时滞对结构振动半主动控制效果的影响

应用磁流变阻尼器对结构振动进行控制，采用最优控制原理设计了控制器，给出在地震激励下结构半主动控制的仿真计算。研究了时滞对结构振动半主动控制效果的影响。数值结果表明：本文设计的半主动控制策略可有效地减小结构的振动响应，时滞对磁流变半主动控制效果随着时滞的增大而变差，但时滞不会导致该反馈控制系统的失稳。     

非线性时滞反馈控制系统超谐共振分析

采用增量谐波平衡法求解了非线性时滞微分方程的超谐共振解,研究了时滞、反馈控制增益、激励幅值、非线性项系数等系统参数对系统超谐共振响应的影响,分析了超谐共振响应随系统参数变化的规律。结果表明:三次谐波与一次谐波振幅的比值随时滞量呈周期性变化;反馈控制增益对系统超谐共振的影响与非线性项系数和激励幅值有关;随着非线性项系数和激励幅值的不断增大,三次谐波项与一次谐波项振幅的比值都是先增大后减小,而且减小的趋势逐渐减弱;一次谐波成份在振幅中占主导地位。     

时滞位移反馈作用下压电耦合梁非线性受迫振动

采用非线性动力学中的直接法,从理论上推导了时滞位移反馈控制作用下压电耦合梁非线性受迫主共振、亚谐波共振响应一阶近似解,研究了时滞、反馈控制增益、激励幅值等系统参数对系统非线性受迫振动的影响,分析了主共振、亚谐波共振动力响应随参数变化的规律。结果表明:主共振响应幅值随时滞量呈周期性变化;随着反馈增益的增大,系统响应幅值得到明显抑制,合理地控制系统参数选取可提高振动控制的效率。     

时滞效应对弹性地基上梁主共振响应影响分析

本文研究了弹性地基上梁主共振响应的时滞效应．基于Hamilton原理,建立了时滞影响下弹性地基上梁的非线性运动微分方程,采用多尺度法,求得了时滞效应下主共振响应调制方程以及稳定性条件．通过数值算例,分析了时滞和调谐参数影响下主共振响应的峰值及幅频响应特性．结果表明,地基反力中的时滞效应对主共振响应影响较大,会导致共振域偏移,在一定区间内,响应幅值随时滞变化先减小再增大,呈现出周期性,并导致幅频曲线弯曲程度增大．     

含时滞反馈的楔式制动系统动力学分析

考虑含时滞反馈的影响,建立楔式制动系统动力学模型,运用多尺度方法对黏滑界面附近区域进行受迫主共振求解,分析时滞量、楔角与系统刚度对系统幅频响应的影响,应用Routh-Hurwitz判据分析系统稳定性的影响因素。基于解析解的分析表明:稳态幅值和稳定性边界都随时滞量发生周期性变化,周期内较大的时滞量引起鞍结分岔,并发展至不稳定多解;楔角和系统刚度增加引起主共振振幅增大,并扩大了不稳定区域。     

考虑主动时滞的汽车悬架系统控制特性研究

以汽车悬架系统为研究对象,采用理论和试验相结合的方法对考虑主动时滞的悬架系统控制特性进行分析。首先建立含时滞悬架系统动力学模型,分析系统的控制稳定性。理论和仿真结果均表明,采用传统二次型最优控制律不能保证含时滞系统的稳定性。系统时滞量存在稳定区间,时滞超出稳定区间时系统将失稳发散;为了保证控制系统的稳定性,采用状态变换法设计了含时滞系统的主动控制律,计算表明,该控制律可以保证系统稳定性。研究还发现,时滞量的变化会使系统振动幅值产生较大改变,为此在控制系统中引入主动时滞,研究主动时滞对系统振动特性的影响,计算表明,合理的主动时滞可以降低系统振动幅值;为验证结果的正确性,搭建了悬架时滞主动控制试验平台,通过对相同工况下仿真结果与试验结果进行对比,发现两者具有较好的一致性;而由于悬架受到的路面激励具有随机性,采用含时滞系统的主动控制律对路面随机激励下的悬架系统进行控制分析,发现当主动时滞为0.04 s时,车身加速度均方根值比无主动时滞降低了39.4%,说明主动时滞对悬架控制的有效性。本文研究对时滞主动控制的理论研究具有重要的促进作用。     

时变参数时滞减振控制研究

时滞动力吸振器对谐波激励有着良好的减振控制效果,但对随机激励的减振控制效果却并不明显,具体表现为时滞动力吸振器对随机激励的减振控制效果与被动吸振器几乎相同。针对上述问题,本文提出了一种新的时变参数时滞减振控制方法。在原有时滞减振控制方法的基础上,首先将时滞增益系数由定值形式变为时间函数形式,然后通过时变优化得到多组时滞控制参数并使其以一定时间周期循环作用于减振控制过程,通过这种方法进一步改善了时滞动力吸振器减振性能。本文最后以二自由度时滞动力吸振器减振模型为例,以主系统的振动响应为仿真对象,运用精细积分法求解了具有时变时滞参数的时滞动力学方程,以此得到了在谐波激励和随机激励作用下主系统振动的时域仿真结果。研究结果表明,在时变参数时滞动力吸振器的控制下,主系统无论是受谐波激励作用还是受随机激励作用,其振动位移、振动速度和振动加速度均比在定值参数时滞动力吸振器控制下时有大幅的减少,时滞动力吸振器的减振性能有了明显的改善。      

