A Gaussian-3 theoretical study of small silicon-lithium clusters: electronic structures and electron affinities of SinLi(-) (n = 2-8)

The molecular structures of neutral Si n Li ( n = 2-8) species and their anions have been studied by means of the higher level of the Gaussian-3 (G3) techniques. The lowest energy structures of these clusters have been reported. The ground-state structures of neutral clusters are "attaching structures", in which the Li atom is bound to Si n clusters. The ground-state geometries of anions, however, are "substitutional structures", which is derived from Si n+1 by replacing a Si atom with a Li (-). The electron affinities of Si n Li and Si n have been presented. The theoretical electron affinities of Si n are in good agreement with the experiment data. The reliable electron affinities of Si n Li are predicted to be 1.87 eV for Si 2Li, 2.06 eV for Si 3Li, 2.01 eV for Si 4Li, 2.61 eV for Si 5Li, 2.36 eV for Si 6Li, 2.21 eV for Si 7Li, and 3.18 eV for Si 8Li. The dissociation energies of Li atom from the lowest energy structures of Si n Li and Si atom from Si n clusters have also been estimated respectively to examine relative stabilities.     

Ag-enhanced SEI formation on Si particles for lithium batteries

Ag particles have been deposited on commercial Si particles. The effects of Ag deposition on Si are characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), XPS, XRD, CV, LSC and EIS. The improved electrochemical performance of Si electrode is attributed to the decomposition of electrolyte on Ag/Si electrode prior to Li insertion that leads to Si particle pulverization. The products of the decomposed electrolyte binds the Si particles and ensures good electric contact between them.     

Comparison of solar silicon feedstock

One of the major factors in reducing a cost of commercial solar cells is the lifetime of the photovoltaic material. In this work, a deterioration of Si generated by solvent metal gathering method (SMG) and Si removed from damaged solar cells is analyzed and compared with electronic grade Si. The differences in heating and cooling cycles on the DTA curves of different solar grade Si and Cu–Si mixtures are compared. A nonequilibrium exothermic reaction in Si generated by SMG method is recorded in samples aged in room atmosphere for 1 year. The outcomes of the cooling cycles after the DTA analyses for various solar grades Si were not significantly differentiated from the referred electronic grade Si indicating that recrystallization of aged Si diminishes the problem related to agglomeration of Cu and oxygen on the surface of Si solar grade particles. The DTA tests showed that recrystallized Si from the deteriorated solar cells can be recycled as feedstock materials for solar cells applications while Si generated by SMG method can be used for blending in order to achieve a long lifetime of Si solar cells.     

Silicon monohydride clusters Si(n)H (n = 4-10) and their anions: structures, thermochemistry, and electron affinities

The molecular structures, electron affinities, and dissociation energies of the Si(n)H/Si(n)H- (n = 4-10) species have been examined via five hybrid and pure density functional theory (DFT) methods. The basis set used in this work is of double-zeta plus polarization quality with additional diffuse s- and p-type functions, denoted DZP++. The geometries are fully optimized with each DFT method independently. The three different types of neutral-anion energy separations presented in this work are the adiabatic electron affinity (EA(ad)), the vertical electron affinity (EA(vert)), and the vertical detachment energy (VDE). The first Si-H dissociation energies, D(e)(Si(n)H --> Si(n) + H) for neutral Si(n)H and D(e)(Si(n)H- --> Si(n)- + H) for anionic Si(n)H- species, have also been reported. The structures of the ground states of these clusters are traditional H-Si single-bond forms. The ground-state geometries of Si5H, Si6H, Si8H, and Si9H predicted by the DFT methods are different from previous calculations, such as those obtained by Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics and nonorthogonal tight-binding molecular dynamics schemes. The most reliable EA(ad) values obtained at the B3LYP level of theory are 2.59 (Si4H), 2.84 (Si5H), 2.86 (Si6H), 3.19 (Si7H), 3.14 (Si8H), 3.36 (Si9H), and 3.56 (Si10H) eV. The first dissociation energies (Si(n)H --> Si(n) + H) predicted by all of these methods are 2.20-2.29 (Si4H), 2.30-2.83 (Si5H), 2.12-2.41 (Si6H), 1.75-2.03 (Si7H), 2.41-2.72 (Si8H), 1.86-2.11 (Si9H), and 1.92-2.27 (Si10H) eV. For the negatively charged ion clusters (Si(n)H- --> Si(n)- + H), the dissociation energies predicted are 2.56-2.69 (Si4H-), 2.80-3.01 (Si5H-), 2.86-3.06 (Si6H-), 2.80-3.03 (Si7H-), 2.69-2.92 (Si8H-), 2.92-3.18 (Si9H-), and 2.89-3.25 (Si10H-) eV.     

