W波段回旋行波管输入输出段的改进设计

在回旋行波放大器的设计中,输入输出段的性能直接影响到整管输出功率、效率及增益。设计了一种采用渐变过渡段的输入耦合器来减少电子注在前端的截获,而且略微地提高了耦合特性,有效带宽达到4.06 GHz。采用二级切比雪夫渐变波导作为输出结构的耦合输出段,从仿真结果得到,在整个工作频段内,该结构中TE01工作模式的反射低于-20 dB,TE01模向杂模TE02和TE03的耦合分别在-20 dB和-30 dB以下。     

一种T形高功率微波功率合成器

提出了一种新型功率合成器,其工作原理为:通过在两个相互垂直的过模矩形波导中放置两组相互垂直的金属插板,对具有不同极化方向的矩形波导TE10模进行隔离传输,实现高功率微波的双路通道功率合成。基于这一原理初步设计了一个中心频率为9.55 GHz的功率合成器,并进行了数值模拟。模拟结果表明:这种功率合成器可以承受高功率,单通道工作时的功率容量分别大于7.31 GW和6.83 GW,中心频率上两个通道的单模功率传输效率分别达到了98%和99%,反射损耗分别小于-36 dB和-21 dB,通道之间的耦合损耗分别小于-30 dB和-45 dB。     

圆波导TM_(01)-矩形波导TE_(10)模式转换器

设计了一种高功率圆波导TM01-矩形波导TE10模式转换器,可以实现圆波导TM01模式与矩形波导TE10模式之间的相互转换。仿真结果表明:中心频率为9.7GHz时该模式转换器转换效率大于99.99%,回波损耗小于-40dB,转换效率大于90%时的带宽大于0.4GHz。调节底面短路圆波导长度可以实现模式转换器在9.2~10.1GHz范围内调谐(模式转换效率大于99%)。在圆波导和耦合段连接处引入倒角可有效降低场强,提高功率容量,注入功率0.7GW,其表面场强小于1 MV/cm。     

宽带非均匀半径渐变TE0n-TE0(n+1)模式转换器的设计研究

基于耦合波理论,对两类半径渐变圆波导TE0n-TE0(n 1)模式转换器进行理论分析、数值计算和仿真模拟.均匀半径渐变波导高功率模式转换器,采用中心频率为17.14 GHz、六周期TE02-TE03模式和中心频率为34.30 GHz、六周期TE01-TE02模式两种设计参数.非均匀半径渐变波导高功率模式转换器,采用中心频率为34.30 GHz、六周期TE01-TE02模式为设计参数.研究的重点在于保证足够转换带宽的情况下,力求最大化模式转换效率和模式纯度.通过理论分析和模拟,这种新型的非均匀半径渐变波导模式转换器在转换效率和带宽方面都明显优于传统的模式转换器,峰值转换效率达99.5%,转换带宽超过1.5 GHz.     

HL-2A装置低杂波天线TE10模过渡段设计

介绍了将 3-dB 功率分配器、模式转化器、耦合器、水负载等常规波导器件发展为单元模块集成部件的基于 PAM 概念的新一代低杂波天线,利用耦合模理论分析设计了TE10 模过渡段的结构参数,使用高频电磁场仿真软件 HFSS 进行结构仿真和参数优化,得到了过渡段长度为 370mm,驻波比为 1.0012、反射损耗为-65....     

双芯太赫兹光纤定向耦合器

提出了一种双芯太赫兹光纤定向耦合器,两介质圆柱分别悬挂于两环形介质层的内部,形成光纤的两个纤芯,通过调节结构参数可使两偏振模耦合长度相等,从而实现了耦合长度与偏振无关的特性。耦合器件长度可为光纤模式耦合长度的1/2,器件长度较短,这降低了模式传输损耗。采用有限元法对耦合器进行了数值分析研究,结果表明:耦合器的长度为0.535 cm,x和y偏振模的传输损耗分别为0.23 dB和0.19 dB;在保证两偏振模的耦合长度差小于1%的前提下,其带宽可达到220 GHz。     

Ka波段回旋行波管高效率输入耦合器设计

为了实现Ka波段回旋行波管高纯度TE01模式输入，通过在输出口添加滤波结构，对二级功分TE01输入耦合器进行改进，改进后杂散模式传输效率由平均7%下降至2%。该结构主体为一个级联的两级Y型功分网络，能高效地实现矩形波导TE10模式到圆波导TE01模式的转换。在基于传输线理论对功分网络的传输性能理论分析的基础上，借助三维电磁仿真软件进行多次优化迭代，最终得到了一个在31 GHz附近模式转换效率大于99%的宽带TE01输入耦合器,该输入耦合器具有5 GHz的-0.1 dB插入损耗带宽，同时有效频带内的平均模式转换效率高达98.6%，模式纯度在99%以上并且回波损耗小于-15 dB。采用矢量网络分析仪对该器件进行了背靠背冷测实验，结果表明，其带内衰减约为0.5 dB，与仿真计算结果偏差较小，符合工程实际需求。     

高功率过模圆波导到两路矩形波导功分器

基于模式匹配法分析了高功率过模圆波导到两路矩形波导功分器在传输过程中高阶模式的传输和反射问题,分析得到了高传输效率对过模圆波导的要求,并以此仿真设计了中心频率为2.88GHz的功分器,设计结果表明:在中心频率下反射系数为0.05,对应的圆波导TM01模到矩形波导TE10模传输效率大于99%,真空中功率容量为2.83GW;在2.82~2.94GHz的频带范围内反射系数小于0.1,对应的传输效率大于98%。     

95 GHz TE03模回旋管内置渐变波导设计

在耦合波理论的基础上,结合波导渐变曲线给出了普适高阶渐变波导设计方法,研究了95 GHz回旋管内置 TE03模式改进Dolph-Chebychev渐变波导。采用编制的数值计算程序进行优化,得到了可靠的最优几何参量,设计出了紧凑的95 GHz渐变波导。经全电磁场仿真验证,该内置渐变输出结构对杂模的抑制达30 dB,满足设计要求。回旋管的热测实验中测出的模式样图表明,所设计的内置渐变波导有效地实现了回旋管内径变化。该方法可以高效地指导高阶过模圆波导渐变结构的设计。     

高功率微波弯曲矩形波导设计

 利用模式耦合理论,在理论推导出弯曲矩形波导TE01模和高阶模之间耦合系数显式表达的基础上,对弯曲矩形波导进行了实例研究。HFSS软件数值仿真结果表明：设计的矩形波导TE01-TE02模式转换器在9.5 GHz转换效率达到99.9%,转换效率大于90%的工作带宽为8.60～10.48 GHz;设计的弯曲矩形波导传输线,可有效传输TE01模,不激励起高阶模式。HFSS数值仿真结果验证了所设计的传输线工作带宽和功率容量均能够满足使用要求。     

Mode selective directional couplers for overmoded waveguide systems

Two types of directional couplers for transverse electric (TE) modes are described: short and multihole couplers, respectively. They selectively pick one mode out of a mode mixture in an overmoded circular waveguide system. Unwanted modes are either statistically kept at low level or are suppressed by destructive interference in the coupling waveguide. Mode selectivity and directivity in multihole couplers oscillate up and down with an increasing number of holes, finally reaching a minimum of approximately 20 dB, unless there are competing modes with rational fractions of the beat wavelength. A multihole coupler for the TE₀₂ mode (28 GHz, 63.4 mm waveguide diameter, 41 holes) and a length of 1.6 m shows a calculated directivity of 68 dB and suppresses the unwanted modes TE₀₁ with 34 dB (24 dB), TE₂₂ with 37 dB (45 dB), and further modes TE_m (<5, m<6) with 17 dB to 34 dB in forward direction (figures in parentheses are for unwanted modes propagating in backward direction).A short directional coupler for the TE₀₁ mode (28 GHz, 63.4 mm waveguide diameter) with 16 holes and a length of 230 mm shows a directivity of 55 to 100 dB between 27.9 and 28.1 GHz, suppressing the TE₀₂ mode with 35 to 80 dB, the TE₀₃ mode with 30 to 65 dB, and the TE₂₂ mode with 30 to 70 dB.     

宽带非均匀半径渐变TE0n-TE0(n+1)模式转换器的设计研究

基于耦合波理论,对两类半径渐变圆波导TE_0n-TE_0(n+1)模式转换器进行理论分析、数值计算和仿真模拟.均匀半径渐变波导高功率模式转换器,采用中心频率为17.14GHz、六周期TE₀₂-TE₀₃模式和中心频率为34.30GHz、六周期TE₀₁-TE₀₂模式两种设计参数.非均匀半径渐变波导高功率模式转换器,采用中心频率为34.30GHz、六周期TE 关键词： 模式转换器 耦合波理论 非均匀半径渐变 转换带宽     

A Mode Converter with Multi-waveguide Output from the TE01 Circular Waveguide Mode to the TE10 Rectangular Mode for Millimeter Wave Gyro-device Applications

A mode converter with multi-waveguide output for millimeter wave gyro-device applications is proposed in this article, which is used to convert the TE₀₁ circular waveguide mode into the TE₁₀ rectangular waveguide mode. Computer simulations with Ansoft HFSS code show that the energy transmission coefficient of larger than 95.96% may be reached in the frequency range from 34.094 GHz to 35.8 GHz (a bandwidth of 1.706 GHz) at a VSWR of lower than 1.5 for the input operating mode.     

A Quasi-Optical System for Converting TE0n Mode Outputs of a Gyrotron into Gaussian Beams

In this paper we present a novel design of a quasi-optical system for conversion of gyrotron outputs into Gaussian-like beams. It consists of a quasi-optical antenna, two focusing mirrors and a filter which removes the side lobes of the beam. The system is appropriate as a transmission line for frequency tunable gyrotrons operating at TE_0n mode. As an illustration of our approach, we present results which demonstrate the applicability of the developed system for conversion of the radiation generated by the Gyrotron FU IVA. The examples include conversion of three TE_0n modes (TE₀₂, 223 GHz; TE₀₃, 323 GHz; TE₀₄, 423 GHz) into Gaussian- like beams.     

X波段高功率微波选模定向耦合器

高功率、长脉冲是高功率微波技术发展的趋势,提高微波器件的功率容量成为一项重要的任务,使用过模器件可以有效提高微波源的功率容量,然而却会带来微波源中同时存在多种模式的问题。为了识别一个X波段长脉冲过模高功率微波源的输出主模TM01模式,设计了一种在线选模定向耦合器,进行了理论分析和模拟优化设计。当频率范围为9.2~9.6 GHz时,模拟结果显示该选模耦合器对TM01模的耦合度为-54 dB,在400 MHz带宽内定向性大于35 dB,对TM02模的抑制度大于15 dB,功率容量可达到3 GW以上。     

Ku波段28单元径向线阵列天线馈电系统设计北大核心CSCD

研究了一种Ku波段多单元矩形径向线子阵馈电系统.为了满足特定耦合量的要求,提出了一种层叠式的新型耦合探针,并以此为基础,对中心频率为12.5GHz的28单元矩形栅格径向线子阵馈电系统进行了设计与分析.模拟仿真结果表明：该口径为61.6mm×125.2mm 的馈电系统在12.5GHz中心频率处反射系数为0.015,耦合不平衡度为1.05dB;同时在12.2-12.7GHz的频带范围内,反射系数小于0.1,耦合不平衡度最大值为2.62dB,基本满足了28路等幅馈电输出的要求.     

