应变式电阻压力传感元件灵敏度的测定

虽然应变式电阻压力传感器得到广泛应用,但对传感器本身的灵敏度的测试却鲜有研究.为此,提出了测量应变式电阻压力传感元件灵敏度的方法,并设计了测量电路,对其灵敏度进行了理论分析、推导和实验测量与验证.该方法有助于学生深入了解该传感器的性能及其应用技术.     

自制斜面压力探究仪原理及测试分析

自制斜面压力探究仪是利用电阻应变式压力传感器巧妙地将斜面受到的压力转换成定值电阻上的电 压, 运用等效代换的方法将斜面压力的变化通过电压变化直观呈现出来, 实验探究过程有利于培养学生的发散思 维能力     

应变式压力传感器检测电路的讨论

本文讨论了传统的应变式压力传感器检测电路，给出了改进措施，提高了视在输出，实现了零点调整，补偿了由于温度变化引起的受力弹性体的弹性系数变化和应变片灵敏度系数变化，满足了输出线性度要求。     

电子秤的结构和工作原理

日常生活中常用电子秤来秤量物体的质量，它以较高的精确度得到大家的信赖．下面就电子秤的结构和原理作些介绍．电子秤主要是由电桥电路及电阻应变式传感器组成，在现代测量技术中常常需要将非电量利用传感器转变成电量后再进行测量．电阻应变式传感器是一种利用金属电阻应变片将应变转换为电阻变化的传感器．它一般分为金属丝式和箔式两类，这里分别介绍其结构和工作原理，其结构如图1、2所示．     

基于压应力的新型温度计设计

利用应变式压力传感器测量由全桥式双金属片因热胀冷缩产生的形变,获得温度调制的电压信号,并通过A/D转换芯片将信号传入STM32F407ZGT6核心控制器,利用TFT屏幕来显示所测温度,获得了一种低成本、低功耗的新型数字温度计。     

基于新型ICP脉动压力传感器的信号调理电路设计与实现

在飞行器地面试验中,新型ICP脉动压力传感器常用来测量飞行器与发射筒之间的关键位置表面由于空气脉动产生的脉动压力参数;ICP脉动压力传感器工作时需要恒流源供电,同时其输出信号不能满足大多数模数转换芯片对于输入电压的要求,针对以上问题,提出了一种基于新型ICP脉动压力传感器的信号调理电路,并详细介绍了电源电路、脉动压力信号调理电路等模块的设计原理和方法;测试结果表明该设计能够满足新型ICP脉动压力传感器3.4 mA恒流源供电需求,并且能准确地将其输出电压信号调理为0.366~2.13 V,符合AD7667转换范围要求,同时能有效地滤除信号中混入的9.6 kHz以上的高频噪声以及椭圆型高阶低通滤波器自身引入的开关噪声;该信号调理电路可靠性高,已经成功应用于飞行器地面发射试验中。     

真空热试验通用软件平台工作模式与关键技术

针对由压力腔外界干扰、工作电压不稳定和压力检测误差等因素导致的零点漂移问题,基于自调谐整流和谐振自调技术研究了一种多压力传感器零点漂移消除算法;首先根据多压力传感器的外界干扰向量、内置电阻和非线性系数特性建立了三维分析空间,据此研究造成系统工作电压变化的外界干扰因素于是设计了自调谐整流电路,然后分析了保障多压力传感器处于谐振状态的必要条件,设计了谐振自调电路和功率放大器,最后提出了将自调谐整流和谐振自调相结合的零点漂移消除算法;验证实验从检测精度、抗外界干扰和系统稳定性等方面,证明了所提方案与紧凑型多压力传感器和电容式多压力传感器相比的优越性。     

设计一种新型电容式加速度测量仪

设计了一种可测量加速度的变极板间距式的差动电容传感器的测量仪。该测量仪的核心是传感器和测量电路部分:从力学上可以看成是一个质量弹簧阻尼系统。其工作过程为传感器感受力后产生加速度,运动质量块由于惯性力而拉动弹簧产生形变,使两个电容发生变化;测量电路部分,是一差动脉宽调制电路,根据测量上述电容的变化情况,推导出加速度。该测量仪是一种便捷的利用电容测量加速度的仪器。     

新型应变式高膛压测试系统研制

 根据电子测压器的特点,以测压器的端盖作为弹性敏感元件,研制出了一种新型的集测压器壳体与传感器于一体的应变式高膛压测试系统。利用厚板变形理论,对电子测压器壳体的力学特性进行了理论分析,并利用ANSYS对壳体的应力、应变分布及弹性敏感元件的模态进行了仿真模拟。50～550 MPa静压标定实验结果表明,该测试系统的线性误差为0.62%,基本误差为4.6%,灵敏度为2.231 3×10^-12 Pa^-1,压力测量范围可涵盖0～600 MPa;动态实验结果表明利用该应变式测试系统测量高膛压是准确可行的。     

电容式微加速度传感器转换电路的设计

电容式微加速度传感器是一种硅微结构加速度传感器，以“叉指”或者“三明治”等方式形成差动电容结构，惯性质量块敏感加速度并转换为电容动极板的位移，差动电容的变化通过激励信号进行调制，经过放大、解调和滤波等处理后，再反馈回电容器的极板上，使电容器动极板始终处于平衡位置；反馈信号同时作为输出，输出信号表征了输入加速度的大小。图1是转换电路的原理图。     

合成金刚石超高压腔内的压力剃度

 用合成金刚石通用的石墨代替过去使用的氯化银作为测定压力的传压介质材料测得了腔内的压力梯度。石墨在压力腔内压力梯度随压力的升高而增大，在中心压力为5.5 GPa时，纵向压力梯度为21.8 MPa/mm，径向压力梯度为18.8 MPa/mm；而且在较低压力下，两个方向的压力梯度相差甚微，随着压力升高，差别则较为显著。但氯化银在压力腔内的压力梯度却随压力的升高而减小。研究了测压腔内的相对压力梯度，发现相对压力梯度随压力的升高而减小。在中心压力为5.5 GPa时，纵向相对压力梯度为0.003 96 mm^-1，径向相对压力梯度为0.003 48 mm^-1。因此，应根据相对压力梯度来合理地设计合成金刚石反应腔内的温度场。     

Effect of shear strain on the α-ε phase transition of iron: a new approach in the rotational diamond anvil cell

The effect of shear strain on the iron α-ε phase transformation has been studied using a rotational diamond anvil cell (RDAC). The initial transition is observed to take place at the reduced pressure of 10.8?GPa under pressure and shear operation. Complete phase transformation was observed at 15.4?GPa. The rotation of an anvil causes limited pressure elevation and makes the pressure distribution symmetric in the sample chamber before the phase transition. However, it causes a significant pressure increase at the centre of the sample and brings about a large pressure gradient during the phase transformation. The resistance to the phase interface motion is enhanced due to strain hardening during the pressure and shear operations on iron and this further increases the transition pressure. The work of macroscopic shear stress and the work of the pressure and shear stress at the defect tips account for the pressure reduction of the iron phase transition.     

A comparison of subglottal and intraoral pressure measurements during phonation

Intraoral pressure and subglottal pressure, derived from tracheal puncture, were recorded with the electroglottographic signal for one normal speaking male during phonation. The mean subglottal pressure for vowels was also estimated by interpolating the intraoral pressure from surrounding /p/ occlusions. The pressure measurements were highly correlated (r = 0.98) and there were small pressure value differences (on average <2%). The effects of varying speech rate and mode of phonation on the pressure measurements are discussed. A decrease in pressure from the mean subglottal pressure for the open phase and an increase for the closed phase was found during the glottal vibratory cycles.     

