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低维ZnO纳米材料* 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文主要综述了近年来ZnO纳米材料制备领域的一些新方法,简单比较了各种方法之间的优缺点;讨论了制备不同形貌的ZnO纳米材料的影响因素,其中重点讨论了表面活性剂的作用;介绍了ZnO纳米材料的性质及其可能的应用领域;并对ZnO纳米材料的发展前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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本文合成了含酰胺基团和不含酰胺基团的两类Gemini阳离子表面活性剂,测定了其表面活性参数,研究了酰胺基团对表面活性剂的表面活性和聚集行为的影响。结果表明,酰胺基团提高了Gemini阳离子表面活性剂的临界胶团浓度,降低了胶团聚集数,增强了胶团微极性,增大了表面活性剂的饱和吸附量。 相似文献
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紫外线辐照光强对HDPE化学结构及对HDPE/PC共混体系增容效应的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用FT-IR,XPS,凝胶分析以及熔融指数、接触角和力学性能测定,研究了不 同紫外辐照光强对高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)的化学结构、流动性、亲水性和辐照改性 HDPE在HDPE/聚碳酸酯(PC)共混体系中的增容效应的影响。在相同辐照时间下, 随紫外光强提高,引入HDPE分子链的含氧基团数量增加;在辐照过程中,紫外光强 对HDPE的交联有显著影响,在较低光强(32W/m~2)下辐照24h的HDPE无凝胶生成, 便在较高光强(45和78W/m~2)下辐照24h后,HDPE产生凝胶,其含量随紫外光强提 高而增多;与未辐照HDPE相比,较高光强下辐照HDPE的熔融指数有所下降,但其亲 水性得到明显改善;紫外辐照改性HDPE对HDPE/PC体系有增容作用,随紫外光强提 高其增容效应明显增强。与未增容HDPE/PC(80/20)体系相比,加入20%辐照 24hHDPE(光强78W/m~2)的HDPE/PC共混物的拉伸屈服强度从26.3MPa提高到30. 2MPa,缺口冲击强度从51J/m提高到158J/m。 相似文献
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Taking into consideration results of our microscopy studies and data given in the literature on the structure of hedrites, ovoids, and spiral ovoids, we have developed optical models for these morphological entities. These models are applied to calculations of small-angle scattered light intensity distributions for these structural elements. Analytic formulae computed for the Vv and Hv scattering patterns contain terms dependent only on azimuthal angle μ and vertical angle θ. For hedrites and ovoids, equations are derived relating the characteristic points of scattered light intensity patterns to structural parameters. The corresponding diagrams of light intensity distributions are given. 相似文献
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Yerin CV 《Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces》2007,56(1-2):161-Optics
Light scattering by magnetite particles in kerosene under the simultaneous action of crossed electric and magnetic fields was studied. Decreasing of variation of light scattering intensity at some values of electric and magnetic fields have been found. Values of fields at which a minimum of light scattering intensity occur depend on the angle between laser beam and the plane of crossed fields. 相似文献
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《Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy》2006,61(6):696-704
The periodic fluctuations in the Mie scattering intensity as a function of droplet diameter due to constructive and destructive interference of light reflected/diffracted from the droplet surface and light transmitted/refracted through the droplet were used to measure the desolvation rate of isolated water droplets in an inductively coupled plasma. The approach is applicable to study the desolvation of isolated, monodisperse droplets and does not require measurements as a function of wavelength or scattering angle. Use of a near forward scatter angle provides high intensity signals. Among the limitations of this measurement technique is the need to identify the absolute droplet diameter at one time during desolvation either by another droplet size measurement technique or by matching the pattern of Mie scattering intensity as the droplet evaporates to the theoretical intensity pattern. The results show that the droplet desolvation rate is not affected by the addition of 0.1 M NaCl to the sample even though the initial emission occurs earlier in time than when the sample does not contain a high matrix concentration. The measured droplet desolvation rates are higher than those reported by two previous publications but further measurements are needed to confirm the preliminary results reported here. 相似文献
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用表面等离子体子共振传感器测定人心肌肌钙蛋白I的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用自组装表面等离子体子共振(SPR)传感装置,固定入射角,以波长为变量,以CCD为检测系统,用对金和抗体均有较强吸附作用的葡萄球菌A蛋白作为基底膜,观测了人心肌肌钙蛋白I的抗体和抗原之间免疫反应的动力学过程,并进行了人心肌肌钙蛋白I的定量测定.结果表明,人心肌肌钙蛋白I的浓度在5.0~50μg/L范围内与传感器的响应值呈线性关系. 相似文献
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光催化抗雾膜材料的制备及其亲水性研究 总被引:28,自引:1,他引:27
采用改进的Sol-Gel技术制备负载型复合光催化抗雾膜材料,AES和接触角测定等手段研究了膜厚度、热处理条件及光照条件等因素对材料亲水性的影响,光催化抗雾膜的亲水性受控于TiO2的晶型和膜比表面,大比表面和高锐钛矿含量可降低膜对水的接触角,膜的厚度通过改变催化剂量和光利用率影响材料的亲水性。膜材料亲水性保持或恢复效果相当。 相似文献
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When a laser with 543, 668 or 790±50 nm was used to irradiate the reduced polyaniline film on an indium tin oxide electrode in hydrochloric acid, the light was scattered in all directions. The intensity of the scattered light decreased with increase in the detection angle up to the right angle. When the electrode potential was scanned between the insulating and the conducting domain, the intensity varied sigmoidally with hysteresis. The intensity increased with a decrease in the absorbance. The scattering of the light can be ascribed to multiple reflection, luminescence, or Rayleigh scattering. The spectra of the scattered light was identical with that of the incident light, suggesting the absence of luminescence. The intensity increased with an increase in thickness of the film, indicating a negligible contribution of multiple reflection. Since the volume of the oxidized film is larger than that of the reduced one, the film synthesized in the oxidized state is deformed by the electrode reduction. Then, the film density becomes locally inhomogeneous and this may give rise to the Rayleigh scattering. The potential-variation of the light scattering occurred at a more negative potential than that of the absorbance at 310 nm and of the current did. 相似文献
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Static light scattering and small angle neutron scattering measurements are reported for agarose hydrogels prepared under various conditions of concentration and temperature. For the wide range of transfer wave vector explored, these measurements show that the gels do not display fractal behaviour. Their structure is better described by a stretched exponential form, in which the value of the exponent is n = 0.2. As found by other authors, a maximum in the scattering intensity is observed in the light scattering spectra. The position of the maximum, qmax, depends on the concentration and on the thermal history of the sample. The inverse length 1/qmax is in good agreement with published measurements of the pore size D in this system. Preliminary measurements by small angle scattering indicate that the sol-gel transition is not of spinodal type. 相似文献
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在ITO(indium-tin-oxide)透明电极和石英基片上,分别制备了两种C60吡咯环多羧基衍生物的自组装膜,并用接触角、紫外光谱和电化学循环伏安进行表征.测定了这两种自组装膜体系的光电转换性质,研究了电子受体、偏压和光强等因素对它的影响. 相似文献