Thermal redistribution reactions in crosslinked polysiloxanes

The thermolysis under argon of various polysiloxane resins containing D, T, D^H, or T^H units was investigated using thermogravimetric analysis combined with mass spectroscopy (TG/MS analysis) and solid-state ²⁹Si-NMR. Redistribution reactions involving the exchange of Si? C/Si? O bonds or Si? H/Si? O bonds were evidenced in addition to the exchange of Si? O/Si? O bonds reported to date. These reactions significantly modify the initial siloxane units and lead to an escape of volatile silanes or siloxanes. The exchange of Si? H/Si? O bonds takes place at lower temperatures (300°C) than the exchange of Si? C/Si? O bonds (500°C).     

High-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies of alkylated silicon(111) surfaces

Hydrogen-terminated, chlorine-terminated, and alkyl-terminated crystalline Si(111) surfaces have been characterized using high-resolution, soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy from a synchrotron radiation source. The H-terminated Si(111) surface displayed a Si 2p(3/2) peak at a binding energy 0.15 eV higher than the bulk Si 2p(3/2) peak. The integrated area of this shifted peak corresponded to one equivalent monolayer, consistent with the assignment of this peak to surficial Si-H moieties. Chlorinated Si surfaces prepared by exposure of H-terminated Si to PCl5 in chlorobenzene exhibited a Si 2p(3/2) peak at a binding energy of 0.83 eV above the bulk Si peak. This higher-binding-energy peak was assigned to Si-Cl species and had an integrated area corresponding to 0.99 of an equivalent monolayer on the Si(111) surface. Little dichloride and no trichloride Si 2p signals were detected on these surfaces. Silicon(111) surfaces alkylated with CnH(2n+1)- (n = 1 or 2) or C6H5CH2- groups were prepared by exposing the Cl-terminated Si surface to an alkylmagnesium halide reagent. Methyl-terminated Si(111) surfaces prepared in this fashion exhibited a Si 2p(3/2) signal at a binding energy of 0.34 eV above the bulk Si 2p(3/2) peak, with an area corresponding to 0.85 of a Si(111) monolayer. Ethyl- and C6H5CH2-terminated Si(111) surfaces showed no evidence of either residual Cl or oxidized Si and exhibited a Si 2p(3/2) peak approximately 0.20 eV higher in energy than the bulk Si 2p(3/2) peak. This feature had an integrated area of approximately 1 monolayer. This positively shifted Si 2p(3/2) peak is consistent with the presence of Si-C and Si-H surface functionalities on such surfaces. The SXPS data indicate that functionalization by the two-step chlorination/alkylation process proceeds cleanly to produce oxide-free Si surfaces terminated with the chosen alkyl group.     

Si/Ti_xSi_y复合物的合成及其锂离子电池负极性能研究

通过机械球磨和高温热处理合成得到Si和Ti_xSi_y纳米颗粒复合物Si/Ti_xSi_y,并对该化合物进行X射线能谱(EDX)、X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征.合成的Si/Ti_xSi_y和机械球磨的Si/TiO_2都被用于锂离子电池的负极材料,Si/Ti_xSi_y表现出优越的充放电性能、较好的循环稳定性和倍率性能.     