Dependence of the annihilation pressure of ruby R-line fluorescence on the laser exciting wavelength

Abstract

Using solid argon as pressure medium, quasi-hydrostatic pressure was obtained at room temperature in the diamond cell up to 90 GPa. The mechanism of the disappearance of ruby R lines and the applicability of ruby pressure scale under quasi-hydrostatic pressure above 100 GPa was discussed. The deviation of every pressure measured at nine positions in the cell per mean pressure was less than 1.5% at pressure below 80 GPa.     

高效低阻强化换热技术的三场协同性探讨

在流场和温度场协同的基础上,分析了流场和压力场的协同配合关系.分析表明:在换热强化基本相同的情况下,增大速度和压力梯度间的夹角,可以改善速度场和压力场的协同性,从而减小压降的增大,实现较小压降下获得较高的换热性能.说明了高效低阻强化换热的技术在于温度场、速度场和压力场的较好协同.     

脉冲射流作用下驻点压力特性的试验研究

利用自行研制的自激振荡脉冲射流发生装置对脉冲射流垂直冲击靶盘产生的驻点压力进行了试验研究,实测了不同参数下驻点压力的瞬时变化,分析了驻点压力的脉冲特性和沿程变化特性,探讨了喷嘴直径d、喷嘴出口速度V和靶距H对驻点压力的影响,并与相同工况下连续射流的打击力做了比较。试验结果表明,脉冲射流峰值打击力明显高于连续射流,驻点压力峰值持续时间随d增大而增长,同一喷嘴直径下,驻点压力峰值与V成正比,与H成反比。     

On the pressure variation of resistivity of solid Pr,La and Ac

The high pressure bandstructure results are used to study the pressure variation of the electrical resistivity in Praseodymium (Pr), Lanthanum (La) and Actinium (Ac). The resistivity is calculated using Huang's formula. In the case of Pr and La in the pressure range upto 200 kbar the resistivity increases with pressure and approaches saturation value whereas for Ac, the resistivity increases with pressure initially and then it decreases with increase of pressure. The results are compared with the available experimental and theoretical results. The transitions reported by other investigators in Pr and La are visible in the curves of resistivity Vs pressure. We have also computed the pressure coefficients for Pr and La which indicate the probable phase transitions in them.     

Thermoelasticity of CaO from first principles

The thermoelastic properties of CaO over a wide range of pressure and temperature are studied using density functional theory in the generalized gradient approximation. The transition pressure taken from the enthalpy calculations is 66.7GPa for CaO, which accords with the experimental result very well. The athermal elastic moduli of the two phases of CaO are calculated as a function of pressure up to 200GPa. The calculated results are in excellent agreement with existing experimental data at ambient pressure and compared favourably with other pseudopotential predictions over the pressure regime studied. It is also found that the degree of the anisotropy rapidly decreases with pressure increasing in the B1 phase, whereas it strongly increases as the pressure increases in the B2 phase. The thermodynamic properties of the B1 phase of CaO are predicted using the quasi-harmonic Debye model; the heat capacity and entropy are consistent with other previous results at zero pressure.     

竖直隔板对COIL超扩段流场影响实验研究

 通过一系列对比实验比较了隔板对气流转捩点、总压损失、光腔静压的影响，并通过分析阐述了竖直隔板对扩压器内部气流参数产生影响的原因。隔板可以增加超音速区域的长度，并能增加光腔压力分布的稳定性，减小总压损失，增加压力恢复系数；隔板厚度对光腔静压的影响较大，需严格控制隔板厚度以避免正激波的产生。     

高压下碱卤晶体的三参量等温状态方程

 由等温体积弹性模量的定义及其与压强关系的假设出发,导出了一个新的适用于高压下碱卤晶体的三参量等温状态方程。计算了室温下NaCl晶体在0～30 GPa压强范围内、CsCl晶体在0～40 GPa压强范围内的相对体积以及NaCl晶体在0～30 GPa压强范围内的等温体积弹性模量,计算结果与实验值一致。对等温体积弹性模量及其对压强的一阶、二阶导数与压强的关系进行了讨论,指出压强趋于无穷大时的等温体积弹性模量是常数。