咪唑[1,5-a]吡啶鎓盐的合成、表征及生物活性测定

通过三组份串联反应合成一系列咪唑[1,5-a]吡啶鎓盐,利用1H NMR、13C NMR、MS以及X射线单晶衍射确定其结构,其中以二乙烯三胺与三乙烯四胺为原料获得预期外的结构。以青霉素作为对照,研究了化合物的抗菌性。结果表明,所合成的化合物对溶壁微球菌和乙型链球菌均有抗菌效果,化合物2的抗菌效果最好;含有杂原子O的化合物3对嗜麦芽单胞菌和肺炎克雷伯氏菌的抗菌能力优于青霉素;联苯桥联的刚性双齿咪唑[1,5-a]吡啶鎓(5)比乙基桥联的柔性双齿咪唑[1,5-a]吡啶鎓(4)的抗菌性更强;化合物6为单齿大π体系芳香环,其抗菌效果较好,而化合物7和8为双齿的大π体系芳香环,其抗菌效果较弱。     

Alkyl-Bridged Nitropyrazoles – Adjustment of Performance and Sensitivity Parameters

Starting from 3,5-dinitro-4-methylaminopyrazole ( 2 ), six different energetic salts and three new derivatives of methylene bridged nitropyrazoles were synthesized. The derivatives bear a methylamino ( 4 ), methylnitramino ( 5 ), and azido group ( 7 ). All compounds were intensively characterized using single crystal X-ray diffraction, multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, elemental analysis and DTA/TGA measurements. The sensitivities were determined according to BAM standard methods and the energetic properties calculated using the EXPLO5 code. The energetic salts were compared with each other and with ANTA in terms of their energetic properties. On the basis of the methyl- and ethyl bridged derivatives, it was shown how the introduction of methylamino ( 4 ) and methylnitramino ( 5 ) groups in an alkyl-bridged nitropyrazole system modify its properties (performance & sensitivities). In addition, azido compound 7 was contrasted with its literature-known constitutional isomer and investigated for its suitability as a potential metal-free primary explosive.     

Synthesis,characterization and catalytic properties of cationic N-heterocyclic carbene silver complexes

Three new dibenzimidazolium salts bridged by 2-methylenepropane-1,3-diyl group were synthesized. Their dinuclear N-heterocyclic carbene Ag(I) complexes were prepared by the reactions of these salts with Ag₂O. The structures of the synthesized compounds were defined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), elemental analysis, and LC-MSMS (for complexes) techniques. Stability of the silver complexes was confirmed by ¹H NMR spectroscopy. Catalytic activities of Ag(I) compounds were tested for three-component coupling reaction of some aldehydes, amines, and phenylacetylene.     

Mössbauer and Electrochemical Studies of Bridged Biferrocenes and Biferrocenylenes

A series of neutral and oxidized π-bridged biferrocenes (Fc—x—Fc) and biferrocenylenes (FC(—x—)₂Fc) (x= —CH=CH—, —CH₃,C=CCH₃—) were prepared and their physical properties have been studied by means of Mössbauuer and cyclic voltammetry. The electrode reaction of these bridged ferrocene derivatives appears to involve a consecutive two-step oxidation process. The results also show that the voltage difference between the first and second oxidaton potentials of the bridged biferrocenes was found to be largely exceeded that founded for the corresponding the bridged biferrocenylenes. The Mössbauer data show that the oxidation of doubly bridged Fc(—x—)₂Fc with iodine, DDQ, and TCNQ given the corresponding dioxidized salts only and no stable mixed-valence compounds were found.     

Green Colorants Based on Energetic Azole Borates

The investigation of green‐burning boron‐based compounds as colorants in pyrotechnic formulations as alternative for barium nitrate, which is a hazard to health and to the environment, is reported. Metal‐free and nitrogen‐rich dihydrobis(5‐aminotetrazolyl)borate salts and dihydrobis(1,3,4‐triazolyl)borate salts have been synthesized and characterized by NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, mass spectrometry, and vibrational spectroscopy. Their thermal and energetic properties have been determined as well. Several pyrotechnic compositions using selected azolyl borate salts as green colorants were investigated. Formulations with ammonium dinitramide and ammonium nitrate as oxidizers and boron and magnesium as fuels were tested. The burn time, dominant wavelength, spectral purity, luminous intensity, and luminous efficiency as well as the thermal and energetic properties of these compositions were measured.     