含时滞反馈与涨落质量的记忆阻尼系统的随机共振

针对具有记忆效应的欠阻尼系统, 存在时滞反馈与涨落质量, 本文主要研究了其输出稳态响应振幅的随机共振效应. 首先通过引入新变量和运用小时滞近似展开理论, 将具有非马尔科夫特性的原系统转化为等价的两维马尔科夫线性系统, 再利用Shapiro-Loginov公式和Laplace变换获得了系统响应的一阶稳态矩和稳态响应振幅的解析表达式. 结果表明: 当系统参数满足Routh-Hurwitz稳定条件时, 稳态响应振幅随质量涨落噪声强度、周期驱动信号频率以及时滞的变化均存在随机共振现象, 其中随机多共振现象也被观察到. 在适当范围内, 通过控制时滞反馈, 系统的随机共振效应随着时滞的增大而增强, 而较长的记忆时间及增大阻尼参数均对共振行为呈现抑制作用.有效调控时滞反馈与记忆效应的变化关系将有助于增强系统对周期驱动信号的响应强度. 最后, 通过数值模拟计算验证了理论结果的有效性.      

含时滞反馈与涨落质量的记忆阻尼系统的随机共振

针对具有记忆效应的欠阻尼系统,存在时滞反馈与涨落质量,本文主要研究了其输出稳态响应振幅的随机共振效应.首先通过引入新变量和运用小时滞近似展开理论,将具有非马尔科夫特性的原系统转化为等价的两维马尔科夫线性系统,再利用Shapiro-Loginov公式和Laplace变换获得了系统响应的一阶稳态矩和稳态响应振幅的解析表达式.结果表明:当系统参数满足Routh-Hurwitz稳定条件时,稳态响应振幅随质量涨落噪声强度、周期驱动信号频率以及时滞的变化均存在随机共振现象,其中随机多共振现象也被观察到.在适当范围内,通过控制时滞反馈,系统的随机共振效应随着时滞的增大而增强,而较长的记忆时间及增大阻尼参数均对共振行为呈现抑制作用.有效调控时滞反馈与记忆效应的变化关系将有助于增强系统对周期驱动信号的响应强度.最后,通过数值模拟计算验证了理论结果的有效性.     

窄带随机噪声激励下多自由度非线性系统的响应

在随机振动的研究中，研究较多的是系统在宽带噪声作用下的响应问题，对于非线性系统特别是多自由度非线性系统在窄带随机噪声作用下的响应问题则研究较少。本文研究了三自由度非线性系统在窄带随机噪声激励下的主共振响应和稳定性问题。用多尺度法分离了系统的快变项，给出了系统响应的振幅和相位角满足的方程。用摄动法讨论了系统随机项对系统响应的影响。当随机扰动较小时，在一定的参数范围内，对应于不同的初值，系统具有两个均方响应值，随机饱和现象也存在。当随机扰动增大时，系统可从一个大的响应突跳为一个小的响应，或从一个小的响应突跳为一个大的响应，即存在随机跳跃现象。数值模拟表明本文提出的方法是有效的。     

Effect of External Excitations on a Nonlinear System with Time Delay

The trivial equilibrium of a two-degree-of-freedom autonomous system may become unstable via a Hopf bifurcation of multiplicity two and give rise to oscillatory bifurcating solutions, due to presence of a time delay in the linear and nonlinear terms. The effect of external excitations on the dynamic behaviour of the corresponding non-autonomous system, after the Hopf bifurcation, is investigated based on the behaviour of solutions to the four-dimensional system of ordinary differential equations. The interaction between the Hopf bifurcating solutions and the high level excitations may induce a non-resonant or secondary resonance response, depending on the ratio of the frequency of bifurcating periodic motion to the frequency of external excitation. The first-order approximate periodic solutions for the non-resonant and super-harmonic resonance response are found to be in good agreement with those obtained by direct numerical integration of the delay differential equation. It is found that the non-resonant response may be either periodic or quasi-periodic. It is shown that the super-harmonic resonance response may exhibit periodic and quasi-periodic motions as well as a co-existence of two or three stable motions.     

