矮小儿童血清微量元素分析

为通过分析矮小儿童血清生长激素(hGH)及微量元素水平,探讨微量元素在儿童生长发育中的重要作用,回顾性分析了176例矮小儿童空腹血清hGH及微量元素锌、铁、铜、钙、镁水平,其中血清微量元素含量用原子吸收分光光度法测定,而hGH采用hGH激发试验,并应用化学发光法测定。结果表明,55.68%的矮小儿童伴有微量元素缺乏,其中血清钙、锌、镁明显低于正常儿童(P<0.05),分别为(2 158.44±147.82)μmol/mL、(14.06±4.03)μmol/mL、(794.78±86.23)μmol/mL。提示矮小儿童应注重补充微量元素,均衡饮食,以满足机体生长发育所需。     

重症毛细支气管炎患儿微量元素的相关性研究

目的探讨重症毛细管支气管炎患儿微量元素与免疫功能之间的相关性。方法选取2014年3月到2015年3月于佛山市第一人民医院就诊的55例重症毛细支气管炎患儿为观察组,选取同期体检健康儿童32例为对照组。分别测定两组的微量元素和免疫指标并对其相关性进行分析。结果在微量元素血清钙、铁、锌水平上,观察组明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组CD8水平低于对照组,CD4/CD8高于对照组,其比较有统计学意义(P0.05);Ig A、Ig G水平观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),观察组患儿的血清铁与Ig A呈正相关,血清钙与Ig A和Ig G呈正相关。结论重症毛细支气管炎患儿存在钙铁锌等微量元素的缺乏、免疫功能紊乱等症状,其体液免疫功能低下与微量元素铁和锌的缺乏有明显的相关性。     

太阳神奶对学龄前儿童全血中微量元素的影响

选择5～6岁儿童64名，随机分为两组，分别服用太阳神奶(A组)和一般乳酸奶(B组)，每天服用100mL。连服9周，检测全血中微量元素锌、铁、铜、钙、锰的变化。经检测，服用太阳神奶A组经统计学分析，微量元素锌、铁、锰呈显著或非常显著变化。     

甘肃省裕固族地区部分7～13岁儿童智商与血清钙、镁、铁、锌、铜含量的相关分析

为了解甘肃省裕固族地区儿童智商发育及血清钙、镁、铁、锌、铜水平,收集可能影响儿童智力发育的资料,给相关研究提供科学依据,采用整群随机抽样的方法,抽取甘肃省张掖市肃南裕固族自治县的部分7~13岁儿童作为研究对象,自行设计问卷收集儿童信息、现场采用瑞文智力测试图谱对研究对象进行了智力测试,同时采集部分儿童指端末梢血,用原子吸收光谱仪测定了血钙、镁、铁、锌、铜水平,并做了相关性分析。结果表明,智商均值为(106.26±14.10)分,接近人群中等水平(90~109分);按年龄、民族和城乡出生地分组,13~14岁组与其他各年龄组间均存在统计学差异,7~9、10~12岁组内未发现统计学差异,组间存在部分统计学差异;非裕固族、城市儿童智商值高于裕固族、农村儿童,差异有统计学意义。全血5种元素测定结果:钙、镁、铁、锌、铜元素平均水平分别为:(2.02±0.58)mmol/L、(1.69±0.39)mmol/L、(8.67±2.01)mmol/L、(91.51±29.23)μmol/L、(17.05±6.13)μmol/L,均处于人群正常水平;各年龄组间比较,钙、锌、镁显示出统计学差异,其他元素及组间对比,均无统计学意义;按农村与城镇、裕固族与非裕固族分类,钙、镁、铁、锌、铜元素水平均未发现统计学差异;进一步按照智力等级进行相关性分析,显示锌的差别有统计学意义。提示与全国儿童智力发育水平相比,裕固族地区儿童IQ及血清钙、镁、铁、锌、铜元素平均水平接近人群正常水平,但智力与锌摄入水平存在统计学相关;城乡等社会因素与裕固族地区儿童智力相关性更大。     