Studies on the mechanical and friction properties of polyamide 6-Cu/Si nanocomposites

Polyamide 6 nanocomposites reinforced with Cu/Si nanoparticles (PA6-Cu/Si) were prepared by the in-situ ring-opening polymerization of ?-caprolactam. The in-situ polymerization was critical for preventing the aggregation of Cu/Si nanoparticles. The Cu/Si nanoparticles in the nanocomposite retained their nano characteristics and were not oxidized by the amino groups in PA6. The structure of the as-fabricated PA6-Cu/Si nanocomposite was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy (UV-vis). The friction and wear resistance, mechanical strength, and antistatic performance of PA6-Cu/Si were also evaluated. The PA6 polymer chains prevent the Cu/Si nanoparticles from aggregation by coating the surface of the Cu/Si nanoparticles via physical adsorption or an electrostatic effect. The mass fraction of the Cu/Si nanoparticles also had a significant effect on the crystalline form of PA6. The γ crystalline form of PA6 was predominant at a high mass fraction of Cu/Si to PA6. Moreover, PA6-Cu/Si with improved mechanical properties and wear resistance was generated by tuning the amount of nano-Cu/Si filler added during the polymerization. PA6-Cu/Si with a nano-Cu/Si content of 0.5% possesses the highest tensile strength and wear resistance and shows promise in applications as a functional polymer-matrix composite.     

^29Si,^27AIMASNMR研究不同脱铝深度稀土 超稳Y沸石中Si、Al的分布

本文应用^29Si,^27AIMASNMR和XRD技术,测量了四种不同脱铝深度的稀土超稳Y沸石的骨架硅铝比,得到了一致的结果,并研究了稀土超稳Y沸石的脱铝过程和稀土离子和Y沸石骨架铝的机理.发现稀土离子存在时,Y沸石骨架中Si、Al的分布与相同硅铝比的ＨＹ不同,在浅、中度脱铝时,主要脱除的是Si(2Al)和Si(3Al)中的铝,深度脱铝时,主要是Si(1Al)和少量Si(2Al)中的铝,而Si(3Al)几乎不变,提出稀土离子最可能是位于方钠的Si(3Al)附近,平衡三个AlO 四面体上的负电荷,起到稳定Si(3Al)结构单元的作用.其次,稀土超稳Y沸石中总的非骨架铝(N~Al)~EF,随脱铝深度的增加而增加,仅只在REUSY-38的^27AIMAS NMR谱中观察到Al^3+非骨架铝的存在.^29Si,^27AIMASNMR     

Theoretical investigation of the structure and coverage of the Si(111)-OCH3 surface

The surface structure, strain energy, and charge profile of the methoxylated Si(111) surface, Si(111)-OCH3, has been studied using quantum mechanics, and the results are compared to those obtained previously for Si(111)-CH3 and Si(111)-C2H5. The calculations indicate that 100% coverage is feasible for Si(111)-OCH3 (similar to the methylated surface), as compared to only approximately 80% coverage for the ethylated surface. These differences can be understood in terms of nearest-neighbor steric and electrostatic interactions. Enthalpy and free energy calculations indicate that the formation of the Si(111)-OCH3 surface from Si(111)-H and methanol is favorable at 300 K. The calculations have also indicated the conditions under which stacking faults can emerge on Si(111)-OCH3, and such conditions are contrasted with the behavior of Si(111)-CH3 and Si(111)-CH2CH3 surfaces, for which stacking faults are calculated to be energetically feasible when etch pits with sufficiently long edges are present on the surface.     

A review of silicon and silicone determination in tissue and body fluids – a need for standard reference materials

The role of Si in nature is briefly described, especially the toxic properties of inorganic and organic Si for humans. The use of different forms of silicones in medicine and food industry is noted and potential consequences of their use are discussed. Since Si is an essential trace element there is need for establishment of the “normal” level of Si in blood, other body fluids and tissues and development of speciation of Si forms in biological samples. Numerous difficulties in the determination of Si are described and the need for SRM is stressed. The results of the determination of Si in blood of patients with Si breast implants and controls, Si in milk and blood of nursing mothers – with and without Si breast implants and extractable Si in capsules – are summarized. The obtained data reinforce the need for a reliable SRM.     