Synthesis and use of mono- or bisxylyl linked bis(benzimidazolium) bromides as carbene precursors for C-C bond formation reactions

Two benzimidazolium moieties linked by one or two xylyls (m- and p-) have been synthesized, characterized and then they were used for Heck coupling reactions as in situ formed catalysts. Mono bridged salts are more efficient as compared to bisbridged salts. In addition, mono bridged salts were converted to Rh-NHC complexes which were tested as catalysts for the arylation of aldehydes.     

Energetic 4,4′‐Oxybis[3,3′‐(1‐hydroxytetrazolyl)]furazan and Its Salts

Energetic compounds that incorporate multiple nitrogen‐rich heterocycles are of great interest for high‐density energetic materials. A facile synthetic strategy to combine an oxy bridge and furazan groups, as well as tetrazole‐ols, into a molecule ( 5 ) was found. Some energetic salts based on 5 were prepared by neutralization. All of the compounds were fully characterized. Additionally, the structure of 7 has been elucidated by single‐crystal XRD analysis. Physicochemical and energetic properties were also studied; these show that these newly designed energetic salts exhibit good thermal stabilities. Hydroxylammonium salt ( 6 ) has a detonation performance and sensitivities comparable with those of 1,3,5‐trinitroperhydro‐1,3,5‐triazine (RDX).     

Syntheses,crystal structures,thermal behaviors,and sensitivities of new initiator compositions: rubidium salts of trinitrophenol and trinitroresorcinol

Three new polymeric Rb(I) salts of trinitrophenol and trinitroresorcinol, rubidium trinitrophenol ([RbTNP]_n), bi-substituted rubidium salt of trinitroresorcinol ([Rb₂TNR·H₂O]_n), and mono-substituted rubidium salt of trinitroresorcinol ([RbHTNR]_n) were synthesized and characterized by X-ray single-crystal diffraction, elemental analysis, and IR spectroscopy. The central Rb(I) cations are 10 or 11-coordinated by oxygens from nitro group, phenolic hydroxyl and coordinated water, and the multidentate ligands bridged different Rb(I) centers. Coordination bonds, electrostatic interaction, and intermolecular hydrogen bonds assemble the ions into 3-D polymeric network structures. Thermal decomposition behaviors of the compounds were studied by applying differential scanning calorimetry under various linear heating rates. Sensitivities measurements revealed that these compounds are sensitive to flame, insensitive to impact and friction stimulates. All properties show that the compounds are promising to be an eco-friendly initiating composition, especially [RbTNP]_n.     

Bridged bis-pyridinylimino dinickel(II) complexes: Syntheses, characterization, ethylene oligomerization and polymerization

A series of bridged bis(pyridinylimino) ligands were efficiently synthesized through the condensation reaction of 4,4′-methylene-bis(2,6-disubstituted aniline) with 2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde or 2-benzoylpyridine. They reacted with (DME)NiBr₂ to form dinuclear Ni(II) complexes. All resultant compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectra as well as the single-crystal X-ray diffraction to confirm the structures of ligands and complexes. Activated with methylaluminoxane (MAO), these nickel complexes showed considerably good activities for ethylene oligomerization and polymerization. Their catalytic activities and the properties of PEs obtained were depended on the arched environment of ligand and reaction conditions.     

Chiral bisimidazolium salts derived from amino acids and their palladium(II)- and platinum(II)-biscarbene complexes

We report new chiral bisimidazolium salts synthesized from naturally occurring l-amino acids. They served as precursors for bidentate N-heterocyclic carbene metal complexes. The chiral imidazoles could be synthesized in good yields via a one-pot ring closing reaction, followed by esterification. The methylene bridged bisimidazolium iodide salts are accessible in moderate yields. Corresponding palladium(II)- and platinum(II)-NHC complexes could be synthesized and fully characterized, but do not show optical activity. We also report a solid state structure of one of the synthesized palladium(II) biscarbene compounds derived from alanine.     

Characterization of iodonium salts differing in the anion

The properties and reactivity of a series of iodonium salts with different anions were compared. The nucleophilicity of the anions in such compounds can be characterized by their melting points and NMR spectra. When using Quinaldine Red as indicator and CH3CN as solvent, the acid release rate of the iodonium salts correlated very well with their polymerization results in acid-sensitive epoxides.     

