含氮杂环润滑油添加剂抗摩擦和膜化学性能

制备了N-二异辛基-2-苯并噻唑次磺酰胺(DIMB)和2-硫酮-苯并噻唑-3-甲基鄄巯基乙酸异辛酯(MBES)两种含氮杂环抗磨添加剂, 用SRV型高温摩擦磨损试验机评价它们在芋类基础油中的抗磨减摩性能, 对它们在不同条件下形成的摩擦膜进行X射线吸收精细结构光谱(XANES)分析, 用原子力显微镜(AFM)分析摩擦膜的表面形貌. 结果表明, 添加剂DIMB和MBES具有很好的抗磨性能, 但没有减摩性能. XANES分析结果表明, 添加剂MBES形成的摩擦膜完全由硫酸亚铁组成, 而添加剂DIMB形成的摩擦膜的次表面和本体主要由二硫化铁组成, 未测量到硫酸盐或硫化铁, 但摩擦膜表面部分被氧化成硫酸亚铁. AFM 测试结果表明, 与含1.5%(w)二烷基二硫代磷酸锌(ZDDP)抗磨添加剂的钢块磨损表面相比较, 分别含1.5%(w)DIMB 和1.5%(w)MBES添加剂的钢块磨损表面出现了深而宽的“犁沟”.     

稀土/MoSi2复合材料的干摩擦磨损性能

运用M－2型摩擦磨损试验机测定了不同载荷条件下稀土／MoSi2复合材料与45钢配对件的干摩擦磨损性能，采用SEM观察了摩擦副表面的形貌和X射线分析了磨屑相组成，并探讨了其磨损机制。结果表明：稀土／MoSi2和MoSi2与45钢干摩擦时，在负荷不超过150N的范围内，其摩擦系数μ和磨损率W与负荷p间较好地满足关系式：W（或μ）＝a bp cp^2 p^3 ep^4，两种均具有优异的耐磨性能，在80－120N范围，稀土／MoSi2复合材料的磨损率比纯MoSi2材料的至少降低了65％；稀土／MoSi2材料的磨损机制主要是粘着磨损。     

钛酸钾晶须填充环氧树脂复合材料的摩擦磨损特性

以提高环氧树脂的摩擦磨损性能为目的,研究了钛酸钾晶须(PTW)填充环氧树脂复合材料的滑动干摩擦磨损特性,着重探讨PTW含量、摩擦条件等对复合材料摩擦性能的影响.通过对复合材料磨损表面的形貌分析以及复合材料表面硬度的测定,探讨了复合材料的磨损机理.结果表明:PTW能明显提高环氧树脂耐磨性并降低其摩擦系数,w(PTW)=0.08的环氧树脂复合材料的耐磨性比纯环氧树脂提高近10倍,摩擦系数降低35%.     

C60-丙烯酸月桂酯共聚物的合成及其摩擦学行为

合成了一种新颖的油溶性C60-丙烯酸月桂酯共聚物,采用四球摩擦磨损试验机、扫描电子电镜研究了其作为液体石蜡润滑添加剂的摩擦学特性,结果表明,C60-丙烯酸月桂酯共聚物可提高石蜡基础液的抗磨性能,改善微观磨损状态.     

含氟不饱和聚酯的合成及其抗磨性能研究(英文)

将氟原子引入不饱和聚酯链中,合成了含氟不饱和聚酯,并探索了其合成条件;采用四球摩擦磨损试验机评价了含氟不饱和聚酯在液体石蜡中作为抗磨添加剂的摩擦学性能,并利用红外光谱仪、X射线光电子能谱仪和扫描电镜分析了摩擦表面膜的结构、形貌和化学状态.结果表明,氟原子的引入有利于降低聚酯的黏度,并改善聚酯在液体石蜡中的分散性;合成产物作为抗磨添加剂可以在钢球磨损表面形成聚合物膜,从而显著提高基础油的摩擦学性能.     

环烷酸铅和烷基水杨酸铅的微波原位合成及其摩擦学性能

在液体石蜡中采用微波技术原位合成了油溶性环烷酸铅(LN)和十二烷基水杨酸铅(LAS).在高速低负荷(r=1500±10 rpm、 P=196～392 N)和低速高负荷(r=300±10 rpm、 P=800 N)两种条件下,用四球摩擦磨损试验对LN、 LAS和对应的羧酸进行了摩擦学性能评价,用往复式摩擦试验机考察了LN和LAS抗磨减摩性能.结果表明: LN具有良好的抗磨减摩性能和中等的极压性能,且各项摩擦学性能指标均好于LAS.为弄清其作用机理,从分子结构分析了产生摩擦学性能差异的原因,并用SEM及XPS研究了磨斑表面.结果发现: 摩擦过程中, LN和LAS都能在摩擦副表面形成吸附膜且部分吸附膜发生摩擦化学反应产生了铅氧化物转化膜,但所形成的吸附膜和转化膜厚度不同.     

