复合材料层合板低速冲击后压缩的损伤累积模型

为了分析复合材料层合板低速冲击后的压缩性能,首先用三维动态有限元素法对两种层合板进行了低速冲击损伤模拟计算,以此作为冲击后压缩（CAI）层合板的初始损伤,然后用三维静态有限元对含损伤的层合板进行压缩破坏模拟和剩余强度计算,从而实现了层合板从冲击损伤到压缩破坏损伤全过程的模拟．结果表明,损伤投影面积和CAI强度的计算值与试验结果有较好的一致性．     

树脂基复合材料粘接的优化设计

本文在试验数据和理论分析的基础上,提出树脂基复合材料单搭接的优化设计的原则,胶粘剂的选择、被粘物的设计,粘接长度的选择、胶层厚度的选择等.认为通过优化设计可以提高粘接强度,减轻产品的重量,提高其质量.     

树脂传递成型过程中温度场的数值研究

温度场是树脂基复合材料传递成型过程中最为重要的影响因素.通过对成型过程中温度场的数值研究,揭示温度场不仅仅影响了树脂浸润多孔介质的过程,而且本身也受到多孔介质的孔隙率、树脂反应热、树脂注入温度和树脂注入流量等因素的影响,并最终决定了制品的成型过程和制品质量.     

辽河口附近海冰单轴压缩强度的试验与统计特征

为研究影响海冰单轴压缩强度的因素,在渤海辽河口附近海域采集冰坯,加工成方柱状冰样.在试验温度分别为-3℃,-5℃,-7℃,-10℃和-15℃下,对225个冰样沿平行和垂直自然冰表面方向进行加载.研究试样温度,加载方向,应变速率和孔隙率对海冰单轴压缩强度的影响.试验结果表明:海冰单轴强度随试样温度的降低而增加;垂直方向冰样的峰值强度高于水平方向,海冰表现为各向异性.利用试验结果建立了韧性区内海冰单轴压缩强度与应变速率和孔隙率的统计关系.     

新型轻质复合材料夹芯结构振动阻尼性能研究进展

作为新一代先进轻质超强韧结构材料,复合材料格栅和点阵夹芯结构受到了国内外学者的广泛关注.目前关于该类结构材料的设计制备以及相关力学性能研究已取得了大量的研究成果.然而对该类结构振动阻尼性能的研究则处于起步阶段.该文综述了纤维增强树脂基复合材料简单层合结构以及各类夹芯结构振动阻尼性能的研究现状.首先阐述其阻尼机理, 然后分别概述了复合材料简单层合板的微观和宏观阻尼模型、复合材料粘弹性阻尼夹层结构和新型夹层结构的阻尼预报工作,最后总结归纳现有关于该类结构阻尼特性研究工作中已取得的成果和不足之处,并对其未来发展进行了展望.     

玻璃钢定向管热力学性能研究与模拟

定向器是火箭武器系统的重要组成部分,在长期贮存过程中,受到各种应力因素和环境因素的作用,不可避免地发生老化现象,这对武器系统可靠性有着重要影响.该文以玻璃钢定向器为研究对象,进行玻璃钢单向板基本热力学性能试验,并通过试验和测量,获得定向管玻璃钢材料的基本热力学性能,含加速老化后的基本力学性能;构建玻璃钢定向器力学模型,分析其受载时的热力学特性,再建立玻璃钢定向器蠕变模型,即复合材料铺层模型和各向异性模型,在结构模型中进行计算分析,所得的计算参数为建立非金属定向管长贮性能分析的计算模型提供材料参数.     