Sandwich double-decker lanthanide(III) "intracavity" complexes based on clamshell-type phthalocyanine ligands: synthesis, spectral, electrochemical, and spectroelectrochemical investigations

Phthalocyanine compounds of novel type based on a bridged bis-ligand, denoted "intracavity" complexes, have been prepared. Complexation of clamshell ligand 1,1'-[benzene-1,2-diylbis(methanediyloxy)]bis[9(10),16(17),23(24)-tri-tert-butylphthalocyanine] ((clam,tBu)Pc(2)H(4), 1) with lanthanide(III) salts [Ln(acac)(3)]?n?H(2)O (Ln = Eu, Dy, Lu; acetylacetonate) led to formation of double-deckers (clam,tBu)Pc(2)Ln (2?a-c). Formation of high molecular weight oligophthalocyanine complexes was demonstrated as well. The presence of an intramolecular covalent bridge affecting the relative arrangement of macrocycles was shown to result in specific physicochemical properties. A combination of UV/Vis/NIR and NMR spectroscopy, MALDI-TOF mass-spectrometry, cyclic voltammetry, and spectroelectrochemistry provided unambiguous characterization of the freshly prepared bis-phthalocyanines, and also revealed intrinsic peculiarities in the structure-property relationship, which were supported by theoretical calculations. Unexpected NMR activity of the paramagnetic dysprosium complex 2?b in the neutral π-radical form was observed and examined as well.     

Luminescent Mono-, Di-, and Triradicals: Bridging Polychlorinated Triarylmethyl Radicals by Triarylamines and Triarylboranes

Up to three polychlorinated pyridyldiphenylmethyl radicals bridged by a triphenylamine carrying electron withdrawing (CN), neutral (Me), or donating (OMe) groups were synthesized and analogous radicals bridged by tris(2,6-dimethylphenyl)borane were prepared for comparison. All compounds were as stable as common closed-shell organic compounds and showed significant fluorescence upon excitation. Electronic, magnetic, absorption, and emission properties were examined in detail, and experimental results were interpreted using DFT calculations. Oxidation potentials, absorption and emission energies could be tuned depending on the electron density of the bridges. The triphenylamine bridges mediated intramolecular weak antiferromagnetic interactions between the radical spins, and the energy difference between the high spin and low spin states was determined by temperature dependent ESR spectroscopy and DFT calculations. The fluorescent properties of all radicals were examined in detail and revealed no difference for high and low spin states which facilitates application of these dyes in two-photon absorption spectroscopy and OLED devices.     

New series of triply bridged dinuclear Cu(II) compounds: synthesis, crystal structure, magnetic properties, and theoretical study

Five new triply bridged dinuclear Cu(II) compounds have been synthesized, and their magnetic properties have been measured and characterized. The magnetic coupling constants (J) of these compounds plus a previously structurally characterized compound of the same type have been derived by appropriate fitting of the experimentally measured molar susceptibility variation with the temperature. Two of the compounds are ferromagnetically coupled, and three are antiferromagnetically coupled with J values in the [+150, -40] cm(-1) range. The validity of the structural aggregate Addison's parameter as a qualitative magneto-structural correlation is confirmed. The origin of the magnetic interactions and the magnitude of the magnetic coupling have been analyzed by means of density functional theory-based calculations using a variety of state of the art exchange-correlation potentials. It is shown that the long-range separated LC-ωPBE provides the overall best agreement with experiment for this family as well as for a set of previously reported hetero triply bridged dinuclear Cu(II) compounds, especially for ferromagnetic systems.     

Design, synthesis and stimuli responsive gelation of novel stigmasterol-amino acid conjugates

An efficient synthesis of three novel stigmasterol-amino acid (glycine, L-leucine and L-phenylalanine) conjugates as stimuli responsive gelators is reported. The gelation properties of the prepared compounds were investigated in a variety of organic as well as aqueous solvents. The most striking finding of our investigation was that the hydrochloride salts of the prepared conjugates acted as gelators, whereas the neutral conjugates were either non-gelators or formed only a weak gel in anisole. The hydrochloride salts of stigmasteryl glycinate and L-leucinate form gels in n-alcohols (n=4-10) and in ethane-1,2-diol, and that of stigmasteryl L-phenylalaninate forms gels in aromatic solvents and in tetrachloromethane. These unique properties of the gelators were explored to prepare stimuli responsive, "acid-base" triggered reversible sol-gel transitions. The gelators and their gels were characterized by liquid and solid-state NMR as well as FT-IR. The morphology of their corresponding xerogels was investigated by SEM.     