形成摩擦聚合物的一种环氧酯成膜剂之研究

本研究用油酸和环氧树脂合成了一种能形成摩擦聚合物的环氧酯成膜剂,即"DE成膜剂"。用钢做对摩材料,液体石蜡和从新疆克拉玛依原油中炼制出的二线油做基础润滑介质,采用栓盘式试验机、SRV试验机和四球试验机进行了摩擦与磨损试验。     

正丁基硫代磷酸酯的合成及其摩擦学性能研究

用MS、 FT-IR等方法对合成的三正丁基一硫代及四硫代磷酸酯进行了结构表征,并在四球摩擦磨损试验机上考察了其在液体石蜡中的摩擦学性能;用扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对钢球磨痕表面做了分析.结果表明: 对于钢-钢摩擦副,合成的两种硫代磷酸酯可以显著提高液体石蜡的极压抗磨性能,但不能改善其减摩性能.钢球磨损表面XPS和SEM分析结果表明,添加剂分子在金属表面发生物理或化学吸附,并导致金属表面的腐蚀和摩擦化学反应.     

改性生物柴油碳烟的制备、表征及水基润滑特性

为了探索生物柴油碳烟(BDS)作为水基润滑添加剂的应用, 采用热氧化法制备了热氧化处理的BDS(TO-BDS); 通过场发射透射电子显微镜、 X射线光电子能谱仪和Zeta电位仪等表征了TO-BDS的形貌、 组成和分散性, 并与BDS进行了对比; 利用球-盘往复摩擦磨损试验机、 3D激光扫描显微镜、 场发射扫描电子显微镜、 光学法接触角/界面张力仪和拉曼光谱仪考察了含TO-BDS的纯水(H₂O)的摩擦磨损性能和润滑机理. 结果表明, TO-BDS表面的含氧官能团和负电荷比BDS更多, 从而导致TO-BDS在H₂O中具有更好的分散性; 在H₂O中添加质量分数为0.2%的TO-BDS, 可显著改善H₂O的减摩抗磨性能. 这主要是因为在摩擦过程中, TO-BDS起到滚动轴承的功效, H₂O+TO-BDS比H₂O在摩擦副表面的润湿性能更好, 更易于形成润滑膜且TO-BDS会因摩擦力诱导剥离产生石墨片, 从而降低摩擦磨损.     

以TDI和IPDI为单体合成聚氨酯微胶囊及其摩擦学性能

分别以甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯(TDI)和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)为单体,通过原位聚合法制备了离子液体@聚脲(PU)微胶囊,并与环氧树脂共混制得环氧树脂复合材料.利用扫描电子显微镜分析了微胶囊及复合材料的表面形貌,通过电子万能试验机和摩擦磨损试验机探究了微胶囊改性复合材料在不同情况下的力学性能和摩擦学性能,用傅里叶变换红外光谱对微胶囊进行表征.分析结果表明,以IPDI为单体合成的微胶囊摩擦学性能更加优异,并且随着微胶囊用量的增加,复合材料的摩擦学性能有明显提高,当微胶囊添加质量分数为20%时,含有微胶囊的复合材料具有较低的滑动摩擦系数并且摩擦面较光滑,这是由于在实验过程中,随着微胶囊壁材的破损,芯材离子液体被释放,形成了一层致密的润滑膜.     

笼型倍半硅氧烷形态分析及对杂化材料相容性和机械性能的影响

采用水解缩合方法制备了八乙烯基笼型倍半硅氧烷(OVPOSS), 并将其引入到聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)自凝树脂中, 得到有机-无机杂化材料. 通过傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、塑料球压痕硬度计、高温高速摩擦磨损测试仪和悬臂梁冲击实验等对其形貌和性能进行了研究. 结果表明, OVPOSS以晶体状态存在于PMMA树脂中. 通过DSC热性能曲线、FOX方程和Gordon-Talyor方程曲线发现, 当POSS含量较高时, PMMA-POSS杂化体系能够发生相分离, 对杂化材料的机械性能有一定的影响.     

