Porphyrin-induced photogeneration of hydrogen peroxide determined using the luminol chemiluminescence method in aqueous solution: A structure-activity relationship study related to the aggregation of porphyrin.

A luminol chemiluminescence method was used to evaluate the porphyrin-induced photogeneration of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). This method enabled us to detect H202 in the presence of a high concentration of porphyrin, which was not possible using conventional colorimetry. The limit of detection was about 1 microM. We compared the ability to generate H2O2, using uroporphyrin (UP), hexacarboxylporphyrin (HCP), coproporphyrin (CP), hematoporphyrin (HP), mesoporphyrin (MP), and protoporphyrin (PP). The amount of H2O2 photoproduced was strongly related to the state of the porphyrin in the aqueous solution. UP and HCP, which existed predominantly in a monomeric form, had a good ability to produce H2O2. HP and MP, existing as dimers, showed weak activity. CP, forming a mixture of monomer and dimer, had a moderate ability to produce H2O2. PP, which was highly aggregated, had a good ability. These results demonstrated that the efficiency of porphyrins to produce H2O2 was strongly dependent on their aggregated form, and the dimer suppressed the production of H2O2.     

(S)-2-氨基-1,1-二苯基-1-丙醇的合成和外消旋Droxidopa前体的拆分

(S)-2-氨基-1,1-二苯基-1-丙醇是一种合成多种手性助剂的重要中间体,也用于外消旋屈昔多巴前体化合物的拆分。从价廉易得的L-丙氨酸出发,通过四步反应制得,总收率55.6%L-丙氨酸经甲酯化,苄氧羰基保护制得的L-2-苄羰基氨基丙酸甲酯与苯基溴化镁反应制得(S)-2-苄氧羰基氨基-1,1-二苯基-1-丙醇。是在5%Pd/C催化加氢下脱除苄氧羰基得到标题化合物。该制备方法涉及的中间体及目标化合物易于纯化,总收率高且重现性好。我们用制得的氨基醇能成功地拆分外消旋苏式屈昔多巴前体化合物3-3,4-二苄氧苯基)-N-苄氧羰基丙氨酸。     

Synthesis of 2,5-diaryloxazoles through friedel-crafts reaction of azlactones with aromatic hydrocarbons

2-Phenyl-5-oxazolone (hippuric acid azlactone, I) gives good yields of benzoylamino-ketones(II) in the Friedel-Crafts benzoylaminoacetylation of aromatic hydrocarbons. On this basis a new synthesis of 2,5-diaryloxazoles was devised, resulting in the simplest preparation of several 2-phenyl-5-aryl-oxazoles (III), which are good scintillator solutes. Ultra-violet absorption spectra are described and discussed.     

Guerbet reaction of primary alcohols leading to beta-alkylated dimer alcohols catalyzed by iridium complexes

[IrCl(cod)]2 and [Cp*IrCl2]2 complexes catalyzed efficiently the Guerbet reaction of primary alcohols to beta-alkylated dimer alcohols in good yields. For instance, the reaction of 1-butanol in the presence of [Cp*IrCl2]2 (1 mol %), t-BuOK (40 mol %), and 1,7-octadiene (10 mol %) produced 2-ethyl-1-hexanol in 93% yield. Various primary alcohols undergo the Guerbet reaction under the influence of Ir complexes to give the corresponding dimer alcohols in good yields. This method provides an alternative direct route to beta-alkylated primary alcohols which are prepared by aldol condensation of aldehydes followed by hydrogenation.     

