976nm激发下Tm^3＋／Yb^3＋共掺TiBa玻璃微球上转换发光的形貌共振

制备了Tm^3 /Yb^3 共掺高折射率TiBa玻璃微球,玻璃基材主要成分为：TiO2,BaCO3和SiO2,稀土（％,摩尔分数）掺杂0.5Tm2O3和3Yb2O3。用976nm激光激发测量了它们的上转换蓝光发射。利用光学微腔理论讨论了玻璃微球荧光光谱中的形貌共振,并用Mie理论公式对共振峰间隔进行了计算,实验结果与计算结果相符。     

976nm激发下Tm~(3 )/Yb~(3 )共掺TiBa玻璃微球上转换发光的形貌共振

制备了Tm3 /Yb3 共掺高折射率TiBa玻璃微球 ,玻璃基材主要成分为 :TiO2 ,BaCO3和SiO2 ,稀土 (% ,摩尔分数 )掺杂 0 5Tm2 O3和 3Yb2 O3。用 976nm激光激发测量了它们的上转换蓝光发射。利用光学微腔理论讨论了玻璃微球荧光光谱中的形貌共振 ,并用Mie理论公式对共振峰间隔进行了计算 ,实验结果与计算结果相符。     

重金属氟化玻璃的光学特性研究

介绍含有镧、铈、铪、锆等重金属氟化玻璃（HMF）的光学性质。光激发荧光的测量是在含有不同浓度金属铈（5%及8%）的氟化玻璃中进行的。在氟环境中,这种玻璃表现出很强的激发特性和发射荧光光谱。在激发光波长为290 nm 时,样品光谱峰值较宽并位于310 nm处。相同元素构成的样品都有几乎相同的光谱,只有当玻璃中用锆代替铪时,其出射光强相当小。折射实验表明,含有铪、镧、铈的样品折射率都很低。同时还观察到,相同组分的氟化玻璃其折射率完全相同,而组分不同就能观察到折射率较大的变化。折射实验数据均采用Sellmeier公式进行了曲线拟合。阿贝数是在含有铈和镧的样品中测量并计算出结果。     

含稀土的氟化物玻璃

含稀土的氟化物玻璃具有有意义的光谱性质,它们有从0.25μm到7μm宽的透过范围,在这个范围内可观察到玻璃材料的吸收和发射光谱。用稀土取代的氟化物玻璃的光吸收随所用稀土离子而变化。这些玻璃的转变温度Tg平均为311℃。光学性质如折射率等受稀土取代的影响不明显。     

空心玻璃微珠/TiO2复合微球的制备及其性能研究

本文以脲为沉淀剂,通过化学沉淀法成功实现了锐钛矿型二氧化钛壳层在空心玻璃微珠表面的可控组装,从而制备出玻璃/二氧化钛核壳空心微球,并通过XRD、SEM、EDX和拉曼光谱对其结构、形貌、粒径、壳厚和化学组成进行了表征.提出了二氧化钛在空心玻璃微珠表面的定向生长的可能机制和形成过程.     

CdS／聚电解质核-壳式复合微球的光谱特性研究

合成了CdS/聚电解质核-壳式复合微球并研究了其红外光谱、拉曼光谱和真空紫外光谱.在复合微球的红外光谱中出现的619.1 cm-1 Cd-S伸缩振动峰,与固态CdS相比出现了明显的蓝移现象.拉曼光谱中,与CdS特征纵光学声子模(1LO)相对应的299.4 cm-1也发生了蓝移现象.常温(290 K)和低温(20 K)下的真空紫外光谱存在差异.对于激发光谱,常温下主峰在269 nm,并有一些副峰,而低温下仅在253 nm处有1个明显的激发峰;常温下的发光峰在382 nm,并且有322、542和585 nm的副峰,而低温下则在394 nm处有明显的发光峰.这些结果说明CdS和聚电解质之间形成了包裹关系,并且具有很好的光学性能,可以作为荧光量子点标记材料.     

Nd~3+/Yb~3+离子共掺的氧化钛基上转换发光玻璃的热学和力学性能(英文)

利用气悬浮无容器技术制备出了Nd3+/Yb3+稀土离子共掺杂的TiO2-La2O3-ZrO2(TLZ)发光玻璃.利用差热分析(DTA)技术研究了该类新型稀土掺杂TiO2基上转换发光玻璃的热稳定性,主要包括玻璃化转变温度、析晶起始温度以及析晶峰值温度.并采用两种热分析动力学计算方法得到TLZ玻璃的析晶活化能值和指前因子.本文还研究了TLZ发光玻璃的力学性能,发现其维氏硬度大小为7.50 GPa,断裂韧性大于1.20 MPa?m1/2.此外,还对TLZ玻璃在808 nm激光激发下的上转换发光性能进行了研究,实验结果显示光谱中有三个强发射谱峰.优异的上转换发光性能以及良好的热稳定性和机械性能表明,这类新材料在上转换器件的实际应用中具有很大的潜力.     