The mechanical and tribological behaviors of PI composite filled with plasma treated UHMWPE fiber

The friction and wear behaviors of ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)/PI composite were investigated in a ring‐on‐block wear tester. Ti6Al4V alloy ring were selected as the counterbody in this study. It was found that the detachment of particles, ripples, and ploughs were observed under higher load. Plasma treatment efficiently improves the interfacial adhesion of UHMWPE/PI composite. Both the friction coefficient and wear increased with load, and the plasma treated one shows lower friction coefficient and wear.     

Study on the preparation and mechanical properties of alumina ceramic coating reinforced by graphene and multi-walled carbon nanotube

The paper investigates preparation and mechanical performances of a composite ceramic coating reinforced by graphene and multi-walled carbon nanotube. The carbon nanotube is functionalized with the carboxyl functional group (–COOH) and un-functionalized with sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS). The structure of the functionalized and hybrid-functionalized carbon nanotube is identified using infrared spectroscopy (FTIR analysis). The coating is brushed on the matrix and then cures under temperature lower than 250°C. The morphological and cross section features are studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The distributions of hardness and fracture toughness are determined using a microhardness tester. The adhesive strength is evaluated using a universal tensile tester. The tribological properties are detected using friction wear testing machine. The experimental results show that the structure of the composite coating is compact, and both graphene and hybridtreated carbon nanotube are well dispersed. Addition of 0.2 wt % graphene and 0.2 wt % hybrid-functionalized carbon nanotube results in a prominent increase in hardness and fracture toughness. Meanwhile, the adhesive strength between the composite coating and the metallic substrate is well improved due to the high tensile strength of both graphene and carbon nanotube. Compared with pure alumina coating, the friction coefficient as well as the wear depth and width of grinding crack of the composite coating is much lower.

     

Effects of UV irradiation on tribological properties of nano‐TiO2 thin films

One‐layer and two‐layer nano‐TiO₂ thin films were prepared on the surface of common glass by sol–gel processing. Water contact angle, surface morphology, tribological properties of the films before and after ultraviolet (UV) irradiation were investigated using DSA100 drop shape analyzer, scanning probe microscopy (SPM), SEM and universal micro‐materials tester (second generation) (UMT‐2MT) friction and wear tester, respectively. The stored films markedly resumed their hydrophilicity after UV irradiation. But UV irradiation worsened tribological properties of the films. After the film was irradiated by UV, the friction coefficient between the film and GCr15 steel ball increased about 10–50% and its wear life shortened about 20–90%. Abrasive wear, brittle break and adherence wear are the failure mechanisms of nano‐TiO₂ thin films. It was believed that UV irradiation increased surface energy of the film and then aggravated adherence wear of the film at initial stage of friction process leading to severe brittle fracture and abrasive wear. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Investigation of tribological properties of Al2O3-polyimide nanocomposites

Polyimide (PI) nanocomposites with different proportions of nanoparticle Al₂O₃ were made by compression molding at elevated temperature. The mechanical and tribological properties of the resulting PI-based nanocomposites were investigated. The bending strength and microhardness of the nanocomposite specimens were determined, and the tribological behavior of the nanocomposite blocks in dry sliding against a plain carbon steel ring was evaluated on an M-2000 friction and wear tester. The morphologies of the worn nanocomposite surfaces and transfer films on the counterpart steel ring were observed on a scanning electron microscope. Results indicated that the PI-based nanocomposites with appropriate proportions of nanometer Al₂O₃ exhibited lower friction coefficient and wear volume loss than PI under the same testing conditions. The nanocomposite containing 3.0wt.%–4.0wt.% nanometer Al₂O₃ registered the lowest wear volume loss under a relatively high load. The differences in the friction and wear behaviors of PI and PI–Al₂O₃ nanocomposites were attributed to the differences in their worn surface morphologies, transfer film characteristics, and wear debris features. The agglomerated abrasives on the worn composite and transfer film surfaces contributed to increase the wear volume loss of the nanocomposites of higher mass fractions of nanometer Al₂O₃.     

