无人机光电载荷图像处理器的设计

介绍了无人机载设备的技术特点及机载小型图像处理器的组成。采用TI公司的数字信号处理器芯片为核心处理器,配合现场可编程逻辑器件（FPGA）与外部管理微控制单元（MCU）来实现目标数据的采集与处理,设计了适用于无人机光电载荷的超小型图像处理器系统。针对机载设备的特点,设计时充分考虑了体积、重量、功耗等要求。该系统已应用于多台套机载光电载荷中,工作稳定可靠,满足无人侦察机对捕捉和定位目标的要求。     

军用飞机光电平台的研发趋势与技术剖析

以高分辨力和抗电子干扰为突出特点的光电平台已成为近代军用飞机的必备装备与显著标志。本文根据近年来国外公开发表的资料,围绕２１世纪服役的无人机光电载荷,有人固定翼飞机、有人旋翼飞机的光电吊舱和多传感器平 台,尤其是配置在新一代联合攻击机Ｆ３５、“同温层堡垒”低空突防轰炸机Ｂ-５２Ｈ、“枪骑兵”战略轰炸机Ｂ-１Ｂ、“扑食者” 无人侦察／攻击机ＲＱ-１Ａ／Ｂ等当今活跃在局部战争中的军用飞机上的光电装备,分析了近代军用飞机光电系统的主要优点,指出了相关光电技术与设备的瓶颈与不足,论述了机载军用光电平台的发展趋势,探讨了当前急需解决的若干技术难点,期望以此为我国军用飞机光电平台的快速发展,以及早日赶上发达国家的相应水平尽献微力.     

高分辨率多光谱数字相机电子学系统的设计

设计了一种基于多光谱技术的机载数字相机电子学系统。它包括时序产生单元、信号处理单元、信号控制单元、数据输出接口单元和数据采集存储单元等几部分。系统具有调光和行频调节功能,用以满足在不同能量状态和不同飞行高度下的成像质量。考虑到机载设备的特殊要求,对其进行了轻量化设计和机载稳定平台设计。它具有实时高速存储和实时采集数据的功能。结果表明,机载数字相机电子学系统的各种功能完全满足设计要求,为实现高分辨率探测提供了保证。     

机载光电稳瞄平台减振技术研究北大核心CSCD

机载光电稳瞄平台受飞机作战环境的干扰因素,会引起设备环架的振动,对光电平台载荷视轴的稳定性及跟踪精度影响很大,减振的主要任务是有效隔离环境振动。与传统橡胶减振器比较,文章提出了一种新型机载光电稳瞄平台的柔性减振设计。并通过ANSYS仿真软件对新的减振模型进行了模态仿真分析,通过振动试验对设计的性能进行了有效评估,测试结果与仿真评估误差为0.56%,说明该设计对机载光电稳瞄平台具有减振性。     

机载光电跟踪系统的电子稳像算法研究

为了解决机载光电跟踪系统高准确度陀螺平台成本高、难度大的问题，在深入分析视轴晃动与图像关系的基础上，利用机载平台的特点，确定了图像运动矢量的关系，忽略了次要因素，进一步简化了运算，提高了算法的准确度．将此算法应用于某歼击机的图像进行稳定试验，结果表明：该算法具有快速、稳定等优点，能够实现实时准确地稳定歼击机图像序列．     

一种改进型的高解析喷码机控制系统的设计与实现

设计了一种以ARM9处理器和Windows CE操作系统为核心的改进型高解析喷码机控制系统。硬件上,采用绝对式光电编码器检测待喷物体的移动速度,提高检测精度;同时增加了喷头喷印速度的自动调节功能;摄像头模块实现了实时监控喷码机工作情况的目的。软件上,以S3C2440处理器的BSP包为基础,进行源代码的移植开发工作,应用到喷码机平台。硬件电路的设计完善了整个喷码机系统,软件程序的设计维护了喷码机系统的正常运行。实验测试结果证明,此系统满足高性能的要求,完成设计目标。     

基于CLIPS的机载光电跟踪设备故障诊断专家系统研究

针对机载光电跟踪设备传感器种类多、单元部件结构复杂和急需快速故障定位的要求,设计了机载光电跟踪设备故障诊断专家系统。通过建立跟踪系统故障树并分析其故障特点,确定了模糊多值产生式规则的知识表示方式和冲突消解策略,构建了专家系统知识库和推理机;同时结合数据库建立的故障表和规则表,实现专家系统解释器功能;最后将CLIPS嵌入VC设计友好人机交互界面。实验表明,该专家系统操作方便,能快速准确定位故障、解释故障成因以及提供维修建议。     

