N，N-双（α-萘基-苯基）-4，4＇-联苯二胺纳米管的制备及其光谱行为

利用多孔氧化铝作模板采用熔融法成功制备了一种定向有序排列的有机小分子(NPB)纳米管，并用场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)、X射线能量损失谱(EDX)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和荧光显微镜对其进行了表征，发现该纳米管具有整齐的形貌和规整的尺寸．进一步的研究表明，多孔氧化铝模板的亲油亲水处理对能否成功地大量获得纳米管起到非常重要的作用．值得注意的是，在对不同尺寸纳米管材荧光光谱的测定中，可明确观察到材料光学性质的尺寸依赖性．     

化学沉积法制备Ni-P纳米线与纳米管有序阵列

以多孔氧化铝膜为模板, 在室温下的酸性化学镀镍槽中通过化学沉积法生长出纳米线与纳米管有序阵列. 分别用X射线衍射仪(XRD)与透射电子显微镜(TEM)对纳米线、纳米管阵列进行表征. 并通过对纳米线与纳米管的生长方式进行分析比较, 系统地研究了多孔氧化铝模板的前处理对纳米阵列生长的影响. 结果表明, 生成的纳米线与纳米管均为非晶态的镍磷合金. 室温下镍纳米管的生成主要取决于敏化、活化过程, 而当纳米管的厚度达到一定程度后就不再随时间变化.     

二次阳极氧化技术的理论依据及其局限性

二次阳极氧化技术在多孔阳极氧化铝和氧化钛纳米管的制备过程中得到广泛应用,但其理论依据还不清楚。本文详细综述了二次阳极氧化和预压印技术的由来及其理论依据,阐明了二次阳极氧化过程中传统“场致助溶”理论无法解释的实验事实,分析了二次阳极氧化和预压印技术在多孔阳极氧化铝制备中的局限性和前提条件,并用氧气气泡模型对文献中报道的一些特殊孔道的形成机制进行了诠释,揭示了气泡模具和氧化物的黏性流动对圆柱形、规则有序孔道的形成的重要影响,展望了电子电流和氧气气泡模具对多孔氧化铝、氧化钛纳米管的制备和结构调控的指导作用。本综述对阳极氧化钛纳米管的制备和机理的深入研究,促进其在光催化和太阳能电池领域的应用有重要的意义。     

N,N-双(α-萘基-苯基)-4,4′-联苯二胺纳米管的制备及其光谱行为

利用多孔氧化铝作模板采用熔融法成功制备了一种定向有序排列的有机小分子 (NPB)纳米管 ,并用场发射扫描电镜 (FESEM)、X射线能量损失谱 (EDX)、透射电子显微镜 (TEM)和荧光显微镜对其进行了表征 .发现该纳米管具有整齐的形貌和规整的尺寸 .进一步的研究表明 ,多孔氧化铝模板的亲油亲水处理对能否成功地大量获得纳米管起到非常重要的作用 .值得注意的是 ,在对不同尺寸纳米管材荧光光谱的测定中 ,可明确观察到材料光学性质的尺寸依赖性 .     

N,N-双(α-萘基-苯基)-4,4''''-联苯二胺纳米管的制备及其光谱行为

利用多孔氧化铝作模板采用熔融法成功制备了一种定向有序排列的有机小分子(NPB)纳米管,并用场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)、 X射线能量损失谱(EDX)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和荧光显微镜对其进行了表征.发现该纳米管具有整齐的形貌和规整的尺寸.进一步的研究表明,多孔氧化铝模板的亲油亲水处理对能否成功地大量获得纳米管起到非常重要的作用.值得注意的是,在对不同尺寸纳米管材荧光光谱的测定中,可明确观察到材料光学性质的尺寸依赖性.     

镧掺杂二氧化钛纳米管光催化性能

以多孔有序阳极氧化铝为模板,利用溶胶-凝胶法制备掺杂La的二氧化钛纳米管,用场发射扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和比表面分析仪对其进行表征,以甲基橙为目标降解物,对比未掺杂的二氧化钛纳米粉、纳米管以及掺杂的二氧化钛纳米粉研究其光催化性能,并对降解机制进行分析。结果表明：适量的掺杂有利于提高二氧化钛纳米管的光催化性能,掺杂存在一个最佳量,本试验条件下为1%（质量分数）。掺杂的二氧化钛纳米管光催化性能优于掺杂的纳米粉。     

超级电容器电极材料γ-MnO2纳米管的制备及性能

采用化学沉积和500℃热处理的方法在多孔氧化铝(AAO)模板中成功地合成了超级电容器电极材料γ-MnO2纳米管.运用XRD,SEM,TEM和N2吸附-脱附对实验制备的γ-MnO2纳米管进行了结构、形貌和比表面积分析.通过循环伏安法(CV)和恒电流充放电测试在1 mol/L Na2SO4溶液中研究了γ-MnO2电极的电化...     

Ni(OH)2纳米管的制备、表征及电化学性能

以多孔氧化铝为模板, 在不同溶液浓度下, 用化学沉积法制备了氢氧化镍纳米管. 采用XRD, SEM, TEM和HRTEM等手段, 对产物的物相、表面形貌及微结构进行了表征. 结果表明所得产物是高纯度的氢氧化镍纳米管, 外径约为180～220 nm, 管壁厚20～30 nm. 将所制备的氢氧化镍纳米管制成电极, 其电化学性能测试表明, Ni(OH)₂纳米管的中空结构特点, 能够有效地提高镍电极的充电效率、放电比容量、高倍率及高温放电性能. 机理分析表明中空结构的Ni(OH)₂纳米管对于提高碱性二次电池的综合性能有着极为重要的意义.     

Ni(OH)2纳米管的制备、表征及电化学性能

以多孔氧化铝为模板, 在不同溶液浓度下, 用化学沉积法制备了氢氧化镍纳米管. 采用XRD, SEM, TEM和HRTEM等手段, 对产物的物相、表面形貌及微结构进行了表征. 结果表明所得产物是高纯度的氢氧化镍纳米管, 外径约为180～220 nm, 管壁厚20～30 nm. 将所制备的氢氧化镍纳米管制成电极, 其电化学性能测试表明, Ni(OH)₂纳米管的中空结构特点, 能够有效地提高镍电极的充电效率、放电比容量、高倍率及高温放电性能. 机理分析表明中空结构的Ni(OH)₂纳米管对于提高碱性二次电池的综合性能有着极为重要的意义.     

勃姆石AlOOH纳米管的合成与表征

一维无机纳米管材料的合成是目前材料化学的研究热点。鉴于氧化铝在催化及吸附等方面的广泛应用,对氧化铝纳米管的制备有很多报道。如有文献报道采用无模板方法,从无机铝源或氢氧化铝溶     

Synthesis of Eu2O3 nanotube arrays through a facile sol-gel template approach

Eu2O3 nanotubes have been successfully fabricated by an improved sol-gel template method within the nanochannels of porous anodic alumina templates. The morphology, structure, and composition of the nanotubes were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction techniques, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscopy, and selected-area electron diffraction. The results show that the Eu2O3 nanotubes are polycrystalline with a cubic structure. The outer diameter of nanotubes is 50-80 nm, and the thickness of the tube wall is about 5 nm. The mechanism of nanotube formation was discussed.     

离子液体中电沉积制备钴纳米线阵列

Porous anodic alumina (PAA) was used as a template to prepare Co nanowires array from 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid by direct current method. The surface morphology of porous anodic alumina template was observed by field emission-scanning tunneling microscopy (FE-SEM) before and after the electrodeposition of Co nanowires. The electrodeposition of Co nanowires was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). TEM results indicate that the Co nanowire surface is coarse and porous when aqueous solution was used as electrolyte， and the Co nanowire deposited from the ionic liquid is uniform and smooth. XRD results show that the electrodeposition of Co is a mixture of crystal and microcrystal phase.     

还原剂对多孔阳极氧化铝纳米孔道结构的影响

多孔阳极氧化铝(PAA)和多孔阳极氧化钛纳米管(PATNT)的结构调控近年来倍受关注. 在形成机理尚不清楚的情况下, 对PAA和PATNT的结构调控很难避免盲目性. 为验证“氧气气泡模具”可以形成纳米孔道这个新观点, 本文采用化学方法对PAA的结构进行调控, 成功地引入了一种还原剂来吸收纳米孔道中的氧气气泡. 在添加还原剂的草酸溶液中得到了一种特殊的阳极氧化铝膜. 研究了还原剂的含量对磷酸溶液中形成PAA孔道结构的影响, 结果表明随着还原剂含量的增加, PAA的孔道直径逐渐减小, 有序性降低. 对比了添加还原剂前后阳极氧化过程的电压-时间曲线的差异, 结果表明, 在含有还原剂溶液中制备的阳极氧化铝膜的导电性明显提高. 在密封的条件下, 还原剂能吸收掉孔道中的氧气, 使气泡模具效应消失, 得到完全的致密型氧化膜. 这些实验事实充分证明PAA中有序孔道的形成是氧气气泡模具效应的结果.     

Template-based electrophoretic growth of PbZrO<Subscript>3</Subscript> nanotubes

Lead zirconate (PbZrO₃) nanotubes have been grown using porous anodic alumina templates. Sol–gel electrophoresis technique was utilized to form the nanotubes on the pore walls. The alumina templates were prepared using various anodizing voltages and times to achieve different pore diameters and lengths. Phosphoric acid solution was employed as the anodizing electrolyte. Stabilized lead zirconate sols were prepared using lead acetate trihydrate and an alkoxide precursor of zirconium. Acetic acid was used as the modifier. The prepared sols were driven into the template channels under various electrophoretic voltages and times, and the effect of the electrophoresis parameters on the formation of nanotubes was investigated. The filled templates were dried at 100 °C and sintered at 700 °C. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) investigations demonstrated the tubular form of the lead zirconate arrays. The SEM investigations also showed the nanotubes have been efficiently grown in the template pores. The TEM studies further confirmed the polycrystalline nature of the tubes.     

电沉积法制备金属纳米线阵列膜的偏光特性

Metal nanowire array films were prepared by electrodepositing Cu, Ag, Ni, Co and Cu-Ag on porous anodic alumina film. Optical transmittance of both the porous anodic alumina film and metal nanowire array film was measured in the wavelength range of 400---2600 nm under an obliquely incident light. The experimental results show that metal nanowire array films exhibit a prominent polarization function. It was found that optical polarization properties can be improved by choosing suitable kinds of electrodepositing metal, controlling the shape and length of nanowire, and changing the incident angle.     

Fabrication of mesoporous Pt nanotubes utilizing dual templates under a reduced pressure condition

Pt nanotubes with mesoporous walls have been successfully prepared for the first time by the combination of hard templates (porous anodic alumina membranes, PAAM) and soft templates (lyotropic liquid crystals, LLC).     

纳米晶状磷酸钙盐/Al2O3-Ti生物复合材料的制备与结构表征

0引言众所周知,钛及其合金具有优良的机械力学性能,但其生物活性不足。因此,在金属基体上涂敷一层生物活性涂层,结合金属与生物活性材料的各自优势,已成为世界各国学者研究最为活跃的生物复合材料体系之一。该体系可用于临床医学,作为人体硬组织等的修复替换材料。目前,已开发出多种在金属基体上制备生物活性涂层的工艺和方法。如:等离子沉积法[1]、离子束溅射法[2]、激光熔覆法[3]、溶胶鄄凝胶法[4]、电化学沉积与水热处理合成法[5]、电泳沉积[6]、电结晶[7]等多种方法。但现有涂层材料尚存在一些问题:(1)由于替换材料的高硬度而导致其周围硬组织坏死[8];(2)由于疲劳磨损或热膨胀不匹配引起涂层脱落[9];(3)由于异质相导致生物活性降解[10]。因此,研究新的制备工艺,开发新的生物复合材料体系就显得十分重要。考虑到Al2O3具有优异的抗磨损、耐腐蚀等性能,以及较好的生物相容性,常作为临床选用的人造硬组织承载材料[11],故在本研究工作中,我们首次采用阳极氧化与水热处理复合工艺研制酸式磷酸钙/Al2O3鄄Ti生物复合材料体系。该体系不同于由日本Ishizawa等研制的HAp/TiO2鄄Ti复合体系[12]。主要体现在两...     

Direct Electrochemical Oxidation of Dihydronicotiamide AdenineDinucleotide （NADH） at An Ordered Carbon Nanotubes Electrode

With novel structure, extraordinary electronic properties, high chemical stability and extremely high mechanical strength1, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have found a wide range of potential applications2-6. The subtle electronic properties suggest that CNTs have the ability to promote electron transfer when they are used as an electrode. The disordered CNTs have been used to fabricate electrode7-10. Thus, it is very interesting to fabricate the electrode using the ordered CNTs and to examin…     

Template-synthesized LiCoO2, LiMn2O4, and LiNi0.8 Co0.2 O2 nanotubes as the cathode materials of lithium ion batteries

The first point of this work is to synthesize LiCoO2, LiNi0.8 Co0.2 O2, and LiMn2O4 nanotubes with the template of porous anodic aluminum oxide by thermal decomposition of sol-gel precursors. The as-synthesized materials were open-ended nanotubes with uniform shape and size based on the analysis of scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. An "in situ reaction from nanoparticle to nanotube" mechanism was discussed for the formation process of the nanotubes. The second point of this paper is to investigate the electrochemical properties of the as-synthesized nanotubes for the cathode materials of lithium ion batteries. It was found that the nanotube electrodes exhibited better reversibility and higher discharge capacities than that of their nanocrystalline counterparts. The reason for the improved electrochemical performance of the nanotube electrodes was also interpreted.