Optimization of tribological behavior of nano clay particle with sisal/jute/glass/epoxy polymer hybrid composites using RSM

The tribological properties are one of the most significant properties in many automobile components such as clutch plate, break shoe, engine liner, piston pin, etc. At present work, attempt on nano clay is loaded with natural fibers (sisal and jute), artificial fiber (E‐glass), and epoxy resin. In this investigation, the specific wear rate and coefficient of friction are analyzed by pin on disc apparatus under dry sliding conditions. The experiment design carried by Box–Behnken design on design of experiment techniques with influence wear parameters, namely, filler content, applied load, sliding distance, and sliding velocity; its responses are analyzed by response surface methodology. The regression mathematical models performed for all the responses, and the most influential factors determined by analysis of variance technique, S/N ratio. The results indicate that the coefficient of friction and specific wear rates are minimized with the addition of filler content to the developed composites and further increasing, the response of composites may be varied. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

表面修饰Ag_2S纳米微粒的合成及摩擦学行为研究

在水醇混合介质中,采用同阳离子共沉淀法合成了有机化合物表面修饰的Ａｇ２Ｓ纳米微粒,在高速钢基底上制备成膜,研究了它的摩擦学特性。结果表明：修饰后的Ａｇ２Ｓ纳米微粒粒径小,性能稳定,在有机介质中分散成透明溶液。ＡｇＤＤＰ膜和Ａｇ２Ｓ ＤＤＰ膜均可显著降低钢基底的摩擦系数。研究证实表面修饰Ａｇ２Ｓ纳米微粒的摩擦作用机制是在较低负荷下表面修饰层起主要作用,在较高负荷下Ａｇ２Ｓ纳米核起主要的承载和减摩抗磨作用。     

Ni-P-无机类富勒烯WS_2纳米材料化学复合镀层的制备及其摩擦学性能初步研究

用化学复合镀技术制备了含有无机类富勒烯硫化钨纳米材料的Ni-P-(IF-WS_2) 复合镀层。用环-块摩擦实验测试了Ni-P-(IF-SW_2)的摩擦学性能。研究结果表明 它比与Ni-P，Ni-P-(层状2H-WS_2)和Ni-P-石墨复合镀层具有更高的耐磨性能和更 低的摩擦系数。分析了无机类富勒烯纳米材料改善镀层摩擦学性能的机理。     

Enhancement on interlaminar shear strength and water‐lubricated tribological performance of high‐strength glass fabric/phenolic laminate by the incorporation of carbon nanotubes

High‐strength glass fabric (HSGF)/phenolic laminates modified with different contents of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were fabricated by hot‐compression technique. The effects of CNTs on the interface of HSGF/phenolic, interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) and water‐lubricated tribological performance of HSGF/phenolic laminate were investigated. The ILSS of the laminates were tested on a universal testing machine (DY35), and the tribological properties were evaluated by a block‐on‐ring tribo‐tester. The interfaces of HSGF/phenolic and the worn surfaces of the laminates were analyzed by scanning electron microscope. The results showed that the moderate incorporation of CNTs improved the interface of HSGF/phenolic and accordingly enhanced the ILSS of the laminate. Besides, the friction coefficient of HSGF/phenolic laminate sliding against stainless steel in water can be remarkably stabilized and lowered by the incorporation of CNTs due to the better water lubrication induced by added CNTs and the intrinsic self‐lubrication of CNTs which were further graphitized during the friction and wear process. And the wear rate of the laminate can be accordingly reduced by 1 order of magnitude. The results indicate that CNTs have excellent potential in enhancing both ILSS and tribological fabric/polymer laminate composite, which will greatly improve the current situation of deterioration on mechanical properties by adding traditional solid lubricants. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Facile Fabrication of Surfactant‐Modified ZnS Hollow Spheres at Room Temperature and Its Tribological Properties in Liquid Paraffin

This article presents a facile surfactant‐assisted route to the fabrication of ZnS hollow spheres with diameter of about 0.5～1 µm in ethanol at room temperature. The surfactant quaternary ammonium salt of 2‐undecyl‐1‐dithioureido‐ethyl‐imidazoline (SUDEI) prepared in our lab acts as surface‐modifying agent, morphology‐controlling agent and stabilizing agent in the whole procedure. TEM, SEM, XRD, EDXA, UV‐vis, and FTIR were used to characterize the ZnS products. The influences of reaction conditions were discussed while a formation mechanism was proposed to explain this peculiar morphology. The ZnS hollow spheres product is of excellent dispersion capacity and stability in liquid paraffin (LP) and the tribological properties of LP containing ZnS hollow spheres were studied with an Optimol SRV (SRV is the abridged name for German Schwingung, Reibung, Verschleiss) oscillating friction and wear tester, showing excellent anti‐wear and friction‐reducing performances. The action mechanism of the ZnS hollow spheres in LP was also investigated and discussed.