Auto-correlation Properties of Scattering Light in Ultrasound-modulated Random Media

In this paper, the auto-correlation properties of scattering light in random media modulated by ultrasound were studied. The expression of temporal auto-correlation function of scattering light amplitude in the ultrasound-modulated media was presented. The results show that the auto-correlation function is modulated as the ultrasound is introduced into the media and the modulation amplitude decays with correlation time. The influences of ultrasound amplitude, Brownian diffusion coefficient, scattering and absorption coefficients on auto-correlation function were discussed. The auto-correlation imaging of an object hidden in random media was also studied by the use of Monte Carlo simulations.     

超声调制漫射光子自相关的Monte Carlo模拟

本文首次用Monte Carlo方法研究了超声调制生物介质中漫射光子的时间自相关性质,讨论了超声参量、运动参量和散射参量对自相关函数的影响.正常生物组织和病变生物组织的自相关函数有明显的差别,超声调制自相关函数为光学医学诊断提供一种新参考.     

超声调制介质中漫散射光自相关性质研究

研究了超声调制随机介质中漫散射光自相关性质,推导出均匀无限介质中有超声场调制时漫散射光时间自相关函数的表达式,讨论了调制参数、调制幅度及其衰减与超声参数、光散射参数等的关系.用Monte Carlo方法研究了随机介质中隐含异物成像的可行性.结果表明,正常生物组织和病变生物组织的超声调制自相关函数有明显的差别,该方法为光学医学诊断提供了一种新参考 关键词： 自相关 漫散射光 超声调制 光学成像     

Ultrasonic enhanced Brillouin light scattering in water

Brillouin light spectra in water was experimentally investigated by a scanning Fabry-Perot interferometer. The optical properties of the scattering media were modulated by a plane ultrasound wave. An enhancement up to 10 times of the Brillouin signal by modulation with the ultrasound wave has been seen clearly. The dependence of the Brillouin signal amplitude on the ultrasound frequency, amplitude and the position of the ultrasound field based to the light beam was investigated experimentally. Very strong dependence of the enhancement with experimental conditions was obtained.     

漫散射光自相关用于生物介质成象的实验研究

本文用背散射光时间自相关函数研究了随机介质中隐一生物组织时的成象,由相关时间τ_c确定出隐含物体的位置.还研究了生物组织在随机介质内不同深度时自相关函数的性质.     

Correlation transfer and diffusion of ultrasound-modulated multiply scattered light

We develop a temporal correlation transfer equation (CTE) and a temporal correlation diffusion equation (CDE) for ultrasound-modulated multiply scattered light. These equations can be applied to an optically scattering medium with embedded optically scattering and absorbing objects to calculate the power spectrum of light modulated by a nonuniform ultrasound field. We present an analytical solution based on the CDE and Monte Carlo simulation results for light modulated by a cylinder of ultrasound in an optically scattering slab. We further validate with experimental measurements the numerical calculations for an actual ultrasound field. The CTE and CDE are valid for moderate ultrasound pressures and on a length scale comparable with the optical transport mean-free path. These equations should be applicable to a wide spectrum of conditions for ultrasound-modulated optical tomography of soft biological tissues.     

Acousto-optical coherence tomography with a digital holographic detection scheme

Acousto-optical coherence tomography (AOCT) consists in using random phase jumps on ultrasound and light to achieve a millimeter resolution when imaging thick scattering media. We combined this technique with heterodyne off-axis digital holography. Two-dimensional images of absorbing objects embedded in scattering phantoms are obtained with a good signal-to-noise ratio. We study the impact of the phase modulation characteristics on the amplitude of the acousto-optic signal and on the contrast and apparent size of the absorbing inclusion.     

动态光散射中的多普勒效应

动态光散射中的多普勒效应郭凤岐１）刘秋霞２）（武汉工业大学数理系材料学院武汉４３００７０）ＤｏｐｐｌｅｒＥｆｅｃｔｉｎＤｙｎａｍｉｃＬｉｇｈｔＳｃａｔｅｒｉｎｇＧｕｏＦｅｎｇｑｉ，ＬｉｕＱｉｕｘｉａ（Ｄｅｐｔ．ｏｆＭａｔｈ．ａｎｄＰｈｙｓ．，Ｗｕｈａ...     

一种基于多重散射的光学Hash函数

本文提出了一种基于光与多重散射介质相互作用的光学Hash函数构造方法.该方法创新性地利用多重散射介质对相干调制光的天然随机散射作用,实现了对调制光的“混淆”和“扩散”,从而满足了Hash函数的核心功能要求:高安全强度的单向编码/加密.所设计的光电混合系统能有效地模拟Hash函数中的“压缩函数”,结合具有特征提取功能的Sobel滤波器,能实现将任意长度的输入数据压缩并加密为固定长度为256 bit的输出(即Hash值).一系列仿真结果表明:该方法所构造的光学Hash函数具有良好的“雪崩效应”和“抗碰撞性”,其安全性能可比拟当前最为广泛使用的传统Hash函数(MD5和SHA-1).     

Geometrical implications of the compound representation for weakly scattered amplitudes

It is known that a random walk model yields the multiplicative representation of a coherent scattered amplitude in terms of a complex Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process modulated by the square root of the cross-section. A corresponding biased random walk enables the derivation of the dynamics of a weak coherent scattered amplitude as a stochastic process in the complex plane. Strong and weak scattering patterns differ regarding the correlation structure of their radial and angular fluctuations. Investigating these geometric characteristics yields two distinct procedures to infer the scattering cross-section from the phase and intensity fluctuations of the scattered amplitude. These inference techniques generalize an earlier result demonstrated in the strong scattering case. Their significance for experimental applications, where the cross-section enables tracking of anomalies, is discussed.     

