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N4-环丙氨-5-氟-β-L-尿苷的合成 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
报道了N4-环丙氨-5-氟-β-L-尿苷的合成新方法,以L-阿拉伯糖为起始原料合成了化合物L-吡比喃核糖(6),然后经三步反应合成了重要中间体1-氧-乙酰基-2,3,5-三-氧-苯甲酰基-β-L-呋喃核糖(9),与硅烷化的5-氟尿嘧啶缩合得到了带有保护基的5-氟-β-L-尿苷(10),脱保护后与六甲基二硅氮烷(HMDS)、环丙氨、硫酸铵(催化剂)一锅反应得到了目标化合物N4-环丙氨-5-氟-β-L-尿苷(12).产物结构经MS,UV,IR,NMR,元素分析等确认. 相似文献
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以固体酸为催化剂,4,4’-二氟二苯甲酮与苯胺脱水缩合,合成了N-(双(4-氟苯基)亚甲基)苯胺.比较了不同固体酸催化剂H型ZSM-5、Na型ZSM-5、介孔分子筛MCM-41(Al)及强酸型离子交换树脂Amberlyst 15的催化效果.使用比表面、NH3-TPD对催化剂进行了表征,并与催化效果关联.考察了催化剂用量、原料摩尔比、浓度及溶剂等反应条件对产物收率的影响.产物通过熔点、核磁共振谱进行了表征.结果表明,HZSM-5固体酸催化剂具有优异的催化作用.在优化条件下,以对二甲苯为反应溶剂和脱水剂,4,4’-二氟二苯甲酮0.1 mol,苯胺0.2 mol,催化剂用量2.0 g,反应24 h,产物收率达91%.此外,催化剂易于分离,能够重复使用多次. 相似文献
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在活性炭负载金属钌(Ru/C)催化剂上实现了5-羟甲基糠醛的高效选择氧化.以甲苯为反应溶剂,在383 K和2.0 MPa O2的反应条件下,2,5-呋喃二甲醛(DFF)收率高达95.8%.与活性炭负载的具有相似粒径的Pt,Rh,Pd,Au等其它贵金属催化剂相比,Ru/C具有更加优良的活性和DFF选择性.同时Ru/C催化剂结构稳定,具有良好的重复使用性能.在相似的反应条件下,采用水代替甲苯作为溶剂,同时添加少量水滑石固体碱,可便捷地将主要产物从DFF调变为5-甲酰基-2-呋喃甲酸或2,5-呋喃二甲酸,显示出Ru/C催化剂在控制5-羟甲基糠醛选择氧化反应产物方面的优异性能. 相似文献
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在氟化钾作催化剂和四氢呋喃作溶剂的条件下,研究了系列脂肪胺亲核试剂与5-烷氧基-3,4-二卤-2(5H)-呋喃酮发生的反应,通过旋光度,UV-Vis,IR,1H NMR,13C NMR,MS,元素分析和X射线单晶衍射等表征方法对产物进行结构表征,发现通常情况下发生预期的串联迈克尔加成-消除反应,合成了13个新的β-胺基-2(5H)-呋喃酮.但是,空间位阻较大的二环己基胺与5-烷氧基-3,4-二卤-2(5H)-呋喃酮反应时,却得到了4个异常的2(5H)-呋喃酮开环产物,其可能是经开环重排反应的机理得到的. 相似文献
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一种合成2-硝亚胺基-5-硝基-六氢化-1,3,5-三嗪(NNHT)的新方法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
主要研究了合成2-硝亚胺基-5-硝基-六氢化-1,3,5一三嗪(NNHT)的新方法.该方法以硝基胍、乌洛托品、浓盐酸为原料,第一步通过成环反应生成中间产物NIHT·HCI,第二步通过硝化中间产物生成目标产物NNHT;中间产物的收率可达到78.3%,目标产物的总收率可达到64.3%以上.同时对影响反应的各种因素进行了分析讨论,如反应温度、反应时间、硝化条件等.利用傅立叶变换红外光%(FT-IR),氢核磁(1H NMR)、碳核磁(13C NMR)、高效液相色谱(HPLC)、元素分析等方法对目标产物进行了表征,确定为目标产物. 相似文献
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为了深入探索5-烷氧基-3,4-二卤-2(5H)-呋喃酮与胺类试剂发生的反应,进一步在氟化钾作催化剂和四氢呋喃作溶剂的条件下,研究了其与系列不饱和胺的反应,通过旋光度,UV-Vis,IR,1H NMR,13C NMR,MS,元素分析和X射线单晶衍射等表征方法对产物进行结构表征,发现大多数情况下发生预期的串联迈克尔加成-消除反应,得到了16个新的β-胺基-2(5H)-呋喃酮化合物.当不饱和胺为空间位阻较大的2,5-二甲基-3-吡咯啉时,与位阻较大的5-孟氧基-3,4-二卤-2(5H)-呋喃酮反应只是生成异常的2(5H)-呋喃酮开环产物,而与位阻较小的5-甲氧基-3,4-二卤-2(5H)-呋喃酮反应则既有正常的β-胺基-2(5H)-呋喃酮产物,也有经开环重排反应的机理得到的异构体产物.后者表明,底物的位阻大小也是影响反应的因素,甚至导致同时存在竞争反应. 相似文献
