A Spectrometer Based on Diffractive Lens

A novel spectrometer is designed based on diffractive lens. It is essentially a flat field spectrometer. All the focal points are along the optical axis. Besides, all the asymmetrical aberrations vanish in our mounting. Thus low aberration can be obtained. In this article a diffractive lens is modeled as a special grating and analyzed by using a grating-based method. And a stigmatic point is introduced to reduce the aberrations.     

Experimental Study of Image-Forming Lens Based on Diffractive Lenses,Correcting Aberrations

Optics and Spectroscopy - The simplest lens, consisting of the refractive and diffractive lenses, in which the main geometric aberrations are compensated due to the shape of the diffractive lens,...     

Fresnel phase retrieval method using an annular lens array on an SLM

Wavefront aberrations play a major role when focusing an ultrashort laser pulse to a high-quality focal spot. Here, we report a novel method to measure and correct wavefront aberrations of a 30-fs pulsed laser beam. The method only requires a programmable liquid-crystal spatial light modulator and a camera. Wavefront retrieval is based on pupil segmentation with an annular lens array, which allows us to determine the local phase that minimizes focusing errors due to wavefront aberrations. Our method provides accurate results even when implemented with low dynamic range cameras and polychromatic beams. Finally, the retrieved phase is added to a diffractive lens codified onto the spatial light modulator to experimentally demonstrate near-diffraction-limited femtosecond beam focusing without refractive components.     

A New Approach to the Design of Hybrid Lenses for Integrated Optics

The Fresnel lens is one of the most extensively studied components in both classical and integrated optics. This structure is free from axial spherical aberration, but is heavily affected by both off-axis and chromatic aberrations. The latter can be compensated by introducing a refractive component, whose chromatic behavior is the opposite of that of the diffractive lens. This hybrid refractive-diffractive structure, however, is not able to deal effectively with off-axis aberrations, namely, with coma. In this work, a novel methodology for the design of corrected hybrid lenses is proposed which allows for correction of both chromatism and coma. The design method is based on a ray-optics variational approach which provides a range of possible achromatic solutions. An optimization procedure is performed by means of a series of beam propagation method numerical calculations which make it possible to simulate the lens operation and thus to find the best solution.     

多色光大空间带宽积傅立叶变换透镜系统的设计

本文根据傅立叶变换透镜系统的像差要求，通过研究衍射器件的色差特性和初级像差特点，提出了多色光大空间带宽积的傅立叶变换透镜的系统结构。此系统采用无光焦度的衍射器件校正傅立叶变换主镜的球差，使系统得到最大空间带宽积；还采用谐衍射器件的设计方法，使系统可对多种相干光实现光学傅立叶变换。相对传统傅立叶变换系统而言，此衍射系统结构简单，性能好，可望在光学信息处理方面得到广泛的应用。     

Hybrid triplet objective with optimum aberration correction

This paper is devoted to the design of a hybrid triplet objective consisting of two refractive lenses and a diffractive element analogous to holographic lens. The possibilities of correcting field aberrations are discussed.Several exemplary solutions of achromatic, apochromatic and quasi-superachromatic hybrid objectives with corrected average field curvature or astigmatism are presented. In the best designs coma is also substantially minimized.     

用于半导体激光打标机的谐衍射/折射f-theta镜

根据半导体激光器发射波长的范围和谐衍射透镜的特点,讨论了含有谐衍射光学元件的混合f-theta镜的设计.将谐衍射面型引入到半导体激光器及Nd:YAG激光器打标镜的设计中,使用普通的光学材料,使系统在0.8-1.5 μm波段内很好地校正了各种单色像差和色差,在各个分立波长上系统的光学传递函数接近或达到衍射极限.系统结构紧凑、片数少、兼容性好、具有良好的像差特性,适用于半导体激光器及Nd:YAG激光器打标系统.     

Dual-Frequencies Diffractive Lenses at Millimeter Wavelengths

Diffractive lens have many advantages over refractive lens at millimeter waves band, such as thin, light and low dielectric loss and so on. However, diffractive lens have chromatic aberration, that is, focusing performance of diffractive lens is frequency dependent. In this report, a dual frequencies diffractive lens is developed, which can work at 8mm band and 3mm band, based on the harmonic diffractive lens techniques. Experiments show it has almost same focusing performance at 8mm band and 3mm band.     

