液相色谱-高分辨质谱法测定壮阳类保健品中非法添加物

采用液相色谱-高分辨质谱法检测壮阳类保健品中的5种非法添加物。样品经甲醇超声提取后,以C18色谱柱为分离柱,以0.1%(体积分数)乙酸溶液与乙腈组成的混合溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾正离子源及全扫描/二级质谱目标离子扫描模式进行测定。5种非法添加物的线性范围为1.0~50μg·L-1,方法测定下限(10S/N)在0.3~0.4μg·L-1之间。对样品进行加标回收试验,回收率在78.0%~102%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.62%~2.3%之间。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定生鲜乳中三聚氰胺的含量

采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定生鲜乳中三聚氰胺残留量。样品经乙腈溶液超声提取,过Waters Oasis MCX固相萃取小柱净化,50℃氮气吹干,再用1.0mL乙腈溶解后供高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析。以Waters Hilic色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,3μm)为固定相,用乙腈-5mmol·L-1乙酸铵(95+5)溶液洗脱,采用电喷雾正离子模式多反应监测,内标法定量。三聚氰胺的质量浓度在10.0μg·L-1以内呈线性,检出限(3S/N)为0.5μg·kg-1。取空白样品在3个标准加入水平下进行回收和精密度试验,回收率在99.8%~103%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=10)在1.9%~3.2%之间。     

分子印迹-固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定鱼肉中的孔雀石绿

以本体聚合法制备孔雀石绿(MG)分子印迹聚合物,并以此为填料,制作针对孔雀石绿的分子印迹固相萃取小柱。鱼肉样品经乙腈超声提取,提取液过分子印迹固相萃取小柱,用甲醇-乙酸(9+1)混合液洗脱,洗脱液采用Eclipse Plus C18色谱柱分离,以50mmol·L-1乙酸盐缓冲溶液-乙腈(4+6)混合液为流动相进行洗脱,检测波长为620nm。孔雀石绿的线性范围为1.00~50.0μg·L-1,检出限(3S/N)为0.62μg·kg-1。对空白鱼肉样品进行加标回收试验,回收率在86.6%~95.4%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)在3.6%~6.8%之间。     

固相萃取-超高效液相色谱法测定水体中4种硝基呋喃类药物

采用固相萃取-超高效液相色谱法测定水体中呋喃西林、呋喃它酮、呋喃妥因、呋喃唑酮等4种硝基呋喃类药物的含量。样品经HLB固相萃取柱净化后,用氨水-甲醇(5+95)溶液洗脱。以BEH C18色谱柱为分离柱,以乙腈和含有0.1%(体积分数)甲酸的2mmol·L-1乙酸铵溶液以体积比23比77组成的混合液为流动相,在检测波长360nm处进行测定。4种硝基呋喃类药物的质量浓度均在5.0~200μg·L-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)为0.02μg·L-1。以空白样品为基体进行加标回收试验,所得回收率在84.5%~97.2%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.5%~4.5%之间。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定猪肉中9种β_2-受体激动剂残留量

采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定了猪肉中9种β-受体激动剂的残留量。样品经β-葡萄糖醛苷酶/芳基硫酸酯酶酶解后加入高氯酸沉淀蛋白并离心,取上清液过PCX阳离子固相萃取小柱净化,用氨水-甲醇(5+95)混合液洗脱,氮气吹干后用乙腈定容至1 mL。以CAPCELL PAK CR色谱柱为分离柱,以10mmol·L-1乙酸铵溶液-乙腈(55+45)混合溶液(含体积分数为0.1%的甲酸)为流动相进行洗脱,采用电喷雾正离子源及选择反应监测模式进行测定,内标法进行定量。9种β-受体激动剂的质量浓度在4.00~100μg·L-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)在0.09~0.50μg·L-1之间。对空白样品进行加标回收试验,回收率在83.2%~102%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在5.0%~12%之间。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定减肥类保健品中的西布曲明