含咪唑酮结构聚芳醚砜共聚物的制备与表征

通过共聚的方法在酚酞聚芳醚砜(PES-C)的主链上引入苯并咪唑酮和5,6-二甲基苯并咪唑酮结构,制备了一系列苯并咪唑酮和5,6-二甲基苯并咪唑酮结构含量不同的高玻璃化转变温度(T_g)聚芳醚砜共聚物。利用核磁共振谱(NMR)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、热重分析仪(TGA)等技术手段表征了三元共聚物的结构和性能。结果表明,聚芳醚砜共聚物为无定型结构。聚合物具有优异的热性能,并且均呈现出单一的T_g(T_g271℃);随着苯并咪唑酮和5,6-二甲基苯并咪唑酮的摩尔分数的增加,聚合物T_g呈现规律性升高,分别从270℃升高到340和344℃。两种共聚物均能够溶于极性非质子N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)、二甲基亚砜(DMSO)、N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)及氯仿(CHCl_3)等溶剂中。具有很好的溶解加工性和成膜性,可以进行溶液加工制备韧性的薄膜。     

One-step synthesis of stoichiometrically defined metal oxide nanoparticles at room temperature

A great variety of metal oxide nanoparticles have been readily synthesized by using alkali metal oxides, M(2)O (M is Na or Li) and soluble metal salts (metal chlorides) in polar organic solutions, for example, methanol and ethanol, at room temperature. The oxidation states of the metals in the resulting metal oxides (Cu(2)O, CuO, ZnO, Al(2)O(3), Fe(2)O(3), Bi(2)O(3), TiO(2), SnO(2), CeO(2), Nb(2)O(5), WO(3), and CoFe(2)O(4)) range from 1 to 6 and remain invariable through the reactions where good control of stoichiometry is achieved. Metal oxide nanoparticles are 1-30 nm and have good monodispersivity and displayed comparable optical spectra. These syntheses are based on a general ion reaction pathway during which the precipitate occurs when O(2-) ions meet metal cations (M(n+)) in anhydrous solution and the reaction equation is M(n+) + n/2 O(2-) --> MO(n/2) (n=1-6).     

Synthesis of adenine-modified reduced graphene oxide nanosheets

We report here a facile strategy to synthesize the nanocomposite of adenine-modified reduced graphene oxide (AMG) via reaction between adenine and GOCl which is generated from SOCl(2) reacted with graphite oxide (GO). The as-synthesized AMG was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and galvanostatic discharge analysis. The AMG owns about one adenine group per 53 carbon atoms on a graphene sheet, which improves electronic conductivity compared with reduced graphene oxide (RGO). The AMG displays enhanced supercapacitor performance compared with RGO accompanying good stability and good cycling behavior in the supercapacitor.     

Reactivity of 2-methylene-1,3-dicarbonyl compounds. 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction with ethyl diazoacetate.

The reaction of 2-methylene-1,3-dicarbonyl compounds (1) with ethyl diazoacetate gave 4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole derivatives (2), which were stable for several months at room temperature in good yields.     

含有吡啶环的可溶型聚苯并咪唑共聚物的合成及表征

采用溶液缩聚法合成了不同摩尔比的3,3′-二氨基联苯二胺(DAB)、2,3,5,6-四氨基吡啶(TAP)盐酸盐和4,4′-二羧基二苯醚(DCDPE)的共聚物。用红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)、热重分析(TGA)以及电子拉力机对聚合物的结构和性能进行了表征。结果表明:共聚反应中,当TAP在两种胺类单体中的摩尔分数分别为0.1、0.2、0.3时,30℃的特性黏度对应为0.806、0.8161、.028 dL/g。共聚物在N,N-二甲基酰胺(DMF)、二甲基亚砜(DMSO)、N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(NMP)等极性溶剂和浓H2SO4中有良好的溶解性。3种单体可以在短时间内形成共聚产物,产物具有良好的成膜性、热稳定性和力学性能。     

Antimicrobial chemical constituents from the endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp. from Notobasis syriaca

Phomosine K (1), a new phomosine derivative, has been isolated from Phomopsis sp., in addition to six known compounds: phomosine A (2), phenylalanine amide (3), 2-hydroxymethyl-4beta,5alpha,6beta-trihydroxycyclohex-2-en (4), (-)-phyllostine (5), (+)-epiepoxydon (6), and (+)-epoxydon monoacetate (7). Preliminary studies showed that compound 1 had strong antibacterial activity, while compounds 4-7 showed good antifungal, antibacterial, and algicidal properties, except compounds 4 and 6, which lacked antifungal activity.     