桥连双(酮亚胺)和双(二酮亚胺)及其铝配合物的合成与催化活性

通过桥连双β-二酮类化合物与取代苯胺反应, 合成了5个新的桥连双(β-单酮亚胺)化合物(1~5)和2个新的桥连双(β-二酮亚胺)化合物(6,7), 它们与三甲基铝反应, 得到了相应的3个双(β-酮亚胺基)二铝配合物(8~10)和2个双(β-二酮亚胺基)二铝配合物(11,12). 采用核磁共振、 红外光谱和质谱等对这些化合物进行了表征, 通过X射线单晶衍射分析证实了铝配合物的结构, 并考察了这些铝配合物在ε-己内酯开环聚合反应中的催化活性.     

Heterolysis of Dihydrogen by Silver Alkoxides and Fluorides

Alkoxide‐bridged disilver cations react with dihydrogen to form hydride‐bridged cations, releasing free alcohol. Hydrogenolysis of neutral silver fluorides affords hydride‐bridged disilver cations as their bifluoride salts. These reactions proceed most efficiently when the supporting ligands are expanded N‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) derived from 6‐ and 7‐membered cyclic amidinium salts. Kinetics studies show that silver fluoride hydrogenolysis is first‐order in both silver and dihydrogen.     

二脲基桥联β-环糊精手性液相色谱键合相的制备与性能评价

采用六亚甲基二异氰酸酯与6-脱氧-6-羟乙基胺基-β-环糊精反应,合成二脲基桥联β-环糊精,并将其键合到硅胶表面,制备一种新型的二脲基桥联β-环糊精固定相(UBCDP)。通过红外光谱、质谱、元素分析等进行结构表征,以黄烷酮类、氨基酸类、三唑类手性药物和农药为探针,评价其手性色谱性能,探讨相关分离机理。进行色谱条件优化,并与单β-环糊精固定相(CDCSP)比较。试验了多种手性化合物,其中25个被拆分,2'-羟基黄烷酮、己唑醇、丹磺酰亮氨酸等分离度(R_s)达到1.52~4.35,且能拆分体积较大的橙皮甙。这与桥联β-环糊精的协同包结作用有关。而CDCSP仅能拆分少量的对映体,且分离度较低。UBCDP手性拆分能力更强,在手性药物和农药监测中有应用价值。     

Electrochemistry and spectroelectrochemistry of tert-butylcalix[4]arene bridged bis double-decker lutetium(III) phthalocyanine, Lu2Pc4 and dimeric lutetium(III) phthalocyanine, Lu2Pc2(OAc)2

In this study, electrochemical, electrochromic and spectroelectrochemical properties of a tert-butylcalix[4]arene bridged bis double-decker lutetium(III) phthalocyanine (Lu₂Pc₄ 2) were investigated explicitly as compared with a tert-butylcalix[4]arene bridged dimeric lutetium(III) phthalocyanine [Lu₂Pc₂(OAc)₂ 1]. Distinctive differences between electrochemical and electrochromic properties of 1 and 2 were detected. Moreover, the properties of 1 and 2 were compared with previously reported S₄(CH₂)₄ bridged Lu₂Pc₂(OAc)₂ and Lu₂Pc₄. The calixarene bridged phthalocyanine (Pc) compounds, 1 and 2 showed well-defined electrochromic behaviour with green-blue and blue-purple colour transitions. The enhanced electrochromic properties of 2, as compared to 1, were attributed to its double-decker structure, probably allowing the formation of suitable ion channels for the counter ion movement in the solid film.     

氨基酸5—氟尿嘧啶酯类衍生物的合成及其抗肿瘤活性研究

用氨基酸作抗癌药物载体以提高对癌细胞选择性的研究引起了人们的浓厚兴趣。在前文中,我们报道了5-氟尿嘧啶乙酰和丙酰氨基酸及其氨基酸的3-(N′-5-氟尿嘧啶基)-丙醇酯的合成及其抗肿瘤试验研究。本文将报道一系列氨基酸(5-氟尿嘧啶-1,3-双丙基)酯盐酸盐的合成及其体外抗肿瘤活性的研究。 合成路线如下: