苦水玫瑰精油化学成份研究

本文研究了甘肃省苦水玫瑰精油的化学成份。并测定其物理化学性能,用毛细血管气相色谱和GC/MS联用法从苦水玫瑰精油中鉴定出48个组份,β-香茅醇和香叶醇的含量高达68%。用MS、IR和NMR等波谱法对这两个组份进行了解析确证。其理化特性与世界闻名的保加利亚玫瑰油十分接近。     

胶束电动毛细管色谱法分析玫瑰纯露中的苯乙醇

玫瑰纯露是玫瑰提取精油后的重要副产物,是玫瑰精油的饱和水溶液,不仅含有植物水溶活性成分,同时也保留了精油的芳香成分,含有矿物养分,具有抗衰老、清除自由基,抗过敏、抗菌、消炎、防紫外线损伤等功效,是继玫瑰精油之后护肤领域重要的优势产品之一,但目前尚无关于其质量控制的标准,市售产品质量参差不齐。为此,该研究发展了一种胶束电动毛细管色谱法用于快速检测玫瑰纯露中的指标成分苯乙醇。在实验过程中分析物的定性通过标准物质加标及紫外吸收可见光谱图比对确认。实验对缓冲溶液中硼砂浓度、十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）浓度、分离电压、进样条件、检测条件等影响检测的关键因素进行了考察。在优化条件（分离缓冲溶液10 mmol/L Na₂ B₂ O₇ +15 mmol/L SDS,分离电压+20 kV,检测波长208 nm,进样5 kPa,5 s）下,玫瑰纯露样品在7 min内可以完成检测。本方法对苯乙醇检测的线性范围为0.50~1000 mg/L,线性相关系数（r ² ）为0.9990,检出限（LOD,S/N =3）为0.091 mg/L,定量限（LOQ,S/N =10）为0.35 mg/L,实际样品加标回收率为98.1%~102.7%（加标水平10、100、500 g/L）,相对标准偏差（RSD）≤2.8%。结果表明,该方法为玫瑰纯露及其制品的质量控制提供了一种简便、快速、灵敏、稳定的分析方法。     

pH对玫瑰红色素紫外和荧光光谱的影响

玫瑰是蔷薇科蔷薇属落叶丛生灌木,品种繁多,其花色、香、形具美,有极高的观赏和经济价值,我国玫瑰资源丰富,古代人们就将玫瑰用于染色、食品和药用等领域,现在玫瑰主要用于商品花卉和提取玫瑰精油.     

苦水玫瑰精油化学成分研究

本文研究了甘肃省苦水玫瑰精油的化学成份,并测定其物理化学性能;用毛细管气相色谱的GC/MS联用法从苦水玫瑰精油中鉴定出40个组份,β-香茅醇和香叶醇的含量高达68%。用MS、IR和NMR等波谱法对这两个组份进行了了解析确证。其理化特性与世界闻名的保加利亚玫瑰油十分接近。     

佛手柑精油化学成分的分析

1　引　　言佛手柑 (ＣｉｔｒｕｓｍｅｄｉｃａＬ .Ｖａｒ.ＳａｒｃｏｄａｃｔｙｌｉｓＳｗｉｎｇｌｅ)是芸香科植物佛手的果实 ,由于柑果的顶端张开如指 ,故得其名。在我国的浙江、广东、福建、四川等地均有栽培。近年的研究表明 ,不少具有药用价值的呈香植物 ,其药理活性是来自于植物中的精油成分 ,如薄荷具有局部血管扩张作用就是由于薄荷精油中所含有的薄荷酮这一化学成分。因此 ,研究佛手柑精油的化学成分 ,不仅能促进天然香料的开发 ,还可为研究其药用机理提供帮助。本研究用减压水蒸气蒸馏法提取了佛手柑精油 ,并用硅胶柱将精油成分…     

兰州玫瑰头香和精油化学成分的研究

〕本文对兰州玫瑰头香和精油的化学成分进行了研究。从头香分离出43个组分,鉴定了26个主要成分,占总色谱峰面积的99.61％;从精油分离出52个组分,鉴定了35个主要成分,占总色谱峰面积的96.16％。对头香和精油的化学成分进行了比较。并与苦水玫瑰的主要挥发性成分进行了比较。对预柱吸附法捕集鲜花头香的条件进行了讨论。     

二维气相色谱/质谱分离分析中国苦水玫瑰精油中的复杂天然产物

运用二维气相色谱/质谱联用技术对天然植物萃取精油-中国苦水玫瑰精油中难分离的复杂成分进行了分离分析,同时对色谱共流出组分的切割方式和切割时间进行了研究探讨。玫瑰精油组分首先在预毛细管柱J＆W Scientific DB-1701（60m×250μm×0.5μm）上得到初步分离,通过FID信号确定了目标组分的切割时间段（...     

薯莨鞣质成分及生物活性的研究进展

研究表明,薯莨含有大量的生物活性成分,其中鞣质是最重要有效成分之一。结合近10年来有关薯莨鞣质最新研究成果,阐述了薯莨鞣质化学成分提取工艺、种类、药用及生物活性的研究进展。     

广西产马尾松与湿地松针叶精油化学成分的比较

用水蒸气蒸馏法从广西产马尾松和湿地松的针叶中提取精油,探索了松针投料量和提取时间对产油率的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件为：松针投料量700 g,提取时间5 h。在此最佳条件下马尾松和湿地松针叶的产油率分别为0.45%和0.19%。用气相色谱（GC）和气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）等方法分别对两树种的针叶精油进行了定量和定性分析,从马尾松针叶精油中分离出64种化学成分,鉴定了其中的20种成分,占挥发油总量的98.59%;从湿地松针叶精油中分离出73种化学成分,鉴定了其中的29种成分,占挥发油总量的94.23%。两树种针叶精油的主要化学成分大致相同,但在含量上有较大差别。马尾松针叶精油中α-蒎烯的含量约为湿地松的2.6倍,但其β-蒎烯含量低于后者。单萜和倍半萜是构成马尾松和湿地松针叶精油的主要成分。     

引种欧洲香型玫瑰精油化学成分研究

用毛细管气相色谱／质谱联用技术和气相色谱Ｋｏｖａｔｓ指数双重定性方法，从保加利亚，法国，土耳其和摩洛哥四国引种的欧洲香型玫瑰的精油中分别鉴定出９４个化合物，其主要赋香成分与原生产国家的十分接近。这一研究结果为首次报道并在中国扩大种欧洲香型玫瑰提供了科学依据。     

中国苦水玫瑰油香气成分的研究

 选择OV1701交联毛细管柱作为中国苦水玫瑰油的分离柱,并采用现代气相/质谱(GC/MS)、气相/红外光谱(GC/IR)技术手段,结合标准品对照,对玫瑰油中分离出的130余种化合物进行鉴别,初步鉴定出了101种化合物。研究表明,不同品种的玫瑰油形成各自不同的香味,这与栽培品种和土壤、温度、降雨量等综合栽培环境差异有关。中国苦水玫瑰油以其特有的浓郁玫瑰香气,应成为世界玫瑰油中一个重要品种。     

Clove Essential Oil (Syzygium aromaticum L. Myrtaceae): Extraction,Chemical Composition,Food Applications,and Essential Bioactivity for Human Health

Clove (Syzygium aromaticum L. Myrtaceae) is an aromatic plant widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical countries, rich in volatile compounds and antioxidants such as eugenol, β-caryophyllene, and α-humulene. Clove essential oil has received considerable interest due to its wide application in the perfume, cosmetic, health, medical, flavoring, and food industries. Clove essential oil has biological activity relevant to human health, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, and insecticidal activity. The impacts of the extraction method (hydrodistillation, steam distillation, ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, cold pressing, and supercritical fluid extraction) on the concentration of the main volatile compounds in clove essential oil and organic clove extracts are shown. Eugenol is the major compound, accounting for at least 50%. The remaining 10–40% consists of eugenyl acetate, β-caryophyllene, and α-humulene. The main biological activities reported are summarized. Furthermore, the main applications in clove essential oil in the food industry are presented. This review presents new biological applications beneficial for human health, such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anesthetic, antinociceptive, and anticancer activity. This review aims to describe the effects of different methods of extracting clove essential oil on its chemical composition and food applications and the biological activities of interest to human health.     

Prickly Pear Seed Oil Extraction,Chemical Characterization and Potential Health Benefits

Prickly pear (Opuntia ficus-indica L.) is a member of the Cactaceae family originally grown in South America, and the plant is now distributed to many parts of the world, including the Middle East. The chemical composition and biological activities of different parts of prickly pear, including cladodes, flowers, fruit, seeds and seed oil, were previously investigated. Oil from the seeds has been known for its nutritive value and can be potentially used for health promotion. This review is an effort to cover what is actually known to date about the prickly pear seeds oil extraction, characteristics, chemical composition and potential health benefits to provide inspiration for the need of further investigation and future research. Prickly pear seeds oil has been extracted using different extraction techniques from conventional to advanced. Chemical characterization of the oil has been sufficiently studied, and it is sufficiently understood that the oil is a high linoleic oil. Its composition is influenced by the variety and environment and also by the method of extraction. The health benefits of the prickly pear seed oil were reported by many researchers. For future research, additional studies are warranted on mechanisms of action of the reported biological activities to develop nutraceutical products for the prevention of various chronic human diseases.     

Comparison of Constituents and Insecticidal Activities of Essential Oil from Artemisia lavandulaefolia by Steam Distillation and Supercritical-CO2 Fluid Extraction

Essential oil was extracted from Artemisia lavandulaefolia DC.by steam distillation(SD) and supercritical-CO2 fluid extraction(SFE),respectively.The constituents of the essentil oils extracted with those two methods were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) and insecticidal activities of the essential oils were evaluated,then the results were compared to assess their biological activity.Thirty-one compounds were identified in the essential oil extracted by SD,and its main components were eucalyptol,α,α,4-trimethyl-3-cyclohexene-1-methanol and so on.Twenty-two compounds were identified for the essential oil extracted by SFE,and its main components were cyclodecene,n-hexadecanoic acid and so on.Six chemical compositions were all contained in the essential oils extracted by the two methods,i.e.,eucalyptol,α,α,4-trimethyl-3-cyclohexene-1-methanol,caryophyllene,[3aS-(3aα,3bβ,4β,7α,7aS)]-octahydro-7-methyl-3-methylene-4-(1-methylethyl)-1H-cyclopenta[1,3]cyclopropa-[1,2]benzene,nerolidol and(-)-Spathulenol.The fumigation toxicity of the essential oil obtained by means of SD to the adults of Sitophilus zeamais is significantly higher than that of the essential oil by means of SFE.The contact toxicity of the essential oil obtained by means of SFE to the adults of S.zeamais is higher than that of the essential oil obtained by means of SD,but the difference is not significant.     

Chemical composition and bioactivity of Citrus medica L. cv. Diamante essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation, cold-pressing and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction

The chemical composition of the essential oil of Citrus medica L. cv. Diamante peel obtained by hydrodistillation, cold-pressing and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction techniques was determined by GC/MS analysis. Forty-six components were fully characterised. Limonene and γ-terpinene were the major components of the oils obtained by hydrodistillation (HD) and cold-pressing (CP), while citropten was the major constituent in the oil obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (SFE). Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activities were evaluated. The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation exerted the highest inhibitory activity against BChE (IC?? value of 154.6 μg mL?1) and AChE (IC?? value of 171.3 μg mL?1. Interestingly, the oil obtained by cold-pressing exhibited a selective inhibitory activity against AChE. The essential oils have also been evaluated for the inhibition of NO production in LPS induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. The oil obtained by hydrodistillation exerted a significant inhibition of NO production with an IC?? value of 17 μg mL?1 (IC?? of positive control 53 μg mL?1).     