基于嵌入式系统结构的印鉴鉴别系统

为了弥补市场上现有印鉴鉴别系统体积大、移动性能差、安全性较低、价格比较昂贵等缺陷,研究了基于高速数字信号处理器(DSP)和现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)的嵌入式印鉴鉴别系统.系统在印鉴识别算法上,基于平滑卷积的方法计算印鉴的中心位置和半径.采用径向投影法,对一维特征数据计算,得到待验印鉴(SS)与预留印鉴(MS)之间的偏转角度.把印鉴质量指标作为MS与SS对应边缘Hausdorff距离测度的控制参数,用神经网络方法综合分析、判别印鉴真伪.在硬件实现方面,片上可编程(SOPC)系统结合DSP作为检测系统核心.SOPC系统包括控制器、图像预处理器等.DSP作为系统的主处理器,用于进行图像的特征检测与识别.系统具有以太网、RS232、USB等通用接口.实验表明,该系统可以有效识别印鉴,并具有体积小、成本低、系统功能可灵活升级等特点.     

Research on atmospheric refraction correction of airborne electro-optical system target location北大核心CSCD

目标定位精度是评判机载光电系统性能的一项重要指标。对于高空机载光电系统,目标定位精度除受传感器、测距仪、载荷平台稳定精度、飞行平台稳定精度和位置精度等综合因素影响外,还受大气折射的影响,对于高空机载光电系统远距离对地观测,大气折射对目标定位的影响尤为严重。该文从大气折射对目标定位的影响机理出发,给出大气模型,分析大气折射的影响因素,并基于介于圆球体和参考旋转椭球体之间的地球模型给出了大气折射误差模型;基于该文提出的近似参考旋转椭球体地球模型,仿真分析了大气折射对目标定位的影响结果。分析结果对于机载光电系统远距离目标定位大气折射修正具有重要指导意义。     

一种机载光电设备减振系统设计及稳定精度试验研究

以光电设备减振系统为研究对象,从光电设备轻型化、小型化设计角度出发,针对现有内置橡胶减振系统的诸多不足,采用金属减振器,设计出一款适用于机载光电设备的外置型金属减振系统。通过对该减振系统的振动和冲击试验,测得固有频率、最大传递率及冲击最大位移值。通过对比光电设备在两种减振系统下的稳定精度, 得出以下结论:外置金属减振系统和内置橡胶减振系统均能使光电设备的稳定精度满足不大于25μrad的使用要求,但外置金属减振系统能提高光电设备内部有效空间,同时,外置金属减振系统作为整体可更换单元,降低了减振系统的维修难度,提高了光电设备整体维修性,为其他光电传感器的集成和实现机载光电设备轻型化、小型化提供了可能。     

用于快速人脸识别的光学协处理器

设计了一种用于快速人脸识别的光学协处理器。提出正负图像组合编码方法，一步实现了通常需要三步的数学形态学击中击不中变换，提高了识别速度。改进传统的识别判据，改善了识别效果。采用一个液晶投影板同时显示待识别图像和参考图像，简化了结构。给出了实验结果。     

Secure efficiency maximization for UAV-assisted mobile edge computing networks

This paper considers an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted mobile edge computing (MEC) system, in which the intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) is applied to enhance the performance of the wireless transmission. The role of the UAV is twofold: (1) It is equipped with a MEC server and receives computing tasks from ground users and IRS at the same time; (2) It sends interference signals to counter the potential eavesdropper. Here, the UAV is working as a full duplex equipment, i.e., sending and receiving meanwhile. We comprehensively considered the flight speed constraint of the UAV, the total mission data constraint and the minimum security rate constraint of multiple users on the ground. The phase matrix constraints of IRS are also considered. Our system is dedicated to maximizing the efficiency of secure computing. The formulated problem is highly non-convex, we consider to propose an alternative optimization algorithm. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme not only achieves higher safe computing efficiency, but also has better performance in terms of energy consumption and security rate.     

Refractive power mapping of progressive power lenses using Talbot interferometry and digital image processing

A method of refractive power mapping of a lens is presented which is based on Talbot interferometry and utilizes a digital image processor. By adding a digital image processing system, fast measurement of a lens power distribution is feasible. A test lens is placed in front of two collinearly arranged gratings. The light passing through the test lens produces a shifted Talbot image of the first grating on the second grating and generates moiré fringes. Given the inclination angle of moiré fringes, the refractive power of the lens can be calculated. The calculation is performed using a digital image processor. This method is effective in finding the refractive power distribution of progressive power lenses.     