采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定减肥类保健品中的西布曲明。样品经甲醇超声提取后,使用Phenomenex Kinetex C18色谱柱分离,以乙腈-10mmol·L-1乙酸铵溶液(含0.1%甲酸)为流动相进行梯度洗脱,质谱中选择多反应选择离子监测模式检测,以西布曲明-D6作为同位素内标进行定量。西布曲明的质量浓度在5.00~400μg·L-1范围内呈线性,测定下限(10S/N)为10ng·g-1。加标回收率在97.0%~104%之间,相对标准偏差(n=9)为1.1%~3.0%。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定农产品中矮壮素残留量

提出了农产品中矮壮素的高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)分析方法。样品经甲醇-水(1+1)溶液提取,正己烷液液萃取后,采用阳离子交换固相萃取柱净化。所得净化液以阳离子交换树脂与C18混合填料色谱柱为固定相,以含0.1%(体积分数)乙酸的乙腈-10mmol·L-1乙酸铵(1+1)溶液为流动相进行等度洗脱,采用电喷雾正离子源,多反应监测模式检测,同位素内标法定量。矮壮素的线性范围为1.0~100μg·L-1,检出限(3S/N)为5μg·kg-1,测定下限(10S/N)为10μg·kg-1。矮壮素在10,100,500μg·kg-1等3个加标水平的回收率为90.5%~98.5%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.99%~2.2%之间。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱-原子荧光光谱法联用测定水中无机汞(Ⅱ)及有机汞

采用固相萃取-高效液相色谱-原子荧光光谱法联用技术测定了水样中无机汞及有机汞。水样流经以DDTC溶液改性的C18固相萃取小柱。用含有10%(体积分数)乙腈的混合洗脱液4mL,分4次,以1~2mL·min-1流量从小柱上将3种形态的汞洗脱。收集洗脱液,混匀,过滤后通过Venusil MP C18色谱柱,用乙腈、145mmol·L-1乙酸铵溶液和20mmol·L-1半胱氨酸溶液(5+45+50)混合液作为流动相进行色谱分离。根据选定的形态分析条件,用原子荧光光谱法进行测定。汞质量浓度在0.5~20μg·L-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,汞(Ⅱ)、甲基汞、乙基汞的检出限(3S/N)依次为1.6,0.5,1.2ng·L-1。加标回收率在71.2%~95.2%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在4.9%~10%之间。     

固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定动物源性食品中9种β_2-受体激动剂残留量

采用固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定了动物源食品中9种β2-受体激动剂的残留量。样品经与乙酸铵缓冲溶液(pH 5.2)匀浆后,加入β-葡萄糖醛酸甙酶及芳基硫酸酯酶混合溶液进行水解。将水解液离心,取上清液,通过PCX固相萃取柱净化。用氨水-甲醇(5+95)混合液淋洗萃取柱,洗脱液经吹氮蒸干,残留溶于流动相(B)中,所得溶液进行色谱分离。以Waters Atlantis dC18色谱柱为固定相,以不同体积比混合的乙腈(A)和含0.1%(体积分数)甲酸的5mmol·L-1乙酸铵溶液(B)为流动相梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾正离子源模式检测。9种化合物的线性范围均在10.0μg·L-1以内,测定下限(10S/N)均为0.5μg·kg-1。在3个浓度水平上对方法进行回收试验,测得回收率在70.2%~120%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在3.8%~19%之间。     

高效液相色谱-质谱法测定生活用纸中的烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚

采用高效液相色谱-质谱法测定生活用纸中的烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚。样品剪碎后,经乙腈超声萃取,提取液在Dikma Inspire HILIC色谱柱上分离,以乙腈-10mmol·L-1乙酸铵溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾正离子源-选择反应监测模式检测。各聚合度的烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚的质量浓度在一定范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,测定下限(10S/N)在1.0~4.3μg·kg-1之间,加标回收率在51.0%~117%之间。方法适用于测定生活用纸中不同聚合度的烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在2.4%~12%之间。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.