Non-resonant response, bifurcation and oscillation suppression of a non-autonomous system with delayed position feedback control

The maglev system with delayed position feedback control is excitated by the deflection of flexible guideway and resonant response may take place. This paper concerns the non-resonant response of the system by employing centre manifold reduction and method of multiple time scales. The dynamical model is presented and expanded to the third-order Taylor series. Taking time delay as its bifurcation parameter, the condition with which the Hopf bifurcation may occur is investigated. Centre manifold reduction is applied to get the Poincaré normal form of the nonlinear system so that we can study the relationship between periodic solution and system parameter. At first, the non-resonant periodic solution of the normal form is calculated based on the method of multiple time scales. Then the bifurcation condition of the free oscillation in the solution is analyzed, and we get the conditions with which the free oscillation has maximum and minimum values. The relationship between external excitation and the periodic solution is also discussed in this paper. Finally, numerical simulation results show how system and excitation parameters affect the system response. It is shown that the existence of the free oscillation and the amplitude of the forced oscillation can be determined by time delay and control parameters. So felicitously selecting them can suppress the oscillation effectively.     

索-梁组合结构主共振响应的时滞反馈控制

基于时滞加速度反馈控制策略对索-梁组合结构进行振动控制。根据Hamilton原理推导了索-梁组合结构非线性振动控制方程,运用多尺度法得到时滞反馈作用下索-梁组合结构主共振的一阶近似解,得出系统响应与控制参数的关系以及响应峰值和临界激励值与时滞参数的表达式。结果表明,主共振的响应存在多解和跳跃现象,调节控制增益和时滞值,可以有效抑制大幅振动。     

建筑结构基于巴斯金风速谱的系列风振响应的简明封闭解

针对巴斯金风速谱激励下的建筑结构顺风向振动响应表达式复杂的问题,提出了一种简明封闭解法.巴斯金随机谱广泛应用于描述脉动风、随机地震动和路面不平顺等各种随机激励,本文基于留数定理给出巴斯金风速功率谱的二次正交式.综合运用复模态法和虚拟激励法获得了建筑结构系列响应(位移、层间位移及其变化率)功率谱的统一形式的二次正交式,并根据谱矩的定义获得了建筑结构系列响应的方差和谱矩及绝对加速度方差的简明封闭解.运用本文方法对一8层建筑结构进行分析,并与传统虚拟激励法进行对比研究,表明本文所得封闭解正确,并可用于验证虚拟激励法在谱矩和方差分析时的精度和效率.由于本文方法含有复模态法,故可用于各类线性结构基于巴斯金谱的随机响应分析和基于动力可靠度及舒适度的动力优化分析.     

Design method of multiple time-delay controller for active structural vibration control

An optimal control method for seismic-excited building structures with multiple time delays is investigated in this paper. The system state equation with multiple time delays is discretized and transformed into a standard discrete form without any explicit time delay by a particular augmenting for state variables. A time-delay controller is then designed based on this standard equation using the discrete optimal control method. Effectiveness of the proposed controller is demonstrated by numerical simulations. Simulation results indicate that a very small time delay may result in the instability of the control system if it is not compensated in the control design. Time delay may be compensated effectively by the proposed controller, in the mean time, an effective control may be obtained. The proposed controller is valid for both small and large time delays.     

Response distribution of non-linear systems excited by non-Gaussian impulsive noise

A perturbation scheme is devised to obtain an approximate stationary probability density for the response of a non-linear oscillator subjected to an impulsive-noise process which is statistically stationary but non-Gaussian. The excitation can be either additive or multiplicative. The effect of non-Gaussianity in the excitation process is found to be negligible if the product of the average arrival rate of the impulses and the relaxation time of the oscillator is of an order of 10 or greater. When this is not the case, the effect is not uniform; it may be more pronounced for one dynamic system than that of another. Numerical results are obtained for two examples, and they compare well with Monte Carlo simulations.     

Response of Duffing system with delayed feedback control under bounded noise excitation

This paper presents a procedure for predicting the response of Duffing system with time-delayed feedback control under bounded noise excitation by using stochastic averaging method. First, the time-delayed feedback control force is expressed approximately in terms of the system state variables without time delay. Then, the averaged It? stochastic differential equations for the system are derived by using the stochastic averaging method. Finally, the response of the system is obtained by solving the Fokker?CPlank?CKolmogorov equation associated with the averaged It? equations. It is shown that the time delay in feedback control will deteriorate the control effectiveness and cause bifurcation of stochastic jump of Duffing system. The validity of the proposed method is confirmed by digital simulation.     

Pseudo-fault induction in engineering structures: Multi-input multi-output control

In a previous paper, it was demonstrated that any linear system could be made to respond to harmonic excitation as if a static nonlinearity of specified type and position were present, this response being obtained at a single predetermined point on the structure. The method requires the excitation of the linear structure by an additional or auxiliary input. In the present paper, the theory is extended to allow the possibility of producing a specified nonlinear response at more than one point on a linear structure. It is shown that N responses can be obtained by specifying N or less auxiliary inputs. The theory is also extended to provide for polynomial damping in addition to stiffness nonlinearity. The theory is validated using numerical simulation of MDOF lumped-parameter systems.