道.     

CF2自由基与HNCO反应机理的量子化学研究

采用密度泛函理论B3LYP 方法研究了CF2 自由基与HNCO 的反应机理, 并在B3LYP/6-311＋＋G**水平上对反应物、中间体、过渡态进行了全几何参数优化, 通过频率分析和内禀反应坐标(IRC)确定了中间体和过渡态.为了得到更精确的能量值, 又用CCSD(T)/6-311＋＋G**方法计算了在B3LYP/6-311＋＋G**水平优化后的各个驻点的相对能量. 根据统计热力学及用Winger校正的Eyring过渡态理论,利用自编程序,计算不同温度下低势垒反应的平衡常数和速率常数.计算结果表明单重态的CF2 自由基与HNCO 的反应有四条反应通道, 三重态的CF2 自由基与HNCO 的反应有两条反应通道.其中单重态反应通道CF2＋HNCO→1IM1→1TS1→1IM2→1TS2→1IM3→CF2NH＋CO(P1)为主反应通道.三重态反应通道CF2＋HNCO→36IM1→36TS1→36IM2→HCF2+NCO(3P5)为主反应通道.     

SiF_2自由基与异硫氰酸反应机理的理论研究北大核心CSCD

采用密度泛函理论B3LYP方法研究了SiF2自由基与异硫氰酸(HNCS)的反应机理,并在B3LYP/6-311++G**水平上对反应物、中间体、过渡态进行了全几何参数优化,通过频率分析和内禀反应坐标(IRC)确定中间体和过渡态的真实性.为了得到更精确的能量值,又用CCSD(T)/6-311++G**方法计算了在B3LYP/6-311++G**水平优化后的各个驻点的相对能量.根据统计热力学及用Winger校正的Eyring过渡态理论,利用自编程序,计算不同温度下低势垒反应的平衡常数和速率常数,并且通过电子密度拓扑分析讨论了化学反应过程中主要化学键的生成和断裂.计算结果表明,单重态的SiF2自由基与HNCS反应有6条可能的反应通道,其中反应通道SiF2+HNCS→IM1→TS1→IM2HSiF2NCS(P1)为主反应通道.     

SiF2自由基与异硫氰酸反应机理的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论B3LYP 方法研究了CF2 自由基与HNCS 的反应机理, 并在B3LYP/6-311＋＋G**水平上对反应物、中间体、过渡态进行了全几何参数优化. 为了得到更精确的能量值,又用CCSD(T)/6-311＋＋G**方法计算了在B3LYP/6-311＋＋G**水平优化后的各个驻点的相对能量. 根据统计热力学及用Winger校正的Eyring过渡态理论,利用自编程序,计算不同温度下低势垒反应的平衡常数和速率常数.计算结果表明单重态的CF2 自由基与HNCS 的反应有6条反应通道,三重态的CF2 自由基与HNCS 的反应有1条反应通道.其中单重态反应通道CF2＋HNCS→IM1→TS1→IM2 HCF2NCS(P1)为主反应通道.     

CH2F自由基与HNCO反应机理的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论的B3LYP方法,在6-311 G(d,p)基组水平上研究了CH2F自由基与HNCO的微观反应机理,优化了反应过程中的反应物、中间体、过渡态和产物的几何构型,通过振动分析验证了所有可能的过渡态;并且还在QCISD(T)/6- 311 G**//B3LYP/6-311 G(d,p)机组水平上计算了相应单点能．找到了CH2F自由基与HNCO反应的7条可行的反应通道,对结果的分析表明,CH2F HNCO→TS8→IM5→TS9→IM4通道的控制步骤活化能最低,是该反应的主要通道．     

关于"太阳在银河系中所受引力与到银心距离r的关系"的讨论

讨论了银道面内的引力场强分布和太阳在银河系中所受引力与到银心距离r的关系，指出引力场强g并不是与r的平方成反比，这是由于银河系的大小和形状不能忽略造成的．强调了万有引力定律的适用条件．     

On the calculation of the bremsstrahlung in the region of the plasma frequency

On the basis of the classical theory of radiation produced in incomplete Coulomb interaction, a formula is derived for the coefficient of the bremsstrahlung of fully ionized plasma. In the region of rectilinear approximation a comparison is made with the results of the quantum formula derived from the Born approximation. Furthermore, the influence of dispersion upon the emission coefficient is taken into account; some relations for the region of dispersion are given.     

Dependence of the Intensity of the Spectral Lines and the Composition of the Sample and the Plasma Parameters of the Unipolar Arc

The investigation was made of the dependence of the intensity of Tl, Ga, Mo, Mg, Mn, Sn, Bi, Ni, Zn, Pt and Au spectral lines and the plasma parameters (temperature T, electron concentration n_e, degree of 6 ionnization α) from concentration of lithium additive.     

On the predictability of the positions of the convergence zones in the ocean

The disagreement between the experimental and calculated positions of the first convergence zone are known from many publications. The most probable cause for such a disagreement, namely, the incorrect specification of the input data for the calculations, is considered. The lack of simultaneity between the hydrological surveys of the region and the acoustic experiments is emphasized. The experimental data obtained by the author in five ocean regions are presented. These data characterize the diurnal variability of the distance from the source to the nearest boundary of the convergence zone. The relations proposed by different researchers for calculating the sound speed from the temperature, salinity, and hydrostatic pressure are analyzed. It is shown that these relations lead to a substantial difference in the estimated depth dependence of the hydrostatic gradient of the sound speed. The position of the first convergence zone is calculated for the propagation conditions determined by vertical temperature and salinity profiles with the subsequent recalculation of these profiles into sound speed profiles by using eight different formulas known from the literature. It is shown that different formulas lead to different values of the distance to the first zone; this difference is substantially greater than that between the calculations and experiment. The necessity of improving the recalculation relations in view of the experimental data on sound propagation in natural oceanic waveguides, including the data on the actual positions of the convergence zones, is emphasized.     

Extracting the wavefunction of the LSP at the LHC

We consider associated production of squarks and gluinos with the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP), or states nearly degenerate in mass with it. Though sub-dominant to pair production of color SU(3)-charged superpartners, these processes are directly sensitive to the wavefunction composition of the lightest neutralinos. Exploiting event-shape variables - including some introduced here for the first time - we are able to identify the composition of the LSP by selecting events involving a single high-pT jet recoiling against missing transverse energy. We illustrate the proposed technique on a set of benchmark cases and propose methods for applying these results in more realistic experimental environments.     

Set the controls for the heart of the Sun

In this paper we describe experiments conducted with high-power lasers that are attempting to replicate, for a very short time and in miniature, conditions found in the Sun. Experiments to date have reached conditions in the outer part of the Sun. To reach the Sun's centre requires compression of material to very much greater than solid density and heating to over ten million degrees. To achieve this, a new class of experiments and a new generation of high-power lasers are required.     

On the Question of the Source of the Apokamp

Technical Physics - The object of this work is the apokamp—a new type of plasma jet, which is formed from a bright offshoot emerging at the bending point of a channel of a high-voltage...