厌食症患儿血微量元素分析

为探讨患儿厌食与血微量元素之间的关系,用等离子体原子发射光谱法测定了厌食症患儿与正常对照组血微量元素锌、铁、铜、钙、镁含量。结果表明,厌食症组患儿血清锌明显低于对照组（P〈0．001）,而铁与对照组相比差异明显（P〈0．05）,而两组血铜、钙、镁比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．005）。提示厌食症患儿与血微量元素缺乏密切相关,要重视儿童营养,强调科学、合理的喂养方法和良好的生活习惯。     

单纯性肥胖症儿童血清锌铜铁钙的变化及意义

测定了福州地区88例单纯性肥胖症儿童及50例健康儿血清锌、铜、铁、钙含量。结果显示,肥胖组血清Zn水平显著升高,Fe、Cu、Ca水平无变化,Cu/Zn比值降低。说明体内微量元素变化以锌明显,铜相对缺少。对于疾病的治疗和控制有指导性价值。     

轻度铅中毒对儿童微量元素及骨龄的影响

为探讨儿童轻度铅中毒对微量元素及骨龄的影响,采用钨舟原子化法和原子吸收光谱法分别检测了33例轻度铅中毒患儿血铅及微量元素水平,用X摄片进行骨龄测定,并进行了相关分析。结果表明,轻度铅中毒患儿微量元素钙、铁、锌降低,骨龄发育落后,血铅含量与钙、铁、锌水平呈负相关。提示轻度铅中毒使儿童骨龄落后,可能与微量元素间的失衡有关。     

孝感地区学龄前儿童微量元素水平及生长发育情况调查

目的调查孝感地区学龄前儿童微量元素水平及生长发育情况。方法研究对象源于孝感市中心医院儿科2014年10月—2015年10月收纳的1 357名学龄前儿童,按年龄0~5岁依次分为Ⅰ组~Ⅵ组。对所有入选对象进行体格检查和微量元素锌、铁、钙、镁、铜水平检查,统计各年龄段儿童微量元素水平。根据体格发育水平,将全体儿童分为生长发育正常组(1 028例)和生长发育迟缓组(329例),比较两组儿童体内血微量元素水平。结果不同年龄段儿童各微量元素水平组间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),随年龄增长,儿童体内各微量元素水平也随之提升;较生长发育迟缓组,生长发育正常组儿童微量元素锌、铁、钙、铜、镁水平高,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论孝感地区学龄前儿童微量元素水平普遍达标,仍有少部分儿童微量元素相对缺乏,可引起其生长发育迟缓,儿童家长应给予高度重视。     

支气管肺炎患儿血清锌、铜含量分析

对支气管肺炎患儿200例，健康儿童200例，进行了血清锌，铜含量测定。结果显示，支气管肺炎患儿的血清锌含量降低。血清铜含量升高，提示微量元素与人体疾病关系密切。锌是儿童发育所需的重要物质。对健康儿童来说，它可能较恒定。可以反映儿童的免疫机能和发育水平。     

珠海市儿童营养性贫血与血清微量元素变化的分析

为探讨儿童营养性贫血的发病与造血相关微量元素铁、铜、锌、铅的关系 ,测定了 72例轻、中度营养性贫血患儿的血清铁、铜、锌、铅 ,并与 3 2例健康儿童进行比较。结果表明 ,贫血组儿童血清铁、铜、锌含量明显降低 ,但铁、铜有显著性差异 (t =5 0 1 3、 2 2 40 ,P <0 0 5 ) ,锌无显著性差异 (t=1 645 ,P >0 0 5 ) ,血铅含量明显增高 ,差异显著 (t=3 0 93 ,P <0 0 5 )。贫血与血清铁含量呈正相关 ,且有显著意义 (r =0 3 1 6,P <0 0 1 ) ,与血清铜、锌含量呈正相关 ,但无显著意义 (r=0 1 89、 0 0 2 0 ,P >0 0 5 ) ,与血清铅水平呈负相关 ,但无显著意义 (r =-0 0 1 8,P >0 0 5 )。提示在临床营养性贫血的诊治中 ,要注意相关微量元素水平的检查及合理调整     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.