聚苯乙烯负载2-氨基-5-乙基-1,3,4-噻二唑螯合树脂的合成及其吸附性能

以氯甲基化聚苯乙烯 (PS)、一缩二乙二醇 (DEG)、二缩三乙二醇 (TEG)为原料,通过亲水性悬臂将杂环功能基2-氨基5-乙基-1,3,4-噻二唑 (AETZ) 引入到聚苯乙烯-二乙烯苯母体中,合成了两种新型螯合树脂 (PS-DEG-AETZ,PS-TEG-AETZ),并对两种树脂进行了红外光谱和元素分析表征.测定了该树脂对Cu2 、Pb2 、Zn2 、Ag 、Hg2 等金属离子的吸附性能.结果表明,PS-DEG-AETZ,PS-TEG-AETZ对Hg2 、Ag 的静态吸附量分别为0.41mmol/g和0.30mmol/g,对Cu2 、Pb2 、Zn2 的吸附量为零,表现出很好的吸附选择性,亲水性悬臂长度的增加有利于树脂吸附量的增加.     

含酰胺结构的硅胶键载二乙烯三胺螯合微粒的合成及其吸附性能

硅胶与γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷(AFFS)进行硅烷化反应,然后与丙烯酸甲酯(MA)进行迈克尔加成反应引入酯基,最后与二乙烯三胺(DETA)反应生成氨基结尾的酰胺基硅胶,其结构经红外光谱、元素分析,热重分析(TG)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)表征.元素分析表明,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的氨基含量分别为1.992mmol/g、1.699mmol/g、3.416mmol/g.研究了该硅胶微粒对重金属离子Ag 、Hg2 、Cu2 的吸附容量、吸附动力学、等温吸附过程等静态吸附性能.结果表明,对3种离子的吸附量分别为0.71mmol/g、0.46mmol/g,0.35mmol/g.动力学吸附过程为液膜扩散控制,吸附过程符合Langmuir或Freundlich模型.     

二乙烯三胺接枝壳聚糖的合成与表征

以壳聚糖为基体,与环氧氯丙烷反应,然后与二乙烯三胺反应,制得二乙烯三胺接枝壳聚糖(CTSN)。经红外光谱FTIR分析和X-射线衍射分析表征了结构,在活化及接枝过程中未破坏壳聚糖中的吡喃苷六元环结构,其结构与预期结构吻合。初步研究了它对Pd2 、Ag 、Ni2 、Cu2 、Co2 、Cd2 金属离子的静态吸附性能,试验结果表明,CTSN对金属离子有较大的吸附容量,对Pd2 、Ag 离子的吸附容量分别为1.29mmol/g和1.15mmol/g。     

羧甲基二硫代氨基甲酸酯功能化聚氯乙烯树脂的合成及对Ag~+的吸附与选择性能

以聚氯乙烯为大分子骨架,经三乙烯四胺胺化,再与二硫化碳和乙醇钠反应,得到的二硫代氨基羧酸盐改性聚氯乙烯树脂(PV-NS)进一步与氯乙酸钠反应,合成了一种同时舍N,S,O的羧甲基二硫代氨基甲酸酯改性聚氯乙烯树脂(PV-NSO).合成树脂的功能基结构经红外和元素分析确认.对合成树脂的吸附性能研究表明,合成树脂对Ag+、Hg2+、Au<'3+>、Pb2+离子的吸附容量在实验条件下分别达2.058mmol/g、1.514mmol/g,1.125mmol/g和0.415mmol/g,而对Cu2+、Cd2+、Zn2+、Ni2+、Mg2+等离子的吸附容量很小,甚至不吸附.树脂的选择性吸附表明,树脂对Ag+的吸附选择性较好,在有Hg2+、Pb2+、Cd2+、Zn2+、Cu2+或Mg2+共存时,树脂对Ag+的选择性吸附系数分别达4.74、17.33,12.98、∞、7.60和74.14.合成树脂在极性溶剂中的溶胀性能均比在非极性溶剂中好.     

球状壳聚糖负载噻二唑树脂的合成及其吸附性能

用苯甲醛保护胺基后,将2-氨基-5-巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑引入到大孔壳聚糖微球上,合成了亲水性的多孔球状吸附树脂(CTS-AMT)。 对比研究了CTS-AMT和母体微球(CTS)对Zn2+、Cu2+、Cd2+、Pb2+、Ag+和Hg2+的吸附性能。 结果表明,pH=5.0,T=298.15 K时,CTS-AMT树脂对上述金属离子的吸附在1.5 h内基本达到平衡,对金属离子Hg2+、Ag+和Pb2+的静态饱和吸附量分别为2.54、2.31和1.71 mmol/g。 在实验浓度范围内该树脂对Hg2+的吸附过程符合 Langmuir等温吸附模型。     

二硫代氨基甲酸酚醛型螯合树脂的合成及其对Ag~+的吸附性能研究

以乙二醇单苯醚-甲醛负载三乙烯四胺螯合树脂(PB-TETA)为前驱体,经氨基与二硫化碳反应,得到含二硫代氨基甲酸基酚醛型螯合树脂(PB-TETA-CS2)。对所制备的新型螯合树脂进行了红外光谱和元素分析等表征,研究了树脂对Ag+、Hg2+、Cu2+、Pb2+和Ni2+等金属离子的静态饱和吸附量及树脂对Ag+的动力学及热力学吸附性能。结果表明,该树脂对Ag+的吸附量最高;pH=4时的最大吸附量为0.18mmol/g。树脂对Ag+的吸附受液膜扩散控制,等温吸附过程符合Langmuir单分子吸附模型。     

酚醛基质苯并咪唑螯合树脂的合成及配位性能

通过1,4-对苯二酚二缩水甘油醚和2,2′-二苯并咪唑二乙胺反应合成四苯并咪唑单体(TBMZ),经甲醛等缩合生成酚醛聚合物为基质的苯并咪唑螯合树脂(PTBMZs)。 新型螯合树脂配基含量达2.1~3.02 mmol/g。新树脂及其单体结构经13C核磁共振谱、FT-IR红外光谱、元素分析和DSC分析确证。 测定了Cu2+、Ni2+、Zn2+、Cd2+和Co2+氯化物在pH值为1.0~6.0的缓冲溶液中的配位容量。 实验结果表明,该类螯合树脂对Cu2+有高度的选择性,KCuX≥4.3非竞争条件下,PTBMZ-1的最大配位容量为1.15 mmol/g(pH=5.0,Cu2+),PTBMZ-2的最大配位容量为0.97 mmol/g(pH=5.0,Cu2+),配基占有率分别为35.9%,33.4%。 PTBMZ-1树脂对Cu2+吸附较快,t1/2=21 min。 电子顺磁共振谱和FT-IR光谱分析结果表明,形成n(金属离子)∶n(配基)=1∶2的螯合物为主。     

麦麸对重金属离子的吸附性能研究

以麦麸为天然吸附剂,从水溶液中去除重金属离子.实验表明,麦麸对重金属离子有优良的吸附性能.在约10min内达到吸附平衡,吸附容量分别为:Hg2 70mg/g、Pb2 63mg/g、Cd2 21mg/g、Cu2 15mg/g、Ni2 13mg/g及Cr3 9.3mg/g;吸附速率很快,并且对上述金属离子有良好的选择性.     

L-苯丙氨酸树脂对Cu2+络合性能的研究

研究了经聚苯乙烯氯乙酰树脂(PS-Ace-Cl)制得的PS手性苯丙氨酸树脂(PS-Ace-Phe)对Cu2 的吸附性能,即通过pH、时间、Cu2 浓度等条件的改变,研究了PS-Ace-Phe对Cu2 的吸附,得到了Cu2 的最佳吸附条件:Cu2 溶液浓度为100 mmol/L,pH为6.0～8.5,吸附时间5h,此时吸附效率可达98%,树脂的最高吸附量为2.03 mmol/g,且不同Phe担载量的树脂对Cu2 的吸附率都可大于90%,PS-Ace-Phe对Cu2 的吸附可达近1∶1,说明PS-Ace-Phe对Cu2 的吸附属络合作用.同时得到吸附树脂的稳定存在条件:Cu2 溶液浓度为10mmol/L,pH为2.0～8.0时,该树脂对Cu2 的吸附稳定性可达24h.     

巯基树脂对金属离子的吸附性能(Ⅱ)

研究了自合成的巯基树脂对重金属离子Ag 、Hg2 、Cr3 的吸附容量、吸附动力学、等温吸附过程等静态吸附性能,影响吸附的因素和吸附机理.结果表明,该树脂对上述3种离子吸附能力强,吸附量分别达6.56mmol/g、3.25mmol/g、2.10mmol/g.树脂对各重金属离子等温吸附在实验浓度范围内符合Langmuir或Freundlich方程.吸附机理研究表明,巯基与金属离子发生了离子交换和配位反应,化学吸附起支配作用;另外树脂对Ag 、Hg2 吸附过程中存在一定的氧化还原现象.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed stereoselective ring expansion of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed ring expansions of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds were investigated. Thiiranes generated 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines in the presence of copper sulfate and trans-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-thiiranes through an intramolecular S_N2 process. Oxiranes gave rise to 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines under the catalysis of copper hexafluoroacetylacetonate and cis-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-oxiranes via an intimate ion-pair mechanism. The current method provides a direct and simple strategy in efficient preparation of 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines and 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines, important agents in medicinal and agricultural chemistry, from readily available thiiranes and oxiranes, respectively.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.