Volatile constituents of essential oil and rose water of damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) cultivars from North Indian hills

Rosa damascena Mill. is an important aromatic plant for commercial production of rose oil, water, concrete and absolute. The rose water and rose oil produced under the mountainous conditions of Uttarakhand were investigated for their chemical composition. The major components of rose water volatiles obtained from the bud, half bloom and full bloom stages of cultivar 'Ranisahiba' were phenyl ethyl alcohol (66.2-79.0%), geraniol (3.3-6.6%) and citronellol (1.8-5.5%). The rose water volatiles of cultivar 'Noorjahan' and 'Kannouj' also possessed phenyl ethyl alcohol (80.7% and 76.7%, respectively) as a major component at full bloom stage. The essential oil of cultivar 'Noorjahan' obtained from two different growing sites was also compared. The major components of these oils were citronellol (15.9-35.3%), geraniol (8.3-30.2%), nerol (4.0-9.6%), nonadecane (4.5-16.0%), heneicosane (2.6-7.9%) and linalool (0.7-2.8%). This study clearly showed that the flower ontogeny and growing site affect the composition of rose volatiles. The rose oil produced in this region was comparable with ISO standards. Thus, it was concluded that the climatic conditions of Uttarakhand are suitable for the production of rose oil of international standards.     

苦碟子挥发油化学成分的分析

对我国东北地产苦碟子中挥发油成分进行系统分析,确定挥发油的化学成分,为阐述其生物活性提供依据.采用水蒸汽蒸馏法提取挥发油,气相色谱--质谱联用仪进行分析.结果鉴定出37种化合物.在这些化合物中,脂肪烷烃类占53.21%,酮、醛类占39.05%,烯、烯醇、烯酸类占4.94%,酯类占1.57%.其挥发油的主要成分是6,10,14-三甲基-2-十五烷酮,含量为33.98%.     

Development of a method for analysis of Iranian damask rose oil: combination of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with Chemometric techniques

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) combined with Chemometric resolution techniques were proposed as a method for the analysis of volatile components of Iranian damask rose oil. The essential oil of damask rose was extracted using hydrodistillation method and analyzed with GC-MS in optimized conditions. A total of 70 components were identified using similarity searches between mass spectra and MS database. This number was extended to 95 components with concentrations higher than 0.01% accounting for 94.75% of the total relative content using Chemometric techniques. For the first time in this work, an approach based upon subspace comparison is used for determination of the chemical rank of GC-MS data. The peak clusters were resolved using heuristic evolving latent projection (HELP) and multivariate curve resolution-alternating least square (MCR-ALS) by applying proper constraints, and the combination of both methods for some cases. It is concluded that a thorough analysis of the complex mixtures such as Iranian damask rose requires sophisticated GC-MS coupled with the Chemometric techniques.     

Essential oil composition of three accessions of Dracocephalum heterophyllum Benth. cultivated at Palampur, India

Seeds of three accessions of Dracocephalum heterophyllum growing wild in high altitude locations in the cold desert regions of trans-Himalaya were collected and propagated under polyhouse conditions at IHBT Palampur to evaluate, compare their growth performance and essential oil composition. Three different chemotypes viz., citronellol-rose oxides type, citronellol type and citronellal-trans rose oxide type were identified. Samples of essential oils were distilled separately from leaves and inflorescence of all the three cultivated accessions and characterised by capillary GC and GC-MS techniques, which showed variation in the volatile constituents. In all the three accessions, citronellol was higher in the inflorescence oils as compared to leaf oils. Rose oxides, which are important high odour value cyclic monoterpene ethers were found in the essential oil samples of leaves as well as in the inflorescence of accession II, whereas these constituents were absent in the leaves of other two accessions. The essential oil from the inflorescence part of accession I was devoid of both cis and trans isomers of rose oxide, while accession III contained only one isomer of trans rose oxide. Under polyhouse conditions, seed germination was higher in accession III, whereas aerial biomass was higher in accession I. In comparison to other accessions, yield of volatile oil was higher in both leaf and inflorescence of accessions I, whereas accession II had higher oil yield from inflorescence. This is the first report of volatile oil composition of three accessions of D. heterophyllum cultivated at Palampur having potential as a new source of high valued essential oil for introduction in the perfumery industry.