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André L. F. Matassoli Igor N. S. Corrêa Márcio F. Portilho Cláudia O. Veloso Marta A. P. Langone 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2009,155(1-3):44-52
The enzymatic alcoholysis of crude palm oil with methanol and ethanol was investigated using commercial immobilized lipases (Lipozyme RM IM, Lipozyme TL IM). The effect of alcohol (methanol or ethanol), molar ratio of alcohol to crude palm oil, and temperature on biodiesel production was determined. The best ethyl ester yield was about 25 wt.% and was obtained with ethanol/oil molar ratio of 3.0, temperature of 50 °C, enzyme concentration of 3.0 wt.%, and stepwise addition of the alcohol after 4 h of reaction. Experiments with 1 and 3 wt.% of KOH and 3 wt.% of MgO were carried out to compare their catalytic behavior with the enzymatic transesterification results. The commercial immobilized lipase, Lipozyme TL IM, showed the best catalytic performance. 相似文献
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浆态床中Cu/ZnO/Al_2O_3/ZrO_2+γ-Al_2O_3双功能催化剂一步法合成二甲醚 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用共沉淀法,制备了纤维状CD501甲醇合成催化剂,采用SEM、TEM、XRD和BET等手段对催化剂进行了表征;并将其进一步和γ-Al2O3进行混合,获得了Cu/ZnO/Al2O3/ZrO2+γ-Al2O3双功能催化剂,考察了其在浆态床中一步法合成二甲醚过程的催化特性。结果表明,相比商业催化剂(COM)和LP201催化剂,新型的CD501催化剂具有更大的比表面积和Cu/Zn分散性。对于浆态床中一步法合成二甲醚过程,采用CD501与γ-Al2O3双功能催化剂,相比采用COM或LP201与γ-Al2O3双功能催化剂,CO转化率提高了一倍,且经过270 h测试,CO转化率从61%降至57%,二甲醚时空产率从0.54 g/(g.h)降至0.48 g/(g.h),稳定性显著优于COM催化剂。当反应温度为250℃,压力为4.0 MPa,空速为3 000 mL/(g.h),氢碳比为1.0时,该催化剂应用在浆态床一步法合成二甲醚时,CO转化率为61%,DME时空产率达到0.54 g/(g.h)。 相似文献
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基于氯化镁饱和溶液中固定化脂肪酶Lipozyme TL IM催化光皮树油脂合成生物柴油 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
基于氯化镁饱和溶液反应体系中,对采用固定化脂肪酶Lipozyme TL IM催化光皮树油脂转化为生物柴油的工艺进行了研究。考察了固定化脂肪酶Lipozyme TL IM催化光皮树油转酯化的工艺中甲醇的用量、固定化脂肪酶的添加量、摇床的转速和反应时间对生物柴油产率的影响。实验结果表明,采用氯化镁饱和溶液反应体系,在醇油摩尔比为3∶1,固定化酶Lipozyme TL IM用量为光皮树油质量的20%,摇床转速为150 r/min,反应8 h时,生物柴油产率最高,达到86.5%。与传统的三步甲醇醇解或者有机溶剂反应体系比较,采用的氯化镁饱和溶液体系的酶稳定性更好,反应效率更高,有效地解决了酶在甲醇中失活的问题,生产成本低,可成为生产生物柴油的新工艺。 相似文献
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Thaddeus C. Ezeji Marisa Groberg Nasib Qureshi Hans P. Blaschek 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2003,106(1-3):375-382
Acetone, butanol, ethanol (ABE, or solvents) were produced from starch-based packing peanuts in batch and continuous reactors.