The Dakin-West reaction of N-alkoxycarbonyl-N-alkyl-alpha-amino acids employing trifluoroacetic anhydride

The Dakin-West reaction of N-alkoxycarbonyl-N-alkyl-alpha-amino acids (1a-j) with trifluoroacetic anhydride in the presence of pyridine gave alpha-amido trifluoromethyl ketones (2a-j), in which probable intermediates were mesoionic 1,3-oxazolium-5-olates (munchnones). The diastereoselective reduction of 2a-f with NaBH4 gave the threo-aminoalcohols (5a-f), which may be explained by the Felkin-Anh model. This was confirmed by converting 5a-f into trans-5-trifluoromethyl-2-oxazolidinones (6a-f) in good yields.     

Photochromism-based detection of volatile organic compounds by W-doped TiO2 nanofibers

W-doped TiO(2) nanofibers with various compositions (W/Ti: 2-8%) were fabricated by the electrospinning method from respective precursor solutions containing tungsten(V) pentaethoxide, titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP), and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), followed with calcination at 550 °C. Morphological and structural characteristics of these nanofibers were studied with SEM, XRD and XPS. W-doping inhibited the crystal growth and anatase-to-rutile transformation of TiO(2) nanofibers. W-doped TiO(2) nanofiber mats showed good photocatalytic oxidation abilities for acetone. Obvious color change from white to blue of mats during the photocatalysis process can be detected by naked eyes, which provides a good way in detection of pollutants in indoor air, especially for the volatile organic compounds (VOCs).     

Generation of diverse 2-pyrones via palladium-catalyzed site-selective Suzuki-Miyaura couplings of 3-bromo-4-tosyloxy-2-pyrone

Based on different reactivity of the (pseudo)halide substituents in the 2-pyrone (3-Br and 4-OTs), palladium-catalyzed sequential site-selective Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions of 3-bromo-6-methyl-4-tosyloxy-2-pyrone are described, which afford the diverse 2-pyrones in good yields.     

Thermal ring expansion of 2-azidoselenochromenes: first synthetic examples of 1,3-benzoselenazepines

The thermolysis of 2-azido-2-tert-butyl-2H-selenochromenes (2a, b), which were easily obtained by the reaction of the corresponding 1-benzoselenopyrylium salts (1) with sodium azide, resulted in a ring expansion to give the novel stable 1,3-benzoselenazepines (5a, b) with denitrogenation in good yields.     

二氧化锰/球形活性炭复合材料在有机系超级电容器中的应用

以Mn(NO3)2和中间相炭微球基球形活性炭（MSAC）为原料,采用热分解的方法成功制备了一种新型超级电容器用MnO2/MSAC球形复合材料。 通过X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜对比分析了该复合材料的结构和形貌,并采用循环伏安、恒流充放电、电化学阻抗（EIS）、循环充放电研究了电极的电化学性能。 结果表明,MnO2/MSAC球形复合物中的MnO2粒径为100~160 nm;在1 mol/L的LiPF6/(DMC+EC)（EC：乙烯碳酸酯;DMC：碳酸二甲酯) 有机电解液中MnO2/MSAC复合材料所组装的电容器的工作电压可达3.0 V,在0.002 A/cm2电流密度下,MnO2/MSAC球形复合材料的电容器和单纯MSAC材料的电容器的首次循环比容量分别为186和167 F/g,在循环过程中,MnO2/MSAC球形复合材料的电容器循环200次后充放电的库仑效率基本保持在95%以上。 此外,MnO2/MSAC球形复合材料的充放电曲线表现出典型的电容行为;循环伏安曲线也表现出良好矩型特征,同时具有较高的能量密度和良好的功率性能。     

Capture and dissociation in the complex-forming CH(v = 0,1) + D2 → CHD + D, CD2 + H, CD + HD reactions and comparison with CH(v = 0,1) + H2