SAPO-34分子筛合成中的主客体电荷平衡与硅分布(英文)

SAPO-34分子筛的硅磷酸铝组成与菱沸石笼结构孔道促进了甲醇高效转化为乙烯、丙烯(MTO)的反应,以其为催化剂的工业过程不断取得进步.然而,MTO反应过程中SAPO-34分子筛的迅速失活成为困扰该过程的重要问题.研究发现,反应中形成的多环芳烃阻塞了SAPO-34分子筛晶粒表面的笼结构孔道,甲醇分子难以向晶体内部扩散,致使分子筛在其活性中心未曾充分利用之前便己失活.为此,纳米晶粒SAPO-34的合成引起了人们的广泛兴趣,通过提高分子筛晶体的利用率有限地延长了催化剂的MTO反应寿命.但反应后催化剂的结焦量明显增加,说明引起SAPO-34结焦的因素不因晶粒的减小而受到抑制.我们曾研究了无硅A1P04-34分子筛的MTO反应,发现初始活性良好的催化剂在未结焦的情况下却因为活性中心的缺失而失活.显然,SAPO-34的MTO反应活性及其结焦均与其酸性密切相关,而酸性取决于其结构中的硅含量与硅分布.我们通过单晶结构解析获得了二乙胺(DEA)与哌嗪(PIPZ)导向合成SAPO-34的晶体结构,并从文献获得了四乙基氢氧化铵(TEAOH)、三乙胺(TEA)、吗啉(MOR)为模板剂合成SAPO-34的晶体结构.按照SAPO-34结构中菱沸石笼内形成的模板剂阳离子的电荷数(R)对不同模板剂导向合成的SAPO-34加以分类:TEAOH,TEA(R~+);DEA,MOR(2R~+);PIPZ(2R~(2+)).它们不因SAPO-34合成条件的变化而改变.依据分子筛骨架负电荷与SAPO-34菱沸石笼内模板剂阳离子正电荷平衡的原则(主客体电荷平衡),模板剂的类型决定SAPO-34骨架负电荷数,即引入硅形成的酸中心密度;酸中心的强度则取决于合成体系中硅的加入量.由此可以给出不同类型模板剂导向合成SAPO-34骨架中的最低硅含量(形成隔离硅原子).R~+型模板剂SiO_2/Al_2O_3为0.11;2R~+型模板剂为0.22;2R~(2+)型模板剂为0.44.合成体系中硅加入量的增加,会在SAPO-34骨架中形成"硅岛"结构.然而,我们的研究表明,"硅岛"的形成同样受到主客体电荷平衡原则的制约.通过结构分析发现,一个独立的"五硅岛"至少为6个相邻的菱沸石笼所分享,而每个"五硅岛"仅能形成3个负电荷.以R~+型模板剂导向合成的SAPO-34为例,需要6个骨架负电荷来平衡6个菱沸石笼中的R~+电荷,因此,除了"五硅岛"的3个负电荷,还要在这些笼骨架上形成3个"孤立"硅原子.该类模板剂导向合成SAPO-34,形成"五硅岛"的最低SiO_2/Al_2O_3摩尔比(硅含量)为0.45.进一步分析可知,在相邻的7个菱沸石笼之间可以分别形成"八硅岛"、"十一硅岛",而"十四硅岛"只能形成于相邻的10个菱沸石笼之间.同理,每种"硅岛"的形成都要伴随相应数目的"孤立"硅原子共同来平衡菱沸石笼内的R~+电荷.对于以2R~+型模板剂导向合成的SAPO-34,仍然是6个相邻的菱沸石笼分享"五硅岛",但是,每个菱沸石笼内的正电荷阳离子数增加了一倍,为满足主客体电荷平衡,需要形成更多"孤立"硅原子.由此可见,随着菱沸石笼内模板剂电荷数的增加,骨架的负电荷密度增大,给SAPO-34带来了更多酸中心,无论硅以"孤立"硅原子形式分布,还是形成"硅岛".同时,"硅岛"伴随"孤立"硅原子的共同存在也使我们理解了~(29)Si MAS NMR中的一个独特现象:在硅含量很高时形成了"硅岛",可是却存在着很强的属于"孤立"硅原子的谱峰.     

Density functional theory study on fundamental vibrational spectra of disilyl iodide and its isotopomer

Density function theory calculations using B3' exchange functional and LYP' correlation functionals (B3LYP) with the 3-21G** basis set were carried out to study the molecular structure and fundamental vibrational frequencies of Si2H5Br, Si2H5I and their isotopomers. One scale factor used to scale Si-H(D) force constants for Si2H5Br is transferred from Si2H5Br to Si2H5I. Other scale factors of force constants for Si2H5I and Si2D5I are determined by a least-squares fitting to experimental vibrational frequencies. The predictions of fundamental vibrational frequencies for Si2H5I and its isotopomer are given. The scaled DFT force fields using B3LYP/3-21G** reproduced the observed fundamental vibrational frequencies of Si2H5I and its deuterium isotopomer with a mean absolute deviation of 6 cm(-1). Reassignment of some fundamental vibrational modes of Si2H5I and its isotopomer is discussed.     

