基于超导量子比特网络的Grover搜索算法实现方案(英文)

提出一个改进超导电路结构,此结构能实现量子计算所必需的任意两量子比特之间的长程作用,此结构能用目前技术制作.其次,基于此结构提出Grover搜索算法实现的物理方案.由于能实现任意两量子比特之间的控制相位门,所以多比特Grover搜索算法也能实现,从而满足各种量子计算的需要.此方案是一个基于电流控制的超导电荷比特网络结构的Grover搜索算法实现方案.     

基于超导量子干涉仪与介观LC共振器耦合电路的量子通信

量子计算如何在实验上实现一直受到广泛关注. 包括超导Josephson结的小量子器件(如超导量子干涉仪, SQUID)是实现量子计算的一种非常具有发展前景的物理系统. 本文通过对SQUID和介观LC共振器耦合电路系统的Cooper对数-相量子化机制的讨论, 合理地调制参数, 由此导出了该耦合电路在两能级近似下的J-C模型形式, 并提出了一种基于此模型的可实现量子信息传递的方案. 根据此方案可以利用介观LC共振器为数据总线来执行两SQUID间电荷量子比特的传递.     

腔QED中利用超导量子干涉仪实现Toffoli门

基于腔量子电动力学技术,提出了利用三能级超导量子干涉仪实现Toffoli门的理论方案.利用超导量子干涉仪与腔场发生耦合,以及与外加经典脉冲发生共振跃迁来实现量子态的演化控制.该方案可以拓展到N比特Toffoli门的实现.最后,讨论了逻辑门的实验可行性,四比特Toffoli门的作用时间约为30 nm,它远小于腔衰减时间和较高能级的能量驰豫时间,从而足以实现量子态的操控.并且随着比特数的增多,Toffoli门作用时间的增幅较慢.     

清华物理系量子信息研究的新进展

在清华大学物理系成立60周年之际,我们对近年来清华大学物理系量子信息研究的主要进展情况作一介绍,包括量子搜索算法研究,核磁共振量子计算的实验研究,量子通讯的理论与实验研究.在量子搜索算法研究方面,我们提出了量子搜索算法的相位匹配,纠正了当时的一种错误观点,并且提出了一种成功率为100%的量子搜索算法,改进了Grover算法;在核磁共振量子计算实验方面,我们实现了2到7个量子比特的多种量子算法的实验演示;在量子通讯方面,我们提出了分布式传输的量子通讯的思想,应用于量子密钥分配、量子秘密共享、量子直接安全通讯等方面,构造了多个量子通讯的理论方案.在实验室,我们实现了2米距离的空间量子密码通讯的演示实验.     

在腔耦合的超导量子比特中实现几何量子信息处理

用量子空腔耦合的超导电荷比特器件被认为是实现量子信息处理的相当有希望的体系之一.如何在这种可集成的量子体系中实现高保真度的操作是量子信息处理领域的重要课题.文章介绍作者最近提出的在量子腔耦合的超导量子比特中用具有内禀容错功能的几何操作来实现普适量子逻辑门,产生多比特量子纠缠及实现量子纠错编码的一个可行方案.     

腔QED中超导量子干涉仪概率克隆机的物理实现

提出一个量子概率克隆机的物理实现方案,该方案首先将高Q腔中的两个超导量子干涉仪分别作为初始比特和目标比特,腔模作为测量比特,通过腔模和经典微波脉冲与超导量子干涉仪的多种相互作用实现量子概率克隆机的幺正演化;然后将腔模态映射到另一个超导量子干涉仪上,通过对该超导量子干涉仪磁通量的测量完成状态坍缩,从而以最优的成功概率实现量子态的精确克隆.本方案采用双光子拉曼共振过程加快单比特门的操作速率,并且总操作时间远小于自发辐射和腔模衰变时间,因而在实验上是可行的.     

二维光子晶体中Grover搜索算法的实现

最近,Angelakis等人将光子晶体引入量子计算。本文主要讨论在二维光子晶体中两比特Grover搜索算法的实现。沿用由Angelakis等所提出的量子比特与可控相位门,简单有效的实现了Grover算法。具体的实现方案文中将详细讨论。     

基于新型超导电荷量子比特的几何量子门

超导量子系统被认为是最可能用于实现大规模量子计算、量子信息、以及量子存储等的物理系统之一.本文在一种特别设计的超导电荷比特的基础上,通过微波腔与超导比特的相互作用,探讨了在此系统中实现几何相单门以及非常规几何相两量子门的途径,并讨论了制备多量子比特最大纠缠态的方法.     

腔QED中利用超导量子干涉仪实现Toffoli门

基于腔量子电动力学技术,提出了利用三能级超导量子干涉仪实现Toffoli门的理论方案.利用超导量子干涉仪与腔场发生耦合,以及与外加经典脉冲发生共振跃迁来实现量子态的演化控制.该方案可以拓展到N比特Toffoli门的实现.最后,讨论了逻辑门的实验可行性,四比特Toffoli 门的作用时间约为30 nm,它远小于腔衰减时间...     

超导量子比特

随着2019年谷歌成功实现了“量子优势”,超导量子计算的研究正引起人们更加广泛的关注.超导量子比特是拥有量子化能级、量子态叠加和量子态纠缠等量子力学特性的宏观器件,目前被广泛应用于量子物理、原子物理、量子光学、量子化学、量子模拟和量子计算等诸多领域中.本文将重点讨论位相、电荷、传输子以及磁通型超导量子比特的基本原理及其器件结构,并讨论器件的制备方法和量子态测量技术,最后对基于超导量子比特开展的物理问题的研究做一简单介绍.     

Scheme for Implementing Refined Deutsch-Jozsa Algorithm via Superconducing Qubits

We propose a scheme of implementing the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm based on superconducing charge qubits, which would be a key step to scale more complex quantum algorithms and very important for constructing a real quantum computer via superconducting charge qubits. The present scheme is simple but fairly efficient, and easily manipulated because arbitrary two-qubit can be selectively and effectively coupled by a common inductance. More manipulations can be carried out before decoherence sets in. The proposed scheme is in line with current technology.     

Application of quantum algorithms to direct measurement of concurrence of a two-qubit pure state

This paper proposes a method to measure directly the concurrence of an arbitrary two-qubit pure state based on a generalized Grover quantum iteration algorithm and a phase estimation algorithm. The concurrence can be calculated by applying quantum algorithms to two available copies of the bipartite system, and a final measurement on the auxiliary working qubits gives a better estimation of the concurrence. This method opens new prospects of entanglement measure by the application of quantum algorithms. The implementation of the protocol would be an important step toward quantum information processing and more complex entanglement measure of the finite-dimensional quantum system with an arbitrary number of qubits.     

Scheme for Implementing Grover Quantum Search Algorithm with Hot Ions

We propose a simple scheme to implement the two-qubit Grover quantum search algorithm with trapped ions in thermal motion. In the scheme two states of the Λ-type three-level ions are used as quantum bits (qubits). The scheme puts no limitations on the intensity of the laser field and the speed of the hot ions, and all the operations can be achieved in a reasonable amount of time before decoherence sets in. The scheme might be experimentally realizable with presently available techniques.     

Implementation of a many-qubit Grover search by cavity QED

We explore the possibility of an N-qubit (N>3) Grover search in cavity QED, based on a fast operation of an N-qubit controlled phase-flip with atoms in resonance with the cavity mode. We demonstrate both analytically and numerically that our scheme can be achieved efficiently to find a marked state with high fidelity and high success probability. As an example, a ten-qubit Grover search is simulated specifically under the discussion of experimental feasibility and challenge. We argue that our scheme is applicable to the case involving an arbitrary number of qubits. As cavity decay is involved in our quantum trajectory treatment, we can analytically understand the implementation of a Grover search subject to dissipation, which will be very helpful for relevant experiments.     

A Scheme for Simulation of Quantum Gates byAbelian Anyons

Anyons can be used to realize quantum computation, because they are two-level systems in two dimensions. In this paper, we propose a scheme to simulate single-qubit gates and CNOT gate using Abelian anyons in the Kitaev model. Two pairs of anyons (six spins) are used to realize single-qubit gates, while ten spins are needed for the CNOT gate. Based on these quantum gates, we show how to realize the Grover algorithm in a two-qubit system.     

Quantum correlation between two qubits induced by a common heat bath

In terms of geometric discord, we study quantum correlations between two qubits interacting with a common heat bath. A necessary and sufficient condition for zero discord for arbitrary two-qubit density matrix is derived. With this condition, we show that a common heat bath can always induce two-qubit quantum correlations if both qubits are initially prepared in arbitrary superposition of “pointer basis”.     

Deterministic CNOT gate and entanglement swapping for photonic qubits using a quantum-dot spin in a double-sided optical microcavity

Abstract We propose a deterministic and scalable scheme to construct a two-qubit controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate and realize entanglement swapping between photonic qubits using a quantum-dot (QD) spin in a double-sided optical microcavity. The scheme is based on spin selective photon reflection from the cavity and can be achieved in a nondestructive and heralded way. We assess the feasibility of the scheme and show that the scheme can work in both the weak coupling and the strong coupling regimes. The scheme opens promising perspectives for long-distance photonic quantum communication and distributed quantum information processing.     

Linear Optical Realization of Qubit Purification with Quantum Amplitude Damping Channel

We provide an experimental scheme which includes the realizatlon of quantum amplitude damping channel and the optimal two-qubit purification. Moreover, we discuss the purification of arbitrary input qubits and arbitrary N qubits. Our scheme only uses linear optical elements and the proposal may be useful in transmission of photons in fibres. This scheme is feasible in the laboratory with the current experimental technology.