简支矩形复合材料薄板压缩屈曲后的极限强度

本文通过283块简支矩形玻璃钢薄板的压缩屈曲后极限强度的试验,证明了复合材料薄板在屈曲失稳后仍能继续承载,以玻璃钢为例,可以超过临界载荷的十几倍。文中对薄板的极限强度进行了大挠度和小挠度理论分析,结合复合材料的能量强度理论,最后得出有关极限强度计算公式的C参数曲线,对于45°方向的薄板与试验结果较符合,对于经纬向薄板当β<0.11时比试验结果略大。文中给出的C参数可供产品设计时参考。     

一种改进的原始对偶法求解TV-L1图像去噪模型

数字图像在采集过程中通常会因为硬件问题被椒盐噪声所污染,椒盐噪声强度大,分布随机,对图像的后续处理会产生极大的影响.因此,椒盐噪声的去除对图像处理十分重要.在处理椒盐噪声的方法中,传统的中值滤波法在噪声强度增强时容易出现恢复不完全现象,自适应中值滤波法根据噪声强弱自动选择滤波窗口大小改善了传统的中值滤波法,但在噪声强度增强时容易过度平滑图像,丢失图像的纹理细节.研究表明,变分模型去噪时能够克服滤波法的缺点,有效地保持图像的纹理细节.其中,TV-L1模型相对于传统变分模型对椒盐噪声有更好的去噪效果,但在图像平滑区域容易产生阶梯效应.对此,本文提出一种自适应中值滤波和TV-L1交替迭代的去噪模型.在求解TV-L1模型时采用原始对偶算法求解以增大求解空间,克服了TV-L1模型在求解时的不可微性.仿真实验与Chambolle提出的原始对偶求解TV-L1模型,以及加入Huber范数的TV-L1改进模型进行对比.实验结果表明,尤其在椒盐噪声强度较大的情况下,该模型相比以上对比模型的PSNR值及视觉效果均有所提高,在较好去除噪声的同时保持了纹理细节,改善了阶梯效应.     

广义Cauchy中值定理中值点的渐近性态及仿真

利用Γ函数和B函数等工具对广义Cauchy中值定理的中值点ξ的渐近性进行研究,得到了若干新的渐近性理论成果,同时利用MATLAB和GeoGebra软件对此理论成果进行了仿真研究,其可视化结果明确了中值ξ(x)的单值、多值和收敛速度等多种性态.     

广义Taylor中值函数若干分析性质

文[2-8]对微分中值定理及Taylor定理"中间点"的渐近性质进行了研究,本文在此基础上,给出了"广义Taylor中值函数"的定义,对"广义Taylor中值函数"的分析性质进行了系统的讨论,证明了"广义Taylor中值函数"的单调性、可积性、连续性、可微性等分析性质.     

Effect of elevated temperatures on the strength of cured resins and resin-based materials

An investigation of the thermal stability of polycondensation cured resins has confirmed the previously established linear relationship between loss of strength and loss of weight. In the process of thermal degradation three qualitatively different stages are observed. The first is characterized by a fall in strength at low weight loss, pointing to a highly stressed structural network. The second stage, characterized by smooth variation of strength and weight, corresponds to thermo-oxidative degradation, which in the case of organophosphorous and melamine-formaldehyde resins ends in the formation of stable structures (third stage) with a residual strength of 8–10%. It is proposed to estimate the thermal stability of resins from three-dimensional diagrams in strength-temperature-time coordinates. Plane diagrams can be used for the rapid comparative evaluation of different resins.Mekhanika Polimerov, Vol. 2, No. 5, pp. 746–754, 1966     

Resonances Introduced by Discretization

This paper examines the effect of spatially discretizing thenon-linear equation chosen to model the integro-differential equations governinginterfacial vortex sheets. Here H is the Hilbert transform and is a spatial average. It is shown numerically and analyticallythat small-amplitude travelling-wave solutions of the discretizedmodel equation are subject to instabilities whose growth rateis proportional to the amplitude and depends in a complicatedway on the number of mesh points per wavelength. The mechanismof the instability is shown to be a resonance not present inthe continuous system and present in the discrete system becausethe frequency of waves with wavelength equal to twice the meshspacing is zero.     

