e~＋e~－湮没中L＝1激发态重子的产生比例

用一个简化模型概括的低激发态重子主要衰变分支比和我们在文献［２］中给出的基本关系，得出Ｌ＝１激发态重子对∑（１３８５），∑＋，（１５３０）和的衰变贡献，进而用γ共振能量下的实验值Ｒ１＝（１５３０），Ｒ２＝∑（１３８５）／∑和Ｒ３＝∧（１５２０）／∑（１３８５）作输入，估算了Ｌ＝１的各激发态重子的产生比例．     

e+e－湮没中L=1激发态重子的产生比例

用一个简化模型概括的低激发态重子主要衰变分支比和我们在文献[2]中给出的基本关系,得出L=1激发态重子对∑⁺(1385),∑⁺,Ξ⁰(1530)和Ξ⁰的衰变贡献,进而用γ共振能量下的实验值R₁=(1530)/Ξ,R₂=∑(1385)/∑和R₃=∧(1520)/∑(1385)作输入,估算了L=1的各激发态重子的产生比例.     

奇特的"五夸克态"和重子中的五夸克成分

文章简要介绍了奇特的θ^＋五夸克态、质子中的奇异夸克成分和重子激发态中的五夸克成分等重子谱和重子结构方面的一些最新前沿进展．最新的高统计量实验结果表明，轰动一时的suudd五夸克态θ^＋（1540）很可能不存在．而最新的几个电弱相干实验给出一致的结果：质子的奇异磁矩和奇异半径很可能不为零，且均为正．理论分析表明，这意味着质子中的ssuud成分很可能主要是以夸克对有色集团的形式存在，而不是以传统的介子云无色集团的形式存在．对最轻的负宇称核子激发态N^＊（1535）一些性质的最新研究支持这种关于重子中的五夸克成分的新图像．     

夸克势模型中的重子–重子相互作用自旋–轨道耦合势

在夸克－夸克自旋－轨道耦合势中引入了由海夸克效应产生的、与颜色自由度无关的自旋－轨道耦合势．并定性地讨论了这个势对重子谱及重子－重子相互作用计算中的影响．     

相对论层子模型中的介子和重子波函数

本文从层子模型的基本假定出发,对介子和重子波函数进行了探讨。文中讨论了介子、重子这样的强耦合束缚态的物理特性,指出“层子对”的产生效应对波函数的贡献是重要的。文中给出了具有任意角动量的介子波函数的一般形式。在质心系中,假定介子波函数和重子波函数具有近似的SU₆对称性质,得到了在质心系具有SU₆对称性质的介子波函数和基态重子波函数的一般形式,禁戒了实验中不出现的介子态。在质心系假定了O₃?SU₆对称性,写下了在质心系具有这种对称性的几个低激发态重子的波函数。在每一个O₃?SU₆多重态中的介子和重子波函数都含有两个洛仑兹协变的空间函数,对强耦合的束缚态,由于“层子对”的产生效应是重要的,这两个不变函数一般是不相等的。由于只在质心系假定了SU₆和O₃?SU₆对称,因而可以使波函数具有洛仑兹协变性,即运动系中这种对称性是不存在的。     

夸克势模型中的重子－重子相互作用自旋－轨道耦合势

在夸克－夸克自旋－轨道耦合势中引入了由海夸克效应产生的、与颜色自由度无关的自旋－轨道耦合势．并定性地讨论了这个势对重子谱及重子－重子相互作用计算中的影响．     

低动量末态粒子的模拟和探测对[I]^＊重子谱研究的影响

北京正负电子对撞机上的BES实验为系统地进行重子谱研究提供了一个很好的舞台，由于很多待研究的衰变道末态为多个小动量的粒子，给探测和分析带来困难．本工作以通过衰变道J／ψ→[I]^*∧K^-研究激发态为例，比较了不同模型的蒙特卡罗模拟，并结合实验数据，分析了该类型重子谱研究的探测限及产生子和探测器模拟对结果的影响。     

QCD微扰理论和原子核(2)核子-介子耦合顶点的结构

利用禁闭夸克系统的QCD低阶微扰,讨论了核子-介子耦合顶点的结构。在MIT袋模型球腔近似下,导出了从核子→核子（重子）+介子顶点结构的几率振幅。在不考虑末态重子与介子的分裂和相对运动时的计算表明,相应于核子-核子相互作用中的激发态重介子（B、δ、A₁…）交换和有激发态重子（N^*、Δ^*）为中间态的双π交换过程是主要的。但单π、单ρ、ω等介子交换过程未出现。     

重子谱现状及兰州CSR可开展的N*研究项目(英文)

概述了重子谱研究现状及在北京正负电子对撞机通过J/Ψ衰变开展重子谱研究的最新进展.探讨了在兰州CSR可开展的核子激发态研究项目. Status of baryon spectroscopy and recent progress of the baryon program from J/Ψ decays at Beijing Electron Positron Collider (BEPC) are briefly reviewed. Possible N* program at Lanzhou CSR is discussed.     

低动量末态粒子的模拟和探测对Ξ重子谱研究的影响

北京正负电子对撞机上的BES实验为系统地进行重子谱研究提供了一个很好的舞台.由于很多待研究的衰变道末态为多个小动量的粒子,给探测和分析带来困难.本工作以通过衰变道J/ψ→Ξ+ΛK–研究Ξ激发态为例,比较了不同模型的蒙特卡罗模拟,并结合实验数据,分析了该类型重子谱研究的探测限及产生子和探测器模拟对结果的影响.     

Defining Relations for Lie Superalgebras with Cartan Matrix

We completely describe presentations of Lie superalgebras with Cartan matrix if they are simple -graded of polynomial growth. Such matrices can be neither integer nor symmetrizable. There are non-Serre relations encountered. In certain cases there are infinitely many relations. For symmetrizable Cartan matrices similar (but not identical) presentations are obtained by Yamane who also considered q-quantized versions of these relations (q-alg 9603015). Yamane did not try to find out which of the relations he offers constitute a minimal set generating all other relations; contrariwise we give minimal sets of defining relations and in various cases our relations look much simpler than Yamane's (though still very complicated in some cases).     

A Riemannian geometry for thermodynamic state space

We consider a class of thermodynamic systems in which the dynamics of the spontaneous approach to equilibrium is governed by the gradient of negentropy, where the gradient is taken with respect to a Riemannian metric. In open systems (dissipative structures) this gradient field is superposed with a vector field of interactions with environment. We consider three characteristics of the economy of dissipative structures: negentropy inflow (income), negentropy consumption (i.e. entropy production), and negentropy surplus (reserves). We derive explicit formulas for these characteristics and for the relations between them.     

Perceived sound quality of sound-reproducing systems.

Perceived sound quality of loudspeakers, headphones, and hearing aids was investigated by multivariate techniques from experimental psychology with the purpose (a) to find out and interpret the meaning of relevant dimensions in perceived sound quality, (b) find out the positions of the investigated systems in these dimensions, (c) explore the relations between the perceptual dimensions and the physical characteristics of the systems, and (d) explore the relations between the perceptual dimensions and overall evaluations of the systems. The resulting dimensions were interpreted as "clearness/distinctness," "sharpness/hardness softness," "brightness-darkness," "fullness-thinness," "feeling of space," "nearness," "disturbing sounds," and "loudness." Their relations to physical variables were explored by studying the positions of the investigated systems in the respective dimensions. Their relations to overall evaluations were studied, and the implications of the investigations for continued research are discussed.     

Optimal channels of the Garvey-Kelson mass relations in extrapolation

Garvey-Kelson mass relations connect nuclear masses of neighboring nuclei within high accuracy, and provide us with convenient tools in predicting unknown masses by extrapolations from existent experimental data. In this paper we investigate optimal"channels" of the Garvey-Kelson relations in extrapolation to the unknown regions, and tabulate our predicted masses by using these optimized channels of the Garvey-Kelson relations.     

Distributions of positive correlations in sectoral value added growth in the global economic network*

International trade has grown considerably during the process of globalization. Complex supply chains for the production of goods have resulted in an increasingly connected International Trade Network (ITN). Traditionally, direct trade relations between industries have been regarded as mediators of supply and demand spillovers. With increasing network connectivity the question arises if higher-order relations become more important in explaining a national sector’s susceptibility to supply and demand changes of its trading partner. In this study we address this question by investigating empirically to what extent the topological properties of the ITN provide information about positive correlations in the production of two industry sectors. We observe that although direct trade relations between industries serve as important indicators for correlations in the industries’ value added growth, opportunities of substitution for required production inputs as well as second-order trade relations cannot be neglected. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the relation between trade and economic productivity and can serve as a basis for the improvement of crisis spreading models that evaluate contagion threats in the case of a node’s failure in the ITN.     

Bounds of Efficiency at Maximum Power for Normal-, Sub- and Super-Dissipative Carnot-Like Heat Engines

The Carnot-like heat engines are classified into three types (normal-, sub- and, super-dissipative) according to relations between the minimum irreversible entropy production in the "isothermal" processes and the time for completing those processes. The efficiencies at maximum power of normal-, sub- and super-dissipative Carnot-like heat engines are proved to be bounded between η C /2 and η C /(2 η C ), η C /2 and η C , 0 and η C /(2 η C ), respectively. These bounds are also shared by linear, sub- and super-linear irreversible Carnot-like engines [Tu and Wang, Europhys. Lett. 98 (2012) 40001] although the dissipative engines and the irreversible ones are inequivalent to each other.     

Nonlinear Grassmannσ-models,Toda equations,and self-dual Einstein equations: supplements to previous papers

We review recent results on the relations between classical solutions of nonlinear-models and Toda equations, and point out some relations among Toda equations (two-dimensions), the continuum Toda equation (three-dimensions), and self-dual Einstein equations (four-dimensions).Partially supported by the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research, No. 04640088.     

Stochastic thermodynamics: principles and perspectives

Stochastic thermodynamics provides a framework for describing small systems like colloids or biomolecules driven out of equilibrium but still in contact with a heat bath. Both, a first-law like energy balance involving exchanged heat and entropy production entering refinements of the second law can consistently be defined along single stochastic trajectories. Various exact relations involving the distribution of such quantities like integral and detailed fluctuation theorems for total entropy production and the Jarzynski relation follow from such an approach based on Langevin dynamics. Analogues of these relations can be proven for any system obeying a stochastic master equation like, in particular, (bio)chemically driven enzyms or whole reaction networks. The perspective of investigating such relations for stochastic field equations like the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation is sketched as well.