A study on the effect of filling factor for laser action in dielectric random media

In a random system composed of dielectric materials, laser action is expected to occur from the light localization caused by multiple scattering and interference effect. The wavelengths at which the laser oscillation occurs in random media depend on the mean free path of continuous scattering. Since the mean free path of continuous scattering is dependent on the filling factor, it is important to investigate systematically the effect of the filling factor for the laser action. In the present study, we calculate the Poynting vectors of the light emitted from two-dimensional random media consisting of dielectric rods with population inversion modeled by the negative imaginary part of relative permittivity. The spectra of the radiated Poynting vectors from the two-dimensional random media are shown for several different filling factors and for various values of population inversion. We try to find laser generation which occurs at low population inversion and discuss about the threshold of laser action occurring in dielectric structures with different filling factors. We also study the spacial distribution of the electric field amplitude in several frequency regions where light strongly amplifies.     

Scattering of electromagnetic waves by a randomly rough surface as a boundary problem of laser radiation interaction with light-scattering materials and media

The light scattering by a rough surface with random Gaussian fluctuations of roughness is studied in the case of coarse roughness, whose parameters—mean deviation and correlation length—are much greater than the radiation wavelength. Closed analytical solutions of the problem are presented in terms of radiophysics for the boundary conditions of an ideal conductor and the impedance boundary conditions. These solutions are formulated in terms of a photometric scattering indicatrix. The possibility of their application to the problems of photometry and theory of radiative transfer and scattering in turbid media, in particular, in simulation of the process of boundary scattering of laser radiation by rough surfaces of biological tissues and media, is discussed.     

Experimental study of ultrasound-modulated scattering light using different frequencies ultrasound probes

The focused ultrasound plays a role in localization and modulating the scattering light in ultrasound- modulated optical tomography （UOT）. Both the modulation efficiency of the scattering light and the spatial resolution of UOT are determined by ultrasound. The effects of repetition frequency and pulse energy of impulse ultrasound on the modulated scattering light are derived through experiment in this letter. Purthermore, we compare the imaging sensitivity with 1, 2.25, 5, and 10 MHz center frequencies of impulse ultrasound. Experimental results demonstrate that better signal-to-noise ratios and higher sensitivities can be gained by use of more intense ultrasound and lower ultrasound frequencies.     

Scattering of scalar light wave from a Gaussianben Schell model medium

The scattering of scalar light wave from a random medium with a correlation function of Gaussian–Schell model distribution is studied. It is shown that the properties of the scattered field, i.e., the spectral density and the spectral degree of coherence of the scattered field, are closely related to the properties of the scattering medium, including the scaled effective radius and the scaled correlation length of the correlation function.     

同材质颗粒不同填充密度的随机介质中光场的空间分布

用时域有限差分法研究了同一材质的颗粒在不同填充密度下的随机介质中光局域化问题. 依据随机介质激光的实验参数,模拟了颗粒填充密度不同的随机介质中光场的空间分布. 结果表明：当散射颗粒的散射平均自由程与波长相当时,随机介质中的光场分布呈现局域化的特征,而且随着颗粒填充密度增大,光场的局域化程度增强. 因此,在同样的抽运激励下,颗粒填充密度越大的随机增益介质越容易产生激光辐射. 数值模拟结果与实验定性符合. 关键词： 随机激光 时域有限差分法 颗粒填充密度 局域化     

Correlation between intensity fluctuations of light scattered from a quasi-homogeneous random media

The correlation between intensity fluctuations of light scattered from a quasi-homogeneous random media was analytically derived. We showed the correlation depends on spatial Fourier transforms of both the intensity and degree of spatial correlation of scattering potentials of the media, while the normalized correlation equals the squared modulus of the degree of spatial coherence of the scattered fields.     

分段自相关动态光散射法测量亚微米粒度

介绍了动态光散射法测量微粒尺度的原理，通过对相关函数相对的分析，提出了分段自相关的方法，该方法解决了高速，大数据量采集的困难，又不显著影响相关函数的精度，给出了实验装置及实验结果，测量结果与标准样品的标称值相符。     

Doppler effect's contribution to ultrasonic modulation of multiply scattered coherent light: Monte Carlo modeling

Modulation of light by ultrasound in turbid media is investigated by modified public domain software based on the Monte Carlo algorithm. Apart from the recognized modulation mechanisms, originating in scatterers' displacements and refractive index modulation, an additional mechanism, evolving from Doppler shift during photon scattering, is considered. Comparison of the relative contributions from all three mechanisms to light modulation by ultrasound is performed for different medium scattering properties and ultrasound frequencies. Refractive index modulation remains the strongest mechanism for light modulation by ultrasound, but for high ultrasound frequencies and for large scattering coefficients the Doppler effect can become dominant.     

On Dynamical X-Ray Diffraction in Crystals Modulated by an Acoustic Wave

JETP Letters - Dynamical X ray scattering in crystals modulated by an acoustic wave has been consistently considered. Diffraction in the cases of a spatially uniform amplitude of ultrasound in the...     

Estimation of angle of arrival in a discrete random scattering environment using a Capon beamformer with a compensation matrix

We analyse the problem of the estimation of the angle of arrival in discrete random scattering media. Assuming incidence of a plane wave, we derive the performance of the determination of the angle of arrival in terms of beamwidth, which reflects the ability to resolve the angle of arrival from several directions. The minimum variance beamformer or Capon beamformer is applied. We demonstrate that in random scattering media the signal arriving at the receiving array shows correlation and is modelled as a Gaussian function, and this correlation deteriorates the ability to determine the angle of arrival. A matrix compensation is introduced to improve the performance by correcting the correlation. The main parameter in compensation is the correlation length. We investigate the effect of the correlation length on the angle of arrival.