二元光学透镜在资源卫星中的应用

使用一种基于二元光学透镜的分光成像及消色差原理的新方法来设计资源卫星的中继光学系统。通过分析二元光学透镜的分光成像原理、消色差原理、衍射效率与阶数和工作波长及设计波长的比之间的关系,又考虑到单独设计制造二元光学透镜的难度,采用折衍混合成像光学系统来拟定资源卫星中继光学系统的设计方案,给出用ZEMAX软件设计的具体结果。设计实例及分析结果表明,包含二元光学透镜的折衍混合成像系统可以很好的实现光谱波段分离,用于资源卫星的光学系统具有一定的适用性。     

大数值孔径衍射透镜的优化设计方法

本文针对大数值孔径衍射透镜工艺制作难的问题,以菲涅耳衍射透镜为例,研究了相位匹配原理并提出了一种优化设计二元大数值孔径衍射透镜的方法。在菲涅耳衍射透镜原理的基础上,确定了优化设计多相位台阶衍射透镜的结构参数,并给出了一个设计实例,最后对结果元件的衍射效率进行了分析与讨论。     

Diffractive lens with binary phase levels to generate two focuses

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二元光学超光谱成像仪分光系统设计

二元光学元件用作透镜在原理上色差非常大,若不在设计上做出补偿,则会限制其在宽波段上使用。阐述了利用二元光学元件色散特性的新型超光谱成像仪的基本原理和应用前景。由于国内加工衍射透镜工艺条件的限制,提出利用折衍混合透镜代替衍射透镜来实现色散和成像,介绍了此透镜系统的设计方法,利用光学设计软件进行分析和评估,希望对二元光学超光谱成像仪的设计具有指导意义。     

Fabrication of a binary diffractive lens for controlling the luminous intensity distribution of LED light

To control the luminous intensity of an light-emitting diode (LED), we designed and fabricated a binary diffractive lens by electron beam lithography on a poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) film. We showed that it is possible to control luminous intensity distribution using the binary diffractive lens. To improve the diffraction efficiency, we then designed a binary blazed diffractive lens with a focal length of 140 mm. With a binary blazed diffractive lens having a focal wavelength of the order of micrometers, it is possible to create a small, thin light source for controlling the distribution of luminous intensity.     

宽波段高分辨率Dyson成像光谱仪设计研究

主要对一种远心成像光谱仪系统,即Dyson成像光谱仪进行了设计研究。这种成像光谱仪结构简单紧凑,仅由一个半球透镜和一个凹面光栅组成。在Rowland圆与折射理论的基础上,分析了Dyson成像光谱仪在宽波段下可消除像散的重要条件,即光栅半径与半球透镜半径之比,并获得了具备极高光学性能的光学系统参数计算条件。为了使这种成像光谱仪更适宜于工程化应用,又在其基础之上设计和分析了探测器表面脱离半球透镜的方法。设计实例获得了数值孔径0.33,工作波段0.38~1.7 μm,狭缝长度15 mm,像面表面成像斑均方根值半径小于2.5 μm的Dyson成像光谱仪结构和改进后的像斑均方根值半径小于8 μm的改进型Dyson成像光谱仪结构。该设计方法和设计结果合理可行,优化结构性能优越,并可用于工业及遥感等多个领域。     

Large aperture phase-coded diffractive lens for achromatic and 16° field-of-view imaging with high efficiency