Residual strength of GFRP at high-cycle fatigue

Degradation of the residual strength of a glass-fiber-reinforced polyester composite of a lay-up typical of the wind rotor blade material is studied at low-cycle fatigue. A gradual reduction of the residual strength is observed as expected for GRP, accompanied by an increasing scatter of strength. The residual strength model based on the strength-life equal rank assumption yields an accurate approximation of experimental data. The strength reduction at a stress level corresponding to high-cycle fatigue (N>10 ⁶ cycles) appears to correlate well with the test results at higher stress levels, which indicates that the strength degradation at the design stress level can be evaluated using low-cycle tests. Assuming that the parameters of the strength degradation model do not depend on the applied stress level, the residual strength data obtained in low stress level tests of comparatively short duration can be used to estimate the average fatigue life at the same stress thus reducing the total test time. Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 35, No. 5, pp. 595–604, September–October, 1999.     

广义δ规避策略下的两值期权定价研究

在离散时间场合和不存在交易成本假设下,提出了期权定价的平均自融资极小方差规避策略,得到了含有残差风险的两值看涨期权价格满足的偏微分方程和相应的两值期权定价公式。通过用数值分析来比较新的期权定价模型与经典的期权定价模型,发现投资者的风险偏好和标度对期权定价有重要影响。由此说明,考虑残差风险对两值期权定价研究具有重要的理论和实际意义。     

广义δ规避策略下的两值期权定价研究

在离散时间场合和不存在交易成本假设下,提出了期权定价的平均自融资极小方差规避策略,得到了含有残差风险的两值看涨期权价格满足的偏微分方程和相应的两值期权定价公式。通过用数值分析来比较新的期权定价模型与经典的期权定价模型,发现投资者的风险偏好和标度对期权定价有重要影响。由此说明,考虑残差风险对两值期权定价研究具有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Estudio numérico-experimental de la interfaz hormigón-epoxi-FRP para una estructura reforzada sometida a doble corte

The strengthening of concrete structures with laminates of carbon fibers CFRP (Carbon Fibers Reinforced Polymer) began in the 1980's. Nowdays, this technology is one of the most promising one because of the good mechanical properties of laminates and their easy hand-work. Laminates are bonded to the concrete structure by means of epoxy resins. The load-carrying capacity of the strengthening depends directly on the proper behavior of the interface laminate-concrete. While the concrete is capable of transferring stresses to the laminate, this one becomes in charge and collaborates to the strength mechanism of the structure. The safety factor of the reinforcement can be guaranteed if we can predict the behavior at the interface between both materials. In this work we present a pure shear test and a simulation three-dimensional to characterize the behavior of the interface between the laminate and the concrete.     

中国福利彩票销售额影响因素分析与基于残差主成分分析的预测

本文应用多元回归分析的方法讨论了中国各省份福利彩票销售额与国民经济、就业人员和职工工资、财政、固定资产投资、人民生活这五个大类中的22个预测变量之间的相关关系,找出了对彩票销售额有显著性影响的变量,此外我们发现,不同年份的数据所得到的残差存在强相关性,本文利用主成分分析的观点提取出了不同年份残差中的公共信息,最后得出彩票销售额的预测方程,利用上述方程对2007年各省份的彩票销售额进行预测,并与真实的销售额数据进行对比,获得了较小的平均相对预报误差.这说明本文所建立的模型确实可以对中国的福利彩票销售额进行有效的预测.     

The Effect of an Active Diluent on the Properties of Epoxy Resin and Unidirectional Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Plastics

The influence of an active diluent on the properties of an epoxy matrix and carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRP) is investigated. The physicomechanical properties of an ED-20 epoxy resin modified with diglycidyl ether of diethylene glycol (DEG-1), the adhesion strength at the epoxy matrix–steel wire interface, and the mechanical properties of unidirectional CFRP are determined. The concentration of DEG-1 was varied from 0 to 50 wt.%. The properties of the matrix, the interface, and the composites are compared. It is stated that the matrix strength affects the strength of unidirectional CFRP in bending and not their strength in tension, compression, and shear. The latter fact seems somewhat unexpected. The interlaminar fracture toughness of the composites investigated correlates with the ultimate elