各向异性材料动态裂纹扩展特性和动态应力强度因子

基于各向异性材料力学,研究了无限大各向异性材料中Ⅲ型裂纹的动态扩展问题．裂纹尖端的应力和位移被表示为解析函数的形式,解析函数可以表达为幂级数的形式,幂级数的系数由边界条件确定．确定了Ⅲ型裂纹的动态应力强度因子的表达式,得到了裂纹尖端的应力分量、应变分量和位移分量．裂纹扩展特性由裂纹扩展速度M和参数alpha反映,裂纹扩展越快,裂纹尖端的应力分量和位移分量越大;参数alpha对裂纹尖端的应力分量和位移分量有重要影响．     

预制螺旋切槽尖端应力场研究

在研究传统切槽爆破的基础上,提出用螺旋切槽爆破方法进行土石方的松动爆破．用断裂力学理论和Westergaard方法,确定了复变应力函数,推导出螺旋切槽在准静态压力作用下的裂纹尖端平面应力、应变场．定义了螺旋切槽孔松动爆破的应力强度因子表达式,能较好地反映螺旋切槽孔的断裂力学性能,是竖直V型切槽爆破、直线裂纹等现有理论的推广．     

弹粘塑性材料中Ⅲ型动态扩展裂纹尖端场的构造研究

采用弹牯塑性力学模型,对弹粘塑性材料中Ⅲ型动态扩展裂纹尖端场进行了渐近分析.在线性硬化条件下,裂纹尖端的应力和应变场具有相同的幂奇异性,奇异性指数由材料的粘性系数唯一确定.数值计算结果表明,运动参量裂纹扩展速度本身对裂尖场的分区构造影响很小.材料的硬化系数主导裂尖场的分区构造,但二次塑性区对裂尖场的影响较小.材料的粘性主导裂纹尖端应力和应变场的强度.同时对裂尖场的构造有一定影响.当裂纹扩展速度为0时,动态解退化为相应的准静态解;当硬化系数为0时,线性硬化解还原为相应的理想塑性解.     

平面应变和反平面应变复合型裂纹尖端的理想塑性应力场

在裂纹尖端的理想塑性应力分量都只是θ的函数的条件下.利用平衡方程.应力应变率关系、相容方程和屈服条件,本文导出了平面应变和反平面应变复合型裂纹尖端的理想塑性应力场的一般解析表达式.将这些一般解析表达式用于复合型裂纹.我们就可以得到Ⅰ-Ⅲ、Ⅱ-Ⅲ及Ⅰ-Ⅱ-Ⅲ复合型裂纹尖端的理想塑性应力场的解析表达式.     

单轴拉伸条件下细观非均匀性岩石损伤局部化和应力应变关系分析

岩石在拉应力状态下的力学特性不同于压应力状态下的力学特性．利用细观力学理论研究了细观非均匀性岩石拉伸应力应变关系包括:线弹性阶段、非线性强化阶段、应力降阶段、应变软化阶段.模型考虑了微裂纹方位角为Weibull分布和微裂纹长度的分布密度函数为Rayleigh函数时对损伤局部化和应力应变关系的影响,分析了产生应力降和应变软化的主要原因是损伤和变形局部化.通过和实验成果对比分析验证了模型的正确性和有效性．     

缓慢扩展裂纹尖端的各向异性塑性应力场

在裂纹尖端的理想塑性应力分量都只是θ的函数的条件下,利用平衡方程、Hill各向异性屈服条件及卸载应力应变关系,我们导出了缓慢定常扩展平面应变裂纹和反平面应变裂纹的尖端的各向异性塑性应力场的一般解析表达式.将这些一般解析表达式用于具体裂纹,我们就得到缓慢定常扩展Ⅰ型和Ⅲ型裂纹尖端的各向异性塑性应力场的解析表达式.对于各向同性塑性材料,缓慢扩展裂纹尖端的各向异性塑性应力场就变成理想塑性应力场.     

平面应变和反平面应变复合型裂纹尖端的各向异性塑性应力场

在裂纹尖端的理想塑性应力分量都只是θ的函数的条件下,利用平衡方程,各向异性塑性应力应变率关系、相容方程和Hill各向异性屈服条件,本文导出了平面应变和反平面应变复合型裂纹尖端的各向异性塑性应力场的一般解析表达式.将这些一般解析表达式用于复合型裂纹,我们就可以得到Ⅰ-Ⅲ、Ⅱ-Ⅲ及Ⅰ-Ⅱ-Ⅲ复合型裂纹尖端的各向异性塑性应力场的解析表达式.     

泊松比对静止平面应变裂纹尖端的理想塑性应力场的影响

在裂纹尖端的理想塑性应力分量都只是θ的函数的条件下,利用平衡方程和含有泊松比的Mises屈服条件,本文导出了静止平面应变裂纹尖端的理想塑性应力场的一般解析表达式.将这些一般解析表达式用于具体裂纹,我们就可以得到静止平面应变Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型及Ⅰ-Ⅱ复合型裂纹尖端的理想塑性应力场的解析表达式,这些表达式含有泊松比.     

含有直线状裂纹正交异性板的平面问题的应力函数

本文的解析对象为含有一与主轴呈任意角度直线状裂纹的无限大正交异性板的平面问题.采用加权积分法导出了能够表现裂纹尖端附近有限应力集中特征的应力函数.这样的计算模型消除了裂纹尖端的奇异性,可以比较真实地反映非金属材料微裂区的力学行为.     

满足断裂过程区裂纹张开位移条件应力函数的半解析解法

基于Duan-Nakagawa模型,采用加权积分法,提出了一种满足断裂过程区裂纹张开位移条件应力函数的半解析解法.该方法结合边界选点法,通过叠加含有相同裂纹长度但断裂过程区长度不同的解析函数,得到满足给定裂纹张开位移的权函数,再进行加权积分得到相应的应力函数和位移函数.以带板对称边裂纹I型问题为例,应用上述方法成功导出了特定的应力函数和位移函数,以及相应的拉应变软化曲线和断裂能.     

裂纹间作用机制探讨及微裂纹区对主裂纹的作用效应研究

采用迭加原理和Kachanov提出的简化方法,研究了裂纹间的相互作用机理,分析了不同裂纹布置形式所产生的增强或屏蔽效应,发现当微裂纹沿着或垂直于最大拉应力方向布置时都不产生最大的作用效应,这有别于Ortiz的结论．还探讨了混凝土类材料的微裂纹的产生机制及微裂纹区对主裂纹尖端产生的作用效应,得出微裂纹区对主裂纹是起增强的作用,增强程度随微裂纹密度和微裂纹长度的增大而增大的结论．     

线性硬化材料中稳恒扩展裂纹尖端场的粘塑性解

采用弹粘塑性力学模型,对线性硬化材料中平面应变扩展裂纹尖端场进行了渐近分析．假设人工粘性系数与等效塑性应变率的幂次成反比,通过量级匹配表明应力和应变均具有幂奇异性,奇异性指数由粘性系数中等效塑性应变率的幂指数唯一确定．通过数值计算讨论了Ⅱ型动态扩展裂纹尖端场的分区构造随各材料参数的变化规律．结果表明裂尖场构造由硬化系数所控制而与粘性系数基本无关．弱硬化材料的二次塑性区可以忽略,而较强硬化材料的二次塑性区和二次弹性区对裂尖场均有重要影响．当裂纹扩展速度趋于零时,动态解趋于相应的准静态解;当硬化系数为零时便退化为HR(Hui-Riedel)解．     

Influence of Multiple Micro Cracks on the Damage Behavior of a Macro-Crack Tip北大核心CSCD

The solution of an infinite plane containing a macro crack and a cluster of micro cracks under uniaxial tensile load was presented based on Muskhelishvili’s complex function method and the stepwise recursive method. The stress field and stress intensity factor K were obtained. Combined with the damage mechanics, damage parameter D of the macro-crack tip and the micro-crack tip under uniaxial tension was redefined, and the influence of different damage zone forms on the damage of the crack tip was analyzed. The results show that, both the chain-distribution and the reverse-chain-distribution micro cracks have an amplifying effect on the macro crack growth, and the damage parameter increases with the decrease of the inclination angle of the micro crack and the reduction of the distance between the macro crack and the micro cracks. For a relatively small inclination angle of the micro crack, the damage parameters of the macro crack and the micro crack heightens, and the damage parameter of the macro crack increases with the micro-crack length. For evenly distributed micro cracks in the continuous damage zone, the micro cracks have an amplifying effect on the macro-crack growth, and the damage parameter of the macro crack increases with the micro-crack number. © 2022 Editorial Office of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics. All rights reserved.     

理想塑性固体中逐步扩展裂纹的弹塑性场

本文从三维的塑性流动理论出发,导出了关于理想塑性固体平面应变问题的基本方程。利用这些方程,分析了不可压缩理想塑性固体的逐步扩展裂纹顶端的弹塑性场。得到了关于应力和速度的一阶渐近场。分析了弹性卸载区的演变过程和中心扇形区的发展过程。预示了出现二次塑性区的可能性。最后给出了关于应力场二阶渐近分析。     

双I—型裂纹断裂动力学问题的非局部理论解

研究了非局部理论双中I－型裂纹弹性波散射的力学问题,并利用富里叶变换使本问题的求解转换为三重积分方程的求解,进而采用新方法和利用一维非局部积分核代替二维非局部积分核来确定裂纹尖端的应力状态,这种方法就是Schmidt方法,所得结是比艾林根研究断裂静力学问题的结果准确和更加合理,克服了艾林根研究断裂静力学问题时遇到的数学困难,与经典弹性解相比,裂纹尖端不再出现物理意义下不合理的应力奇异性,并能够解释宏观裂纹与微观裂纹的力学问题。     

圆形杂质对裂纹扩展的影响

在单轴拉伸载荷作用下，运用分布位错方法对无限大平面内含有一个裂纹和一个任意方向的杂质问题进行求解，得到了裂纹尖端的应力强度因子、应力场以及应变能密度.利用最小应变能密度因子准则来判断裂纹扩展方向.结果显示:软杂质对裂纹尖端应力强度因子、应变能密度和应力场有增强作用，而硬杂质则具有屏蔽作用.在 -30°<θ<30°范围内，杂质对裂纹扩展方向的影响较小，而在 -90°<θ<-30°或30°<θ<90°范围内，杂质对裂纹扩展方向的影响较大.软杂质对裂纹扩展有吸引作用，而硬杂质具有排斥作用.     

裂纹尖端场弹塑性分析的加权残数法及塑性应力强度因子的计算

本文以幂强化材料,平面应变情形为例,系统地提出了裂纹尖端场弹塑性分析的加权残数法,并根据此法,得出了裂纹尖端场的解析式弹塑性近似解.在此基础上.对整个裂纹区域,构造了弹塑性解叠加非线性有限元计算塑性应力强度因子的方法,从而为裂纹尖端场和整个裂纹体的分析和计算,提供了一个方法.     

Non-local theory solution of two collinear mode-I cracks in piezoelectric materials

In this paper, the basic solution of two collinear cracks in a piezoelectric material plane subjected to a uniform tension loading is investigated by means of the non-local theory. Through the Fourier transform, the problem is solved with the help of two pairs of integral equations, in which the unknown variables are the jumps of displacements across the crack surfaces. To solve the integral equations, the jumps of displacements across the crack surfaces are directly expanded in a series of Jacobi polynomials. Numerical examples are provided to show the effects of the interaction of two cracks, the materials constants and the lattice parameter on the stress field and the electric displacement field near crack tips. Unlike the classical elasticity solution, it is found that no stress and electric displacement singularities are present at crack tips. The non-local elastic solutions yield a finite hoop stress at the crack tip, thus allowing us to using the maximum stress as a fracture criterion in piezoelectric materials.     

Out-of-plane displacement measurement near the crack tip during a crack propagation: Validation of a 3D formulation for a specimen in PMMA loaded in mode I.

The fundamental aim of this study is the determination zone of the 3D effects and the transient one at the vicinity of the crack tip during a crack propagation in brittle materials ( PMMA ) using an optical method (Michelson interferometer). With the obtained interferograms, we can extract the phase (thus the relief) by using a new numerical approach based on the principle of images correlation between real fringes and virtual fringes. Different dynamic tests are realized by a plate loaded in mode I under a constant loading. We compare the obtained data with the two-dimensional theory of Westergaard (plane stress hypothesis) [1]. With the divergence is established, we propose a new 3D formulation, based on a formulation employed for static crack, which takes into account 3D and transient effects. For the static cracks, the 3D effects relate to a presence of the state of three-dimensional stresses. However in dynamics, the transient effects appear and are related to the crack propagation velocity. The 3D effects and transient effects lead to results equivalent to experimental ones in terms of displacement but are completely different to results given by the two-dimensional theory near the crack tip. It is possible to quantify the zone when the plane stress hypothesis is not valid according to the crack propagation speed V. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

A coupled stress and energy failure model for crack initiation in arbitrarily shaped adhesive lap joints

In this work, crack initiation in adhesive lap joints of arbitrary joint configuration is studied by means of a finite fracture mechanics approach. The analysis is based on a general stress solution for adhesive joints combined with a coupled stress and energy criterion. The instantaneous formation of a crack of finite size is predicted if a stress and energy criterion are satisfied simultaneously. The closed-form analytical solution of the stress field allows for an efficient evaluation of the crack initiation load and corresponding finite crack length. A comparison to experimental results from literature and to numerical results obtained with a cohesive zone model approach shows a good agreement. (© 2016 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)