定量结构-活性/性质相关性研究中变量选择方法的研究——遗传算法和几种传统算法的比较

鉴于变量选择在QSAR／QSPR研究中的重要性。比较了遗传算法和几种传统的方法,如前进法、后退法及逐步回归法。结果表明,对于研究中所用数据,遗传算法较几种传统的方法为好,其原因可能由于传统的方法陷入了局部最优。遗传算法在变量较多的情况下方可显示出效率高和得到较好结果的优越性。对于变量的选择,遗传算法是一值得推荐的有效的方法。     

定量结构-活性/性质相关性研究中变量选择方法的研究

鉴于变量选择在QSAR/QSPR研究中的重要性,比较了遗传算法和几种传统的方法,如前进法、后退法及逐步回归法.结果表明,对于研究中所用数据,遗传算法较几种传统的方法为好,其原因可能由于传统的方法陷入了局部最优.遗传算法在变量较多的情况下方可显示出效率高和得到较好结果的优越性.对于变量的选择,遗传算法是一值得推荐的有效的方法.     

定量结构-活性/性质相关性研究中变量选择方法的研究——遗传算法和几种传统算法的比较

鉴于变量选择在 QSAR/QSPR研究中的重要性 ,比较了遗传算法和几种传统的方法 ,如前进法、后退法及逐步回归法 .结果表明 ,对于研究中所用数据 ,遗传算法较几种传统的方法为好 ,其原因可能由于传统的方法陷入了局部最优 .遗传算法在变量较多的情况下方可显示出效率高和得到较好结果的优越性 .对于变量的选择 ,遗传算法是一值得推荐的有效的方法     

药物的手性拆分

手性药物在医学应用中具有广阔的应用前景。本文介绍了常用药物的手性拆分方法,包括机械拆分法、经典成盐拆分法、色谱拆分方法及酶拆分法等的拆分原理,并对它们的应用领域及优缺点进行了比较分析。以期对新药的手性拆分及现有药物的拆分优化提供一般的理论参考。     

聚苯胺/聚合物导电材料研究进展

从制备方法着手综述了近年来聚苯胺/聚合物导电材料研制开发的最新成果，并简介了聚苯胺/聚合物导电材料的应用情况。     

聚烯烃的化学接枝改性

综述了化学接枝改性聚烯烃的三种方法，即溶液法，熔融法及固定相法，并讨论了接枝单体的选择，接枝机理和接枝物的性能表征。     

椭圆法用于阳极溶出伏安法测定微量银

用新物理量Ｖｏｐ的椭圆法对阳极溶出伏安法分析的含银离子浓度为１０＾５－１０＾－９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的一系列溶液进行了研究。结果表明：光学方法与电化学方法所得分析结果相同；椭圆法可检测的浓度下限比电化学方法低一个数量级以上。而且测量的相对平均偏差也小于电化学方法。     

二恶英类化学物质的检测方法

本文介绍了20世纪60年代以来二恶英类化学物质的检测方法。重点介绍了色谱法、免疫法和生物法，并对各种分析方法的优缺点进行了评述，提出了各方法运用的适用范围，为建立二恶英类化学物质分析方法提供了依据。     

光电子能谱(一)

本讲座对光电子能谱在有机化学领域中的应用作了较全面的介绍。首先论述了它的基本原理和实验方法,然后对有机分子及其结构、高分子和聚合物、有机金属络合物、生物大分子等方面的使用方法和应用概况作了具体说明,希望能给从事有机化学研究的科技工作者,在方法上对它有一个较为全面的了解。     

介孔沸石分子筛的制备

介孔沸石分子筛是一种含有丰富介孔的结晶沸石,它不同于介孔分子筛和微孔沸石的简单机械混合。它不仅具备微孔沸石高的热和水热稳定性、优异的选择性和活性,而且由于介孔的引入改善了其对大分子的吸附和扩散性能,逐渐成为多孔催化材料研究领域的热点。本文主要从模板法、后处理法和前驱体组装法等方法出发,介绍了介孔沸石分子筛最新的制备方法研究进展。通过对比不同制备方法的优缺点,指出各种方法的改进方向,以期寻求一种较优的合成策略,以满足现今催化领域日益苛刻的要求。     

Simultaneous Determination of Perphenazine and Amitriptyline by Derivative Spectrophotometry

Abstract

Two methods have been developed for the simultaneous determination of Amitryptiline and Perphenazine: the zero-crossing (I) and the derivative ratio spectrum (II) methods and both use the derivative spectrophotometry.

The methods have been applicable in the ranges of 1 to 30 μg·ml^?1 of Amitryptiline (I and II) and between 1 and 8 μg·ml^?1 and from 1 to 7 μg·ml^?1 of Perphenazine for the methods I and II respectively. The accuracy of the proposed methods have been studied and they have been used in the determination of Amitryptiline and Perphenazine in commercially available pharmaceuticals.     

手性吲哚啉衍生物合成方法的研究进展

吲哚啉衍生物广泛存在于自然界中,因具有多种生物学活性而引起广泛关注.近年来,手性吲哚啉衍生物成为此领域的研究热点,也报道了多种相应的合成方法,主要包括动力学拆分、不对称合成、手性合成子策略等,不对称Domino级联反应作为近年来发展较快的领域,也引起了广泛关注,对以上合成方法加以综述.     

Accurate theoretical prediction of optical properties of BODIPY dyes

Boron-dipyrromethene dyes (BODIPY) are of great interest nowadays mostly due to their valuable optical properties. Nevertheless, no systematic research of the optical property dependence on the structure of dyes has been performed yet. In this work, analysis of the available quantum-chemical methods for BODIPY optical property calculations has been carried out. The accuracy of eight DFT functionals has been studied. The solvation effects upon excitation have been considered within two schemes. The methods that predict the absorption and emission spectra of BODIPY derivatives with high accuracy have been proposed. Using the suggested methods, the influence of nature of substituents and their position in the BODIPY core on the optical spectra of the dyes has been studied. A complex pattern of red- and blue-shifts in optical spectra in dependence of nature and position of substituents has been revealed. The results of this work provide the way for efficient design of BODIPY derivatives with desired optical properties.     

A critical review of the volumetric methods for the platinum metals

The published methods for the volumetric determination of the six platinum metals have been appraised. The lack of generally applicable and accurate methods is emphasized. No volumetric method has been recorded for the direct application to solutions of platinum metals, ores, concentrates or natural alloys, and only a few for determinations in synthetic alloys such as fire assay beads. Volumetric methods for the platinum metals are characterized by the absence of data concerning methods of dissolution.     

NAA of Platinum Group Elements and Gold in Reference Materials: A Comparison of Two Methods

Two methods have been developed for the determination of platinum group elements (PGEs) and gold in four geological reference materials: one using radiochemical neutron activation analysis and the other using nickel sulphide fire assay, followed by instrumental neutron activation analysis. The results from ten multiplicate measurements have been discussed in terms of precision and accuracy. The average precision for both methods is about 5%. Comparing the reported data with existing values in the literature, the accuracy of the proposed methods is good agreement in most cases. Detection limits in the range 0.001–0.015 ng have been derived for both methods under the operational conditions.     

The molecular structure of [Sn(P2C2But2)] using gas-phase electron diffraction and DFT calculations

The molecular structure of 2,4-di-tert-butyl-eta4-1,3-diphosphacyclobutadiene tin has been determined in the gas phase by electron diffraction using both the DYNAMITE and SARACEN methods. The suitability of many different theoretical methods for the calculation of structures of half-sandwich main-group metal complexes has been investigated, and, by comparison of the results with the experimental structures, suggestions have been made as to the most suitable methods for this class of compound.     

Synthesis,Characterization, and Applications of Copper Nanoparticles

Copper nanoparticles with different structural properties and effective biological effects may be fabricated using new green protocols. The control over particle size and in turn size-dependent properties of copper nanoparticles is expected to provide additional applications. Various methods for the synthesis of copper nanoparticles have been reported including chemical methods, physical methods, biological methods, and green synthesis. Biological methods involve the use of plant extracts, bacteria, and fungi. Commendable work has been done regarding the synthesis and stability of copper nanoparticles. There is a need to summarize the behavior of copper nanoparticles in different media under various conditions. Here, a complete list of the literature on the synthesis of copper nanoparticles, their properties, stabilizing agents, factors affecting the morphology, and their applications is presented. The importance of copper nanoparticles compared to other metal nanoparticles are due to high conductivity. Methods for the synthesis of copper nanoparticles, including green protocols using plants and micro-organisms compared chemical methods, have also been reviewed.     

Quantitative molecular similarity analysis (QMSA) methods for property estimation: a comparison of property-based,arbitrary, and tailored similarity spaces

Three classes of arbitrary quantitative molecular similarity analysis (QMSA) methods have been computed using atom pairs, topological indices, and physicochemical properties. Tailored QMSA models have been developed using a selected number of TIs chosen by ridge regression. The methods have been applied to the K-nearest neighbor based estimation of log P of two sets of chemicals. Results show that the property-based and tailored QMSA methods are superior to the arbitrary similarity methods in estimating log P of both sets of chemicals     

Quantitative molecular similarity analysis (QMSA) methods for property estimation: A comparison of property-based,arbitrary, and tailored similarity spaces

Three classes of arbitrary quantitative molecular similarity analysis (QMSA) methods have been computed using atom pairs, topological indices, and physicochemical properties. Tailored QMSA models have been developed using a selected number of TIs chosen by ridge regression. The methods have been applied to the K -nearest neighbor based estimation of log P of two sets of chemicals. Results show that the property-based and tailored QMSA methods are superior to the arbitrary similarity methods in estimating log P of both sets of chemicals     

Isolation methods for the volatile components of grapefruit juice. Distillation and solvent extraction methods

Summary Five different methods including solvent extraction, distillation and simultaneous distillation-solvent extraction (SDE) have been compared for the isolation of the volatile components of grapefruit juice. The search for an adequare procedure was directed to obtaining aroma concentrates with an odour resembling that of the original grapefruit juice. The methods have also been compared in terms of some experimental parameters. The concentrates have been analyzed by fused-silica, capillary gas chromatography and the GC patterns have been compared in terms of the recovery efficiencies for high-, medium-, and low-volatility components. The SDE methods gave the best results, particularly when using the apparatus proposed by Godefrootet al.