电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定水中的总磷

建立了ICP-OES测定水中总磷的方法,并对最佳测试条件的选择进行了探讨.在优化条件下,总磷的校准曲线在0.1010mg/L范围内有良好的线性关系.在低、中、高3个添加水平,总磷的回收率为97.5％-101％,相对标准偏差为1.18％-2.13.本方法检出限为0.012mg/L.     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定恩施富硒土壤中的总硒

采用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定恩施富硒土壤中的总硒,优化了各项实验条件,确定了最佳方法。在最佳实验条件下,方法的检出限为0.04μg/L,线性范围为0.12—80μg/L,RSD为0.87%。测得样品含量在3.449—115.070μg/g之间,回收率为97.8%—101.1%,方法简单、结果准确、重现性好,适合测定富硒土壤中的总硒含量。     

氢化物发生-原子吸收光谱法测定卷烟辅料中汞

研究了氢化物发生-原子吸收光谱法测定卷烟辅料中汞的方法,样品采用HNO3H2O2微波消解,然后以硼氢化钠为还原剂,用氢化物发生-原子吸收光谱法测定卷烟辅料中的汞.在最佳微波消化条件和测定条件下,线性范围为0.06-200μg/L,检出限为0.01μg/L,测定结果的相对标准偏差为2.2%-2.9%,回收率为97%-104%.结果令人满意.     

浊点萃取-分光光度法测定水环境中的痕量钴

利用阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)和络合剂1-(2-吡啶偶氮)2-萘酚(PAN),加入HCl使SDS质子化,对钴进行浊点萃取,分光光度法测定水体中痕量钴。详细探讨了影响浊点萃取及测定灵敏度的因素。优化条件为:NaCl、HCl、PAN、SDS浓度分别为1.90mol/L、1.20mol/L、0.3μmol/L、1.25%,60℃水浴50min、离心5min(3000r/min)。在最佳条件下,钴的富集倍数为50倍,方法检出限为2.870μg/L,线性范围为16.7—83.3μg/L,RSD为0.96%—3.30%。该方法用于实际水样钴的富集和测定,结果令人满意。     

溴酸钾-猩红3B体系中催化光度法测定痕量亚硝酸根

基于稀磷酸介质中亚硝酸根催化溴酸钾氧化猩红3B的褪色反应,建立测定痕量亚硝酸根的新方法.方法检出限为1.36×10-3μg/mL,线性范围为0.012-0.080μg/mL,回收率为98.8%-101.0%.方法已用于水中亚硝酸根的测定,结果令人满意.     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定土壤中的铅

研究了氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法检测土壤中铅的适宜检测条件,建立了王水-HF-HClO4的消解体系。以草酸、氨磺酸铵、硫氢化钠为掩敝剂,用硼氢化钾为还原剂。本方法检出限为0.2μg/L,线性范围分别为0.5—30μg/L和5—250μg/L,相关系数均≥0.999,相对标准偏差在5%以内,可广泛应用于各类土壤中铅的测定。     

毛细管柱-顶空气相色谱法测定化妆品中的甲醇

建立了毛细管柱-自动顶空气相色谱法测定化妆品中甲醇的方法.研究了样品平衡温度、样品平衡时间、盐析剂等实验条件对测定结果的影响.甲醇含量在9.504-594.0mg/L浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数（r）为0.99998.在50-250μg/g添加水平的回收率为90.4％-105.6％,检出限为49.9μg/g.实验结果证明,该方法适于化妆品中甲醇含量的检测.     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定化探样品中的微量钒

采用加入基体改进剂-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定化探样品中微量钒.研究了不同基体改进剂对钒测定结果的影响,确定了石墨炉原子吸收测定钒的最佳条件.结果表明,采用镧为基体改进剂,在5%的HC1介质中进行钒的测定可获得满意的结果.方法的检出限为2.11μg/L,线性范围0-300.0 μg/L,相关系数r=0.9959.该方法用...     

超声波提取-氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定稻米中的硒

建立了超声波提取-氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定稻米硒含量的分析方法,对仪器条件和反应条件进行了选择、优化.样品加硝酸-高氯酸(3+2)混酸,超声波提取20min,热消解.在铁氰化钾-盐酸体系中,采用校准曲线法定量分析.结果表明,大米标准物质中硒的测定值与标准值相吻合.该法线性范围为0-20μg/L,检出限为0.2μg/L,回收率为92.4％-103.9％,相对标准偏差为3.1％-5.8％.方法准确、灵敏、简便、快速,是测定稻米中硒含量的理想方法.     

流动注射-鲁米诺-Ag(Ⅲ)化学发光法测定金银花中绿原酸

碱性介质中绿原酸对鲁米诺-Ag(Ⅲ)化学发光体系有显著增敏作用,在一定范围内,绿原酸的浓度与化学发光强度成正比.据此,结合流动注射技术,建立了绿原酸化学发光测定的新方法,并研究了影响化学发光强度的因素.在最优条件下测得方法的检出限为0.50μg/L,线性范围1.0-200.0μg/L.对25.0μg/L的绿原酸进行平行...     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.     

Design optimization of highly sensitive LSPR enhanced surface plasmon resonance biosensors with nanoholes

For breaking through the sensitivity limitation of conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, novel highly sensitive SPR biosensors with Au nanoparticles and nanogratings enhancement have been proposed recently.But in practice, these structures have obvious disadvantages.In this study, a nanohole based sensitivity enhancement SPR biosensor is proposed and the influence of different structural parameters on the performance is investigated by using rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA).Electromagnetic field distributions around the nanohole are also given out to directly explain the performance difference for various structural parameters.The results indicate that significant sensitivity increase is associated with localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excitation mediated by nanoholes.Except to outcome the weakness of other LSP based biosensors, larger resonance angle shift, reflectance amplitude, and sharper SPR curves' width are obtained simultaneously under optimized structural parameters.     

Polymer gratings based on photopolymerization for low-order distributed feedback polymer lasers

Novel polymer distributed feedback(DFB)gratings are fabricated based on photopolymerization to reduce lasing threshold of polymer lasers.A photopolymer formulation sensitive to 355-nm ultraviolet(UV)light is proposed for the fabrication of polymer gratings and it can be used to form polymer films by spin-coating process.A very low surface-relief depth ranging from 12.5 to about 1.0 nm has been demonstrated with a refractive-index modulation of about 0.012.The experimental results indicate that such polymer gratings have promising potentials for the fabrication of low-order DFB organic semiconductor lasers.