Chaotic biogeography-based optimization approach to target detection in UAV surveillance

This paper describes a novel chaotic biogeography-based optimization (CBBO) algorithm for target detection by means of template matching to meet the request of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) surveillance. Template matching has been widely applied in movement tracking and other fields and makes excellent performances in visual navigation. Biogeography-based optimization (BBO) algorithm emerges as a new kind of optimization method on the basis of biogeography concept. The idea of migration and mutation strategy of species in BBO contributes to solving optimization problems. Our work adds chaotic searching strategy into BBO and applies CBBO in template matching. By utilizing chaotic strategy, the population ergodicity and global searching ability are improved, thus avoiding local optimal solutions during evolution. Applying the algorithm to resolving template matching problem overcomes the defects of common image matching. Series of experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of our modified approach over other algorithms in solving template matching problems. Our modified BBO algorithm performs better in terms of convergence property and robustness when compared with basic BBO.     

Secured data transmissions in corporeal unmanned device to device using machine learning algorithm

Cyber–physical systems (CPS) for device-to-device (D2D) communications are gaining prominence in today’s sophisticated data transmission infrastructures. This research intends to develop a new model for UAV transmissions across distinct network nodes, which is necessary since an automatic monitoring system is required to enhance the current D2D application infrastructure. The real time significance of proposed UAV for D2D communications can be observed during data transmission state where individual data will have huge impact on maximizing the D2D security. Additionally, through the use of simulation, an exploratory persistence tool is offered for CPS networks with fully characterized energy issues. This UAV CPS paradigm is based on mobility nodes, which host concurrent systems and control algorithms. In sixth-generation networks, when there are no barriers and the collision rate is low and the connectivity is fast, the method is also feasible. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can now cover great distances, even while encountering hazardous obstacles. When compared to the preexisting models, the simulated values for autonomous, collision, and parametric reliability are much better by an average of 87%. The proposed model, however, is shown to be highly independent and exhibits stable perceptual behaviour. The proposed UAV approach is optimal for real-time applications due to its potential for more secure operation via a variety of different communication modules.     

基于双数字信号处理器(DSP)的实时相关图像处理系统的设计

以两片由TI公司生产的数字信号处理器TMS320C6203B为核心,用可编程逻辑阵列CPLD进行逻辑控制,采用现场可编程门阵列FPGA作图像的预处理和进行双数字信号处理器(DSP)之间的通讯,实现了实时相关的图像处理。此系统实时性好,可直接利用数字图像的灰度特征,在低信噪比的情况下目标跟踪点漂移小,目标跟踪能够较好地适应不同灰度分布的背景。     

Simulation and experiment research of face recognition with modified multi-method morphological correlation algorithm

Morphological definition of similarity degree of gray-scale image and general definition of morphological correlation (GMC) are proposed. Hardware and software design for a compact joint transform correlator are presented in order to implement GMC. Two kinds of modified general morphological correlation algorithm are proposed. The gray-scale image is decomposed into a set of binary image slices in certain decomposition method. In the first algorithm, the edge of each binary joint image slice is detected, width adjustability of which is investigated, and the joint power spectrum of the edge is summed. In the second algorithm, the joint power spectrum of each pair is binarized or thinned and then summed in one situation, and the summation of the joint power spectrums of these pairs is binarized or thinned in the other situation. Computer-simulation results and real face image recognition results indicate that the modified algorithm can improve the discrimination capabilities with respect to the gray-scale face images of high similarity.     

基于光流分层方法的平面3D运动估测

无人机自主着舰末端视觉导引中舰机间相对位姿的估测,可以看作机载摄像机对甲板平面3D运动的估测。提出了一种光流分层方法:首先利用已知焦距的机载摄像机拍摄着舰靶标区域的图像序列,并采用Lucas方法计算相邻两帧图像的光流场;而后通过分层模型,将由光流场进行3D运动检测的非线性问题转化为了两个线性问题。该方法无需图像间的特征匹配,可线性解算出着舰靶标区域相对于无人机的三维运动参数,进而得到舰机间的相对位姿信息。计算机合成图和摄像机实拍图像的实验结果验证了该算法的正确性和有效性。