ZnO-B2O3∶Tb3+长余辉玻璃的发光性质

通过还原方法制备了Tb3+离子掺杂的硼酸锌玻璃,并观察到在254 nm紫外光激发后有明亮的绿色长余辉发光现象,余辉时间达6 h.通过激发与发射光谱、余辉光谱、余辉衰减曲线、热释光谱、热释光释出速率衰减曲线等得到的信息,研究了Tb3+离子掺杂的硼酸锌玻璃的发光性质.     

白光LED用铕掺杂硼铋钙玻璃的结构与光学性能

采用熔融冷却法制备了铕掺杂的硼铋钙玻璃。研究了不同硼铋比(n_B/n_(Bi))和钙离子浓度条件下的密度、摩尔体积、折射率等物理性质,分析了玻璃的结构、光学性质和热稳定性。实验结果表明,Eu~(3+)较好的熔融于玻璃中,形成发光中心,在465 nm蓝光激发下,613 nm处有较为强烈的发射,光谱强度值随nB/nBi变化不明显,但随Ca O浓度升高而逐渐递减。玻璃结构总体呈现非晶态,对称性相对较低,结构致密程度和对称性均随nB/nBi的降低而降低,随CaO浓度的升高而升高。玻璃结构主要组成为[BO_3]三角体、[BiO_3]三角体,[BO4]四面体和[BiO_6]八面体,不存在[BO_3]组成的硼六元环。研究结果表明,此系列硼铋钙玻璃能有效匹配蓝光芯片发射红光,且具有熔点低、热稳定较好、折射率相对适宜的特点。     

激活CaO-MgO-SiO_2长余辉玻璃发光性质

报道了一种新型的Eu~(2+)离子激活硅酸盐玻璃,该玻璃组成为2CaO-MgO-3SiO_2-0.015Eu_2O_3(CMSE)。通过透射光谱、稳态荧光光谱、余辉光谱和热释光等技术手段对CMSE的发光性质进行了深入研究。研究发现CMSE可以被紫光和近紫外光激发,获得黄色长余辉发光。热释光曲线的分析表明,CMSE的长余辉性质主要来自于玻璃基质中陷阱深度为0.83 e V左右的定域能级。研究认为对CMSE发光性质的研究有利于开发新型稀土离子激活近紫外激发LED用硅酸盐玻璃发光材料。     

ICP-AES法同时测定玻璃组份中的Ca、Mg、Ti、Fe、Pb、Cd、Al、Si、B、Zn、Cu元素

建立了一种用电感耦合等离子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定玻璃成份的简便、快速、准确、精密度好的方法．研究了样品的处理、标准样品的配制、谱线干扰等问题,并采用和基体匹配的方法消除基体的影响,进行了标准样品的分析、对照、精密度等试验,均取得了满意的结果．     

Thermotropic liquid‐crystalline polyesters of 4,4′‐biphenol and phenyl‐substituted 4,4′‐biphenols with 4,4′‐oxybisbenzoic acid

A series of thermotropic polyesters, derived from 4,4′‐biphenol (BP), 3‐phenyl‐4,4′‐biphenol (MPBP), and 3,3′‐bis(phenyl)‐4,4′‐biphenol (DPBP), 4,4′‐oxybisbenzoic acid (4,4′‐OBBA), and other aromatic dicarboxylic acids as comonomers, were prepared by melt polycondensation and were characterized for their thermotropic liquid‐crystalline (LC) properties with a variety of experimental techniques. The homopolymer of BP with 4,4′‐OBBA and its copolymers with either 50 mol % terephthalic acid or 2,6‐naphthalenedicarboxylic acid had relatively high values of the crystal‐to‐nematic transition (448–460 °C), above which each of them formed a nematic LC phase. In contrast, the homopolymers of MPBP and DPBP had low fusion temperatures and low isotropization temperatures and formed nematic melts above the fusion temperatures. Each of these two polymers also exhibited two glass‐transition temperatures, which were associated with vitrified noncrystalline (amorphous) regions and vitrified LC domains, as obtained directly from melt polycondensation. As expected, they had higher glass‐transition temperatures (176–211 °C) than other LC polyesters and had excellent thermal stability (516–567 °C). The fluorescence properties of the homopolymer of DPBP with 4,4′‐OBBA, which was soluble in common organic solvents such as chloroform and tetrahydrofuran, were also included in this study. For example, it had an absorption spectrum (λ_max = 259 and 292 nm), an excitation spectrum (λ_ex = 258 and 292 nm with monitoring at 350 nm), and an emission spectrum (λ_em = 378 nm with excitation at 330 nm) in chloroform. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 40: 141–155, 2002     

High-Performance Sensor Based on Thin-Film Metallic Glass/Ultra-nanocrystalline Diamond/ZnO Nanorod Heterostructures for Detection of Hydrogen Gas at Room Temperature

This article outlines a novel material to enable the detection of hydrogen gas. The material combines thin-film metallic glass (TFMG), ultra-nanocrystalline diamond (UNCD), and ZnO nanorods (ZNRs) and can be used as a device for effective hydrogen gas sensing. Three sensors were fabricated by using combinations of pure ZNRs (Z), UNCD/ZNRs (DZ), and TFMG/UNCD/ZNRs (MDZ). The MDZ device exhibited a performance superior to the other configurations, with a sensing response of 34 % under very low hydrogen gas concentrations (10 ppm) at room temperature. Remarkably, the MDZ-based sensor exhibits an ultra-high sensitivity of 60.5 % under 500 ppm H₂. The MDZ sensor proved very fast in terms of response time (20 s) and recovery time (35 s). In terms of selectivity, the sensors were particularly suited to hydrogen gas. The sensor achieved the same response performance even after two months, thereby demonstrating the superior stability. It is postulated that the superior performance of MDZ can be attributed to defect-related adsorption as well as charge carrier density. This paper also discusses the respective energy band models of these heterostructures and also the interface effect on the gas sensing enhancements. The results indicate that the proposed hybrid TFMG/UNCD/ZNRs nanostructures could be utilized as high-performance hydrogen gas sensors.     

Calcium‐containing poly(urethane‐urea)s: Synthesis,spectral, and thermal studies

A calcium salt of mono(hydroxypentyl)phthalate [Ca(HPP)₂] was synthesized by the reaction of 1,5‐pentanediol, phthalic anhydride, and calcium acetate. Four different bisureas such as hexamethylene bis(ω,N‐hydroxyethylurea), tolylene 2,4‐bis(ω,N‐hydroxyethylurea), hexamethylene bis(ω,N‐hydroxypropylurea), and tolylene 2,4‐bis(ω,N‐hydroxypropylurea) were prepared by reacting ethanolamine or propanolamine with hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) or tolylene 2,4‐diisocyanate (TDI). Calcium‐containing poly(urethane‐urea)s (PUUs) were synthesized by reacting HMDI or TDI with 1:1 mixtures of Ca(HPP)₂ and each of the bisureas with di‐n‐butyltin dilaurate as a catalyst. The PUUs were well characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ¹H and ¹³C NMR, solid‐state ¹³C–cross‐polarization/magic‐angle spinning NMR, viscosity, solubility, elemental analysis, and X‐ray diffraction studies. Thermal properties of the polymers were also examined with thermogravimetric analyses and differential scanning calorimetry. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 1809–1819, 2004     

Outgassing analysis of molecular glass photoresists under EUV irradiation

A device was designed and assembled to analyze the outgassing of molecular glass(MG)photoresists under extreme ultraviolet(EUV)exposure.The outgassing of the photoresists with different components and different concentrations of tert-butoxycarbonyl(t-Boc),photo-generated acid(PAG),and acid quencher was systematically investigated.Based on experiments,some solutions for reducing the outgassing of MG photoresists were proposed.     

Glass‐transition temperatures of nanostructured amorphous bulk polymers and their blends

Nanostructured amorphous bulk polymer samples were produced by processing them with small molecule hosts. Urea (U) and gamma‐cyclodextrin (γ‐CD) were utilized to form crystalline inclusion compounds (ICs) with low and high molecular weight as‐received (asr‐) poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and their blends as included guests. Upon careful removal of the host crystalline U and γ‐CD lattices, nanostructured coalesced (c‐) bulk PVAc, PMMA, and PVAc/PMMA blend samples were obtained, and their glass‐transition temperatures, T_gs, measured. In addition, non‐stoichiometric (n‐s)‐IC samples of each were formed with γ‐CD as the host. The T_gs of the un‐threaded, un‐included portions of their chains were observed as a function of their degree of inclusion. In all the cases, these nanostructured PVAc and PMMA samples exhibited T_gs elevated above those of their as‐received and solution‐cast samples. Based on their comparison, several conclusions were reached concerning how their molecular weights, the organization of chains in their coalesced samples, and the degree of constraint experienced by un‐included portions of their chains in (n‐s)‐γ‐CD‐IC samples with different stoichiometries affect their chain mobilities and resultant T_gs. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2013 , 51, 1041–1050     

Synthesis and properties of cyclic diester based aliphatic copolyesters

Melt polycondensation was used to prepare a systematic series of random and amorphous copolyesters using the following cycloaliphatic diesters: dimethyl‐1,4‐cyclohexane dicarboxylate (DMCD), dimethyl bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane‐1,4‐dicarboxylate (DMCD‐1), dimethyl bicyclo[2.2.2]octane‐1,4‐dicarboxylate (DMCD‐2), dimethyl bicyclo[3.2.2]nonane‐1,5‐dicarboxylate (DMCD‐3), 1,4‐dimethoxycarbonyl‐1,4‐dimethylcyclohexane (DMCD‐M) and the aliphatic diols: ethylene glycol (EG) and 1,4‐cyclohexane dimethanol (CHDM). The polymer compositions were determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and the molecular weights were determined using size exclusion chromatography (SEC). The polyesters were characterized by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The copolyester based on DMCD‐2 was observed to have a higher glass transition temperature (T_g up to 115 °C) than the other copolyesters of this study. For poly[x(DMCD‐2)y(DMCD) 30(EG)70(CHDM)], T_g increases linearly with increase of DMCD‐2 mole content. DMA showed that all of the cycloaliphatic copolyesters have secondary relaxations, resulting from the conformational transitions of the cyclohexylene rings. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 2162–2169, 2010     

Crossover in dynamics of polymeric liquids: Back to Tll?

Light scattering spectra of two polymers, polyisobutylene (PIB) and polystyrene (PS), were analyzed in the broad frequency range at temperatures above the glass transition (T_g ). At high temperatures, the spectra followed the qualitative scenario suggested by mode‐coupling theory (MCT) of the glass transition. The crossover temperature (T_c ) was defined to be approximately 1.35 T_g in PIB and approximately 1.15 T_g in PS. At lower temperatures (T < T_c ), the light scattering spectra deviated strongly from the idealized MCT scenario. Different signs of the dynamic transition around T_c are discussed. The difference between the suggested interpretation and an old idea of the liquid–liquid transition in polymeric liquids is stressed: we describe the transition as purely dynamic in nature. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 38: 2785–2790, 2000     

Forensic comparative glass analysis by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Glass samples of four types commonly encountered in forensic examinations have been analyzed by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) for the purpose of discriminating between samples originating from different sources. Some of the glass sets were also examined by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). Refractive index (RI) measurements were also made on all glass samples and the refractive index data was combined with the LIBS and with the LA-ICP-MS data to enhance discrimination. The glass types examined included float glass taken from front and side automobile windows (examined on the non-float side), automobile headlamp glass, automobile side-mirror glass and brown beverage container glass. The largest overall discrimination was obtained by employing RI data in combination with LA-ICP-MS (98.8% discrimination of 666 pairwise comparisons at 95% confidence), while LIBS in combination with RI provided a somewhat lower discrimination (87.2% discrimination of 1122 pairwise comparisons at 95% confidence). Samples of side-mirror glass were less discriminated by LIBS due to a larger variance in emission intensities, while discrimination of side-mirror glass by LA-ICP-MS remained high.     

Oil and Water Separation Using a Glass Microfiber Coalescing Bed

A vertical sleeve separator using glass microfiber with a mean diameter of 4 µm as coalescence medium was explored to remove oil from the oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions. The artificial emulsions were prepared by mixing diesel oil and water to obtain oil droplets with a mean diameter about 7 µm. A series of experiments were performed to investigate the effect of such parameters as bed porosity (0.850–0.925), bed height (2.0–20.0 mm), flow velocity (1.0–20.0 mL/s), and influent oil concentration (200.0–3000.0 mg/L) on the effluent oil concentration and oil removal efficiency. The obtained effluent oil concentration was from 4.98 to 53.04 mg/L, and the oil removal efficiency was 96.4–99.8%. In addition, the article identifies the interaction between bed porosity and height, explains the mutual influences between the emulsion velocity and concentration, and quantitatively derives the appropriate ranges of bed characteristics and operating conditions.