In a batch reactor, 18.9 g/L of total ABE was produced from 80 g/L packing peanuts in 110 h of fermentation. The initial and
final starch concentrations were 69.6 and 11.1 g/L, respectively. In this fermentation, ABE yield and productivity of 0.32
and 0.17 g/(L·h) were obtained, respectively. Compared to the batch fermentation, continuous fermentation of 40 g/L of starch-based
packing peanuts in P2 medium resulted in a maximum solvent production of 8.4 g/L at a dilution rate of 0.033 h−1. This resulted in a productivity of 0.27 g/(L·h). However, the reactor was not stable and fermentation deteriorated with
time. Continuous fermentation of 35 g/L of starch solution resulted in a similar performance. These studies were performed
in a vertical column reactor using Clostridium beijerinckii BA101 and P2 medium. It is anticipated that prolonged exposure of culture to acrylamide, which is formed during boiling/autoclaving
of starch, affects the fermentation negatively. 相似文献
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Jane Luiza Nogueira Fernandes Rodrigo Octavio Mendonça Alves de Souza Rodrigo Bagueira de Vasconcellos Azeredo 《Magnetic resonance in chemistry : MRC》2012,50(6):424-428
In the present investigation, we studied the enzymatic synthesis of monoacylglycerols (MAG) and diacylglycerols (DAG) via the esterification of saturated fatty acids (stearic, palmitic and an industrial residue containing 87% palmitic acid) and glycerol in a solvent‐free system. Three immobilized lipases (Lipozyme RM IM, Lipozyme TL IM and Novozym 435) and different reaction conditions were evaluated. Under the optimal reaction conditions, esterifications catalyzed by Lipozyme RM IM resulted in a mixture of MAG and DAG at high conversion rates for all of the substrates. In addition, except for the reaction of industrial residue at atmospheric pressure, all of these products met the World Health Organization and European Union directives for acylglycerol mixtures for use in food applications. The products were quantified by 13C NMR, with the aid of an external reference signal which was generated from a sealed coaxial tube filled with acetonitrile‐d3. After calibrating the area of this signal using the classical external reference method, the same coaxial tube was used repeatedly to quantify the reaction products. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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在脂肪酶Lipozyme TL IM的催化下,2,2,5-三甲基-1,3-二氧六环-5-羧酸酐对抗生素西罗莫司的42-位羟基进行区域选择性酯化制得化合物4;4水解后合成了西罗莫司脂化物Temsirolimus,总产率83.7%。其结构经1H NMR和HR-MS确证。 相似文献
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Marta A. P. Langone Geraldo L. Sant'Anna Jr. 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》1999,79(1-3):759-770
The synthesis of tricaprylin, tricaprin, trilaurin, and trimyristin in a solvent-freesystem was conducted by mixing a commercial
immobilized lipase (Lipozyme IM 20, Novo Nordisk, Bagsvaerd, Denmark) with the organic reactants (glycerol and fatty acids)
in a 20-mL batch reactor with constant stirring. In a first set of experiments, the effect of water concentration (0–6%) on
the reaction conversion was shown to be negligible. In a second set of experiments, the effects of temperature (70–90°C),
fatty acid/glycerol molar ratio (1–5), and enzyme concentration (1–9%[w/w]) on the reaction conversion were determined by
the application of a 3×3 experimental design. The reactions were carried out for 26 h and the nonpolar phase was analyzed
by gas chromatography (GC). Appreciable levels of medium-chain triglycerides were achieved, except for tricaprylin. For the
triglyceride production, higher selectivity was attained under the following conditions: molar ratio of 5, enzyme concentration
of 5 or 9% (w/w) and temperatures of 70°C (Tricaprin), 80°C (trilaurin), and 90°C (trimyristin). Statistical analysis indicated
that the fatty acid/glycerol molar ratio was the most significant variable affecting the synthesis of triglycerides. 相似文献
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Myunggu Lee Dohoon Lee Jaehoon Cho Sangyong Kim Chulhwan Park 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2013,171(5):1118-1127
A semi-pilot continuous process (SPCP) for enzymatic biodiesel synthesis utilizing near-critical carbon dioxide (NcCO2) as the reaction medium was developed with the aim of reducing the reaction time and alleviating the catalyst inhibition by methanol. Biodiesel synthesis was evaluated in both lab-scale and semi-pilot scale reactors (batch and continuous reactors). In a SPCP, the highest conversion (~99.9 %) in four and a half hours was observed when three-step substrate (methanol) addition (molar ratio [oil/methanol]?=?1:1.3) was used and the reaction mixture containing enzyme (Lipozyme TL IM, 20 wt.% of oil) was continuously mixed (agitation speed?=?300 rpm) at 30 °C and 100 bar in a CO2 environment. The biodiesel produced from canola oil conformed to the fuel standard (EU) even without additional downstream processing, other than glycerol separation and drying. 相似文献
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A method for regioselective acylation of flavonoids (naringin and naringin dihydrochalcone) in a flow microreactor using Lipozyme TL IM from Thermomyces lanuginosus as the catalyst has been developed. The important features of this method include mild reaction conditions, short reaction times (30 min), high yields, and high regioselectivities. 相似文献
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1. Introduction As an effective utilization of methane, the methane dehydro-aromatization was focused in the last decade [1-28]. Over the Mo/HZSM-5 bi- functional catalyst at high reaction temperature, methane can be converted into light aromatics (ben- zene and naphthalene) and hydrogen. Mo active species can activate the C—H bond of methane; and HZSM-5 supplies the acid sites for the oligomeriza- tion and cyclization of hydrocarbons to form aromat- ics, and suppresses the deeper condens… 相似文献