紧凑型菱形缝隙V波段过模圆波导选模耦合器

设计了一种用于测量V波段过模高功率毫米波源在线功率的选模耦合器。利用小孔耦合理论和微元法对菱形耦合缝隙进行了理论分析，采用两组相同的菱形耦合缝隙实现选模功能，缩短了耦合器长度，增加了工作带宽。采用数值模拟的方法对耦合器结构进行优化设计，模拟结果表明:在60 GHz频点处，TM01模耦合度约为50 dB，TM02模耦合度仅为75 dB，对TM02模的抑制度为25 dB；在500 MHz带宽内对TM02模的抑制度大于15 dB，1 GHz带宽内的抑制度大于10 dB，可满足工作于TM01模的V波段高功率毫米波测试需求。同时针对工作于高次模TM0n（n=2,3,4,）的器件设计了可抑制TM01模的耦合器，为高次模工作的高功率毫米波器件的在线功率测量和模式诊断提供了技术方案。     

Development of 394.6 GHz CW Gyrotron (Gyrotron FU CW II) for DNP/Proton-NMR at 600 MHz

Gyrotron FU CW II with an 8 T liquid He free superconducting magnet, the second gyrotron of the THz Gyrotron FU CW Series, has been constructed and the operation test was successfully carried out. It will be used for enhancing the sensitivity of 600 MHz proton-NMR by use of Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP). The designed operation mode of the gyrotron is TE_2,6 at the second harmonic. The corresponding frequency is 394.6 GHz. The real operation frequency is 394.3 GHz at TE₀₆ mode, because of fabrication error of the diameter of the cavity. The operation is in complete CW at the output power of around 30 W or higher at the TE₀₆ cavity mode. There are many other operation modes at the fundamental and the second harmonic. Typical output power of the fundamental and the second harmonic are higher than 100 W and 20 W, respectively. The highest frequency observed up to the present is 443.5 GHz at the second harmonic operation of TE_6,5 mode. The measured results are compared with the theoretical consideration.     

A Single-Ridged Coaxial Hybrid TE011 Coupler with High Mode Purity

We design a single-ridged coaxial hybrid coupler which excites a TE₀₁₁ mode of high mode content in a cylindrical cavity, resonating at 28.2GHz. The coupler consists of a WR-28 rectangular waveguide, a coaxial TE_n11 cavity, and a cylindrical TE₀₁₁ cavity. Both TE₃₁₁ coaxial cavity and TE₄₁₁ single-ridged coaxial cavity are analyzed to examine the TE₀₁₁ mode purity in the central cavity. Mode purity analysis is performed by a field expansion method using Fourier-Bessel orthonormal basis functions. Numerical calculations predict that the TE₄₁₁ single-ridged coaxial cavity excites the TE₀₁₁ mode with mode purity of 98.6%, which is improved by 3% higher compared with the TE₃₁₁ coaxial cavity. Measurements on the single-ridged coaxial coupler show a resonant frequency at 28.078GHz and ohmic and external Qs of 1560, 473 respectively, which are in good agreement with the simulated results of a 3-D finite element electromagnetic code.     

X波段过模弯曲圆波导TM01-HE11模式变换器研究

在波束波导和反射面天线的馈源应用中, 为了产生低副瓣且方向图等化的高斯波束, 需要将高功率微波转换为准高斯模HE₁₁模辐射. 本文利用弯曲圆波导可同时从TM₀₁模产生TE₁₁模和TM₁₁模的原理, 提出了采用双弯曲过模圆波导结构直接将TM₀₁转换为HE₁₁的模式变换器, 避免了常规微波领域中首先将TM₀₁转换为TE₁₁再用波纹式或半径渐变式TE₁₁-HE₁₁转换器转换为准高斯波束功率容量不足或尺寸过长的不足. 基于模式耦合理论和Taguchi优化算法对模式变换器的弯曲半径、相移直端长度及引入位置进行了优化, 使输出的TE₁₁和TM₁₁成一定比率, 以组成HE₁₁模式, 并对设计的模式变换器进行了全电磁波仿真分析, 结果表明输出波束的标量高斯含量在9.05–9.8 GHz范围内均高于99%, 理论功率容量可达4.5 GW. 关键词： 高功率微波 模式耦合理论 Taguchi优化算法 模式变换器