基于智能手机的可视化生物传感器在即时检测中的研究进展

人体生理指标是衡量健康与否的重要标准。传统的检测方法通常要求单独的实验室、复杂的操作流程且耗费较长的检测时间,难以满足快速诊断和居家健康监测的需求,因此亟需开发便携、快速和精准的现场检测技术。即时检测（Point-of-care testing, POCT）区别于传统实验室检测的主要特征是不需要实验室繁杂的分析过程即可实现生物分子的快速原位检测。智能手机作为日常生活广泛使用的通讯工具,具有独立的操作系统,内置存储功能,还配备高清摄像头,在POCT可视化检测方面有巨大的应用潜力。将各种生物传感技术与智能手机相结合已经发展成为POCT领域的一个新方向。本文对近年来基于智能手机的可视化生物传感器在POCT中的研究进展进行了评述,包括比色传感器、荧光传感器、化学发光传感器和电化学发光传感器等,总结了目前基于智能手机可视化生物传感器在POCT应用中面临的问题,并对其未来发展前景进行了展望。     

生物传感器在POCT中的应用研究

即时检测（POCT）是在病人旁边或现场进行的检测,因其简单、快速、便携且不受场所限制已成为目前体外分子诊断技术发展的一支风向标。而生物传感器以其快速、灵敏、高效、便携及易于自动化、微型化等优点在发展现场即时检测技术中具有非常大的潜力。近年来,随着生物传感技术、互联网技术的发展及各种新技术、新方法的兴起和融合,POCT技术和方法得到了实质性发展。本文简要介绍了生物传感器的分类和生物传感器在POCT中的应用现状,综述了近年来各类生物传感器在面向POCT检测应用的研究进展。生物传感器根据类型主要分为基于微流控芯片的生物传感器、基于纸的生物传感器、基于纳米材料的生物传感器、基于手机检测平台的生物传感器及集成的生物传感器等,并对这些传感器平台在POCT检测方面的应用做了阐述,最后对生物传感器在POCT应用中存在的问题进行了讨论,并对其发展趋势及前景做了展望。     

智能手机在生化传感分析中的应用进展

该文主要综述了基于智能手机生化检测的光学和电化学检测技术,及其在生化传感分析中强大的通信手段。重点介绍了智能手机集成的生化传感器技术的性能、优点,及其在生化检测中的应用,讨论了目前智能手机在生化传感分析方面存在的局限性和面临的挑战,并展望了未来的发展方向和潜在的机遇。     

基于纳米材料的电化学免疫传感器在传染性病原体POCT中的应用

传染性病原体POCT对于及时有效控制传染病尤为关键。相比于传统检测方法,基于电化学免疫传感器的传染性病原体检测具有快速、灵敏、准确、易于小型化和集成化等优势,尤其适用于传染病POCT。新兴的纳米材料因其独特的理化性质可用于修饰传感器界面或作为生物分子的固载基质以及信号标记物等,有助于构建出高选择性和高灵敏度的电化学免疫传感器。在本文中,我们着重阐述了不同结构的纳米材料修饰的电化学免疫传感器在传染性病原体POCT检测中的应用,进一步介绍了基于纳米材料的电化学免疫传感器与不同检测技术联用在传染性病原体POCT中的应用,并对其发展前景做出了展望。     

电化学传感技术在氯酚检测中应用的研究进展

综述了电化学传感技术在氯酚检测中应用的研究进展,主要对氯酚化合物电化学传感检测中电极修饰材料(贵金属纳米材料、碳纳米材料、吸附材料以及金属氧化物材料等)和电化学传感分析检测氯酚的方法进行了介绍,并对电化学传感器在复杂环境试样中氯酚的检测应用的发展方向进行了展望(引用文献49篇)。     

基于离子通道的电化学传感技术研究进展

近年来,基于离子通道的电化学检测技术备受关注,目前该技术已广泛应用于DNA测序、分子间相互作用测定以及无机离子、生物分子等检测中。本文从电化学检测方法的角度,综述了近年来基于离子通道的电流型、阻抗型以及电位型检测技术在化学与生物传感中的应用研究进展,重点介绍了此技术的作用原理及传感器构建方法,并对离子通道基电化学传感技术进行了展望。     

用于细胞检测的微电极传感器设计及传感分析

本文针对肿瘤细胞的活性检测、神经细胞的神经递质检测与巨噬细胞等的氧化损伤检测等细胞检测中的核心问题,简要介绍电化学生化传感器和传感方法在细胞检测领域的应用和发展,重点对不同微电极结构的电化学传感器的设计制作、细胞检测方法及应用进展进行了综述。电化学生化传感器从单一检测电极向集成多功能和阵列式电极发展,从单个电极传感检测模式向芯片集成微电极式传感系统发展,而在其生物相容性、检测限和检测效率等方面尚需进一步提升和拓展。基于微机电系统(MEMS)技术制作的微电极研制,电极表面的多种化学和生物修饰的敏感膜研究,从硅基到聚合物柔性基底电极的材料拓展,小体积、植入式、可穿戴式的电化学生化传感器研制等是目前发展的方向,其在临床检验、精准医疗、运动健康监测、老年健康服务等诸多领域中显示出巨大的应用前景。     

有机场效应晶体管传感器研究进展

基于有机半导体的自身特点和场效应晶体管的信号转化与放大功能,有机场效应晶体管(OFET)被认为是构建高性能电学传感器的有效载体.近年来,随着传感功能半导体和器件构建策略的开发,OFET传感器逐渐成为该领域的前沿研究方向.目前,OFET传感器的种类日益丰富,灵敏度等传感性能指标不断提升,在环境检测、健康监测以及人工智能领域显示出广泛的应用前景.本文将从传感检测物种类和器件构筑策略角度对OFET传感器的最新研究进展进行综述,并对其发展方向进行展望.     

居家诊断心肌梗死:基于适体的cTnI传感技术

心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)是与急性心肌梗死(AMI)密切相关的生物标志物,被认为是诊断AMI的“金标准”。目前已有多种cTnI检测技术被开发,包括基于抗体和适体的检测方法。适体是一种能和靶标特异性结合的短的DNA或RNA序列,因其稳定性好、易合成和成本低等优点被用于cTnI检测平台的开发。本文根据信号转导方式,将cTnI检测法分为光学检测和电化学检测两大类,介绍了目前基于适体的cTnI传感技术研究进展,阐述了各类方法的检测原理、性能以及优缺点,对cTnI传感技术进行了总结并对其在居家检测中的发展进行了展望,希望为开发更灵敏、更便携的cTnI传感器提供借鉴和参考。     

基于粘度的现场快速检测方法及应用

即时检测技术（POCT）是一种价格低廉、响应灵敏、无需大型仪器、可快速得到检测结果的检测手段,通常由具有便携式“样品进-信号出”功能的生物传感器完成。虽然基于刺激响应聚合物溶胶-凝胶转变构建的生物传感器已有大量的研究报道,开发制备简单、检测快速、灵敏度高、选择性好的生物传感器依然具有十分重要的意义。近年来,研究者开发了基于聚合物粘度变化的新型生物传感器,可以一定程度上克服传统水凝胶传感器的缺点,具有较大的发展潜力。本文主要从检测平台以及输出信号模式两个方面,总结归纳了基于粘度的现场快速检测方法及应用。最后,对其发展趋势进行简要的讨论,以期为基于粘度的POCT技术的后续研究和发展提供参考。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.