Rate coefficients for the CH(v = 0,1) + D(2) reaction have been determined for all possible channels (T: 200-1200 K), using the quasiclassical trajectory method and a suitable treatment of the zero point energy. Calculations have also been performed on the CH(v = 1) + H(2) reaction and the CH(v = 1) + D(2) → CH(v = 0) + D(2) process. Most of the results can be understood considering the key role played by the deep minimum of the potential energy surface (PES), the barrierless character of the PES, the energy of the reaction channels, and the kinematics. The good agreement found between theory and experiment for the rate coefficients of the capture process of CH(v = 0) + D(2), the total reactivity of CH(v = 1) + D(2), H(2), as well as the good agreement observed for the related CH(v = 0) + H(2) system (capture and abstraction), gives confidence on the theoretical rate coefficients obtained for the capture processes of CH(v = 1) + D(2), H(2), the individual reactive processes of CH(v = 1) + D(2), H(2), the abstraction and abstraction-exchange reactions for CH(v = 0) + D(2), and the inelastic process mentioned above, for which there are no experimental data available, and that can be useful in combustion chemistry and astrochemistry.     

Superoxide-stable ionic liquids: new and efficient media for electrosynthesis of functional siloxanes

The electrogeneration of diorganylsilanones from difunctional precursors Y(CH(2))(3)(Me)SiX(2) and Ph(2)SiX(2)(Y = NH(2), CF(3), CN; X = Cl, OEt, OMe), performed in the presence of hexamethyldisiloxane or hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (D(3)) in the ionic liquids [C(5)H(5)NC(8)F(18)].NTf(2), [C(5)H(5)NC(18)H(38)].NTf(2) and Me(3)BuN.NTf(2), which reveal high solubility of oxygen and are inert toward superoxide anion, allows functionalized siloxanes to be produced selectively in good isolated yields.     

The highly active catalysts of nanocomposite K-Co-CeO2 for soot combustion

Nanocomposite K-Co-CeO(2) catalysts were synthesized by the controllable micropore-diffused co-reaction method. Due to the size-match nanometre effect between CeO(2) support and active components and formation of NO(2), these cheap nanocomposite catalysts exhibit super catalytic performances which are as good as a supported Pt catalyst under loose contact conditions for soot combustion.     

Versatile synthons for optically pure alpha-amino aldehydes and alpha-amino acids: (+)- and (-)-4,5-dialkoxy-2-oxazolidinones

Both enantiomers of trans-5-benzyloxy-4-methoxy- (BMOx) and trans-4,5-dimethoxy-2-oxazolidinones (DMOx), which are readily accessible from simple 2-oxazolone heterocycles, represent good candidates for a new class of chiral synthons for use in the preparation of optically pure alpha-amino aldehydes and alpha-amino acids, respectively.     

Novel PVC-based copper(II) membrane sensor based on 2-(1'-(4'-(1'-hydroxy-2'-naphthyl)methyleneamino)butyl iminomethyl)-1-naphthol.

A copper(II) ion-selective PVC membrane sensor based on 2-(1'-(4'-(1'-hydroxy-2'-naphthyl)methyleneamino)butyl iminomethyl)-1-naphthol (BHNB) as a novel Schiff base containing a sensing material has been successfully developed. The sensor exhibits a good linear response of 29 mV per decade within the concentration range of 10(-1)-10(-6) M of Cu2+. The sensor shows good selectivity for copper(II) ion in comparison with alkali, alkaline earth, transition and heavy metal ions. The BHNB-based sensor is suitable for use with aqueous solutions of pH 3.5-7.0 and displays minimal interference by Sr(II), Cd(II), Hg(II), Zn(II) and Pb(II), which are known to interfere with other previously suggested electrodes. The proposed membrane electrode was used as a sensor for determining the Cu(II) content in black tea samples. It was also applied as an indicator electrode in the potentiometric titration of Cu2+ ions with EDTA.