Integration of Graphite and Silicon Anodes for the Commercialization of High‐Energy Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Silicon is considered a most promising anode material for overcoming the theoretical capacity limit of carbonaceous anodes. The use of nanomethods has led to significant progress being made with Si anodes to address the severe volume change during (de)lithiation. However, less progress has been made in the practical application of Si anodes in commercial lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). The drastic increase in the energy demands of diverse industries has led to the co‐utilization of Si and graphite resurfacing as a commercially viable method for realizing high energy. Herein, we highlight the necessity for the co‐utilization of graphite and Si for commercialization and discuss the development of graphite/Si anodes. Representative Si anodes used in graphite‐blended electrodes are covered and a variety of strategies for building graphite/Si composites are organized according to their synthetic methods. The criteria for the co‐utilization of graphite and Si are systematically presented. Finally, we provide suggestions for the commercialization of graphite/Si combinations.     

Direct covalent grafting of conjugated molecules onto Si, GaAs, and Pd surfaces from aryldiazonium salts

Using aryldiazonium salts that are air-stable and easily synthesized, we describe here a one-step, room-temperature route to direct covalent bonds between pi-conjugated organic molecules on three material surfaces: Si, GaAs, and Pd. The Si can be in the form of single crystal Si including heavily doped p-type Si, intrinsic Si, heavily doped n-type Si, on Si(111) and Si(100), and on n-type polycrystalline Si. The formation of the aryl-metal or aryl-semiconductor bond attachments was confirmed by corroborating evidence from ellipsometry, reflectance FTIR, XPS, cyclic voltammetry, and AFM analyses of the surface-grafted monolayers. A data-encompassing explanation for the mechanism suggests a diazonium activation by reduction at the open circuit potential, with aryl radical secondary products bonding to the surface. The synthetic details are included for preparing the surface-grafted monolayers and the precursor diazonium salts. This spontaneous diazonium activation reaction offers an attractive route to highly passivating, robust monolayers and multilayers on many surfaces that allow for strong bonds between carbon and surface atoms with molecular species that are near perpendicular to the surface.     

Cubic aluminum silicides RE8Ru12Al49Si9(Al(x)Si12-x) (RE = Pr, Sm) from liquid aluminum. Empty (Si,Al)12 cuboctahedral clusters and assignment of the Al/Si distribution with neutron diffraction.

Two new quaternary aluminum silicides, RE8Ru12Al49Si9(Al(x)Si12-x) (x approximately 4; RE = Pr, Sm), have been synthesized from Sm (or Sm2O3), Pr, Ru, and Si in molten aluminum between 800 and 1000 degrees C in sealed fused silica tubes. Both compounds form black shiny crystals that are stable in air and NaOH. The Nd analog is also stable. The compounds crystallize in a new structural type. The structure, determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, is cubic, space group Pm3m with Z = 1, and has lattice parameters of a = 11.510(1) A for Sm8Ru12Al49Si9(Al(x)Si12-x) and a = 11.553(2) A for Pr8Ru12Al49Si9(Al(x)Si12-x) (x approximately 4). The structure consists of octahedral units of AlSi6, at the cell center, Si2Ru4Al8 clusters, at each face center, SiAl8 cubes, at the middle of the cell edges, and unique (Al,Si)12 cuboctohedral clusters, at the cell corners. These different structural units are connected to each other either by shared atoms, Al-Al bonds, or Al-Ru bonds. The rare earth metal atoms fill the space between various structural units. The Al/Si distribution was verified by single-crystal neutron diffraction studies conducted on Pr8Ru12Al49Si9(Al(x)Si12-x). Sm8Ru12Al49Si9(Al(x)Si12-x) and Pr8Ru12Al49Si9(Al(x)Si12-x) show ferromagnetic ordering at Tc approximately 10 and approximately 20 K, respectively. A charge of 3+ can be assigned to the rare earth atoms while the Ru atoms are diamagnetic.     

Structure and stability of oxygen adsorption on Si(n) (n = 5-10) clusters

The structures, binding energies, and electronic properties of one oxygen atom (O) and two oxygen atoms (2O) adsorption on silicon clusters Si(n) with n ranging from 5 to 10 are studied systematically by ab initio calculations. Twelve stable structures are obtained, two of which are in agreement with those reported in previous literature and the others are new structures that have not been proposed before. Further investigations on the fragmentations of Si(n)O and Si(n)O2 (n = 5-10) clusters indicate that the pathways Si(n)O --> Si(n-1) + SiO and Si(n)O2 --> Si(n-2) + Si2O2 are most favorable from thermodynamic viewpoint. Among the studied silicon oxide clusters, Si8O, Si9O, Si5O2 and Si8O2 correspond to large adsorption energies of silicon clusters with respect to O or 2O, while Si8O, with the smallest dissociation energy, has a tendency to separate into Si7 + SiO. Using the recently developed quasi-atomic minimal-basis-orbital method, we have also calculated the unsaturated valences of the neutral Si(n) clusters. Our calculation results show that the Si atoms which have the largest unsaturated valences are more attractive to O atom. Placing O atom right around the Si atoms with the largest unsaturated valences usually leads to stable structures of the silicon oxide clusters.     

Matryoshka-type carbon-stabilized hollow Si spheres as an advanced anode material for lithium-ion batteries

Silicon(Si) is regarded as the potential anode for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs), due to the remarkable theoretical specific capacity and low voltage plateau. However, the rapid capacity decay resulting from volume variation and slow electron/ion transportation of Si limit its practical application. Here, matryoshka-type carbon-stabilized hollow silicon spheres(Si/C/Si/C) are synthesized by an aluminothermic reduction and calcination process. The Si/C/Si/C anode materials prepared at 500 ℃(Si/C/Si...     

Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of Al-20%Si Containing Cerium

In this paper the effect of cerium addition in hypereutectic Al-Si alloys was studied. Casting method was used to produce Al-20Si with variation of Ce contents. The sample characterization studied was investigated by Optical Microscope, X-ray fluorescence and X-ray Diffraction. Vickers microhardness and wear test was carried out to study the influence of Ce towards the Al-20Si alloys. The addition of Ce in the Al-20Si alloys refined the Si primary phase as the Ce content increases. The results showed that the addition of 0.46 to 2.24 wt.% of cerium in Al-20Si alloys led to the formation of fine cells dispersed in the Al-matrix. These fine cells consist of a mixture of eutectic Si particles and intermetallic Al3Ce and CeAl1.2Si0.8 phase in Al matrix. The amount of rod- like intermetallic Al3Ce and CeAl1.2Si0.8 phase increases with increasing Ce content. The microhardness of Al-20Si alloys increases with the increase in Ce content. Addition of Ce up to 1.61 wt.% Ce improve the wear properties of Al-20Si alloy.     

Gold as hydrogen: structural and electronic properties and chemical bonding in Si3Au3(+0-) and comparisons to Si3H3(+0-)

A single Au atom has been shown to behave like H in its bonding to Si in several mono- and disilicon gold clusters. In the current work, we investigate the AuH analogy in trisilicon gold clusters, Si3Au3(+0-). Photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional calculations are combined to examine the geometric and electronic structure of Si3Au3-. We find that there are three isomers competing for the ground state of Si3Au3- as is the case for Si3H3-. Extensive structural searches show that the potential energy surfaces of the trisilicon gold clusters (Si3Au3-, Si3Au3, and Si3Au3+) are similar to those of the corresponding silicon hydrides. The lowest energy isomers for Si3Au3- and Si3Au3 are structurally similar to a Si3Au four-membered ring serving as a common structural motif. For Si3Au3+, the 2pi aromatic cyclotrisilenylium auride ion, analogous to the aromatic cyclotrisilenylium ion (Si3H3+), is the most stable species. Comparison of the structures and chemical bonding between Si3Au3(+0-) and the corresponding silicon hydrides further extends the isolobal analogy between Au and H.