Diffractive lenses (DLs) can realize high-resolution imaging with light weight and compact size. Conventional DLs suffer large chromatic and off-axis aberrations, which significantly limits their practical applications. Although many achromatic methods have been proposed, most of them are used for designing small aperture DLs, which have low diffraction efficiencies. In the designing of diffractive achromatic lenses, increasing the aperture and improving the diffraction efficiency have become two of the most important design issues. Here, a novel phase-coded diffractive lens (PCDL) for achromatic imaging with a large aperture and high efficiency is proposed and demonstrated experimentally, and it also possesses wide field-of-view (FOV) imaging at the same time. The phase distribution of the conventional phase-type diffractive lens (DL) is coded with a cubic function to expand both the working bandwidth and the FOV of conventional DL. The proposed phase-type DL is fabricated by using the laser direct writing of grey-scale patterns for a PCDL of a diameter of 10 mm, a focal length of 100 mm, and a cubic phase coding parameter of 30π. Experimental results show that the working bandwidth and the FOV of the PCDL respectively reach 50 nm and 16° with over 8% focusing efficiency, which are in significant contrast to the counterparts of conventional DL and in good agreement with the theoretical predictions. This work provides a novel way for implementing the achromatic, wide FOV, and high-efficiency imaging with large aperture DL.     

Subjective evaluation of intraocular lenses by visual acuity measurement using adaptive optics

We present a new method for subjectively evaluating intraocular lenses (IOLs) without implantation surgery. To illustrate the method, three types of single-piece IOL (equispherical monofocal, rotational symmetric aspheric monofocal, and diffractive bifocal) were assembled into a model eye and evaluated using an ocular adaptive optics system by a single subject. To separate the spherical aberration of the crystalline lens, the subject's corneal topography and wavefront aberrations were measured and modeled. Three levels of Zernike spherical aberration were generated and superposed on the IOLs and the subject's eye. The corrected distance visual acuity was measured by psychophysical visual procedure.     

线宽误差对菲涅耳透镜衍射效率的影响

基于标量衍射理论,首先得出存在线宽误差情况下4阶菲涅耳透镜衍射效率的解析式;并以 4阶、8阶和16阶菲涅耳透镜为例,进行计算机模拟计算并系统分析线宽误差对菲涅耳透镜衍射效率的影响。通过实验测量16阶菲涅耳透镜的线宽误差,分析其对16阶菲涅耳透镜衍射效率的影响。模拟计算结果对多阶菲涅耳透镜的制作提供重要的理论指导。     

高衍射效率衍射望远镜系统的设计/加工及成像性能测试

为提高衍射效率,设计并制作了口径为300mm的衍射成像系统.该系统的物镜是由一块四台阶位相型菲涅尔波带片通过激光直写套刻和Ar离子束物理刻蚀技术在石英玻璃基板上加工而成.测试了衍射物镜的衍射效率,实验结果表明:衍射物镜在波长632.8nm处的衍射效率为66.4%,达到理论值的82%.搭建了衍射成像系统光路,分别采用10μm星点孔与分辨率板,测试了系统的成像性能.实验测得星点像直径为44μm,分辨率板的极限分辨率达到84lp/mm,接近该系统的理论计算值,表明该衍射成像系统具有较好的成像性能.     

声光可调谐滤波器成像光谱仪非球面光学系统设计

基于声光可调谐滤波器(AOTF)的工作原理,设计了一套工作在440～780nm的光谱成像光学系统。该光学系统通过引入一面偶次非球面提高了系统的成像质量,简化了镜头的结构,提高了光学系统的透射率。前置光学系统采用由一组双胶合透镜构成的像方远心光路。后置成像光学系统由一组三胶合透镜构成,其中包含一面非球面,根据非球面变形系数与初级像差间的贡献关系,完成了非球面及其位置的优化和对AOTF的+1级衍射光成像。光学系统在32lp/mm的空间频率下的调制传递函数(MTF)大于0.6,像质优良,加工装调公差适中。     

基于衍射微透镜的光学加速度传感器设计

提出了一种基于菲涅耳衍射微透镜的新型光学加速度传感器,它能够解决导航系统中惯性传感器普遍存在的抗电磁干扰和电磁冲击能力差等缺陷。其传感原理是把一个反光膜平行地置于衍射微透镜的后方,加速度的变化会改变反光膜的位置,根据微透镜前方会聚点处光强的变化,感知加速度的大小。介绍了传感器及其动力学系统的工作原理,并对衍射微透镜和动力学系统的微弹性机械结构进行了设计和加工,最后对传感器的性能和误差进行了分析。原理验证性实验的结果表明这种新型光学加速度传感器的原理正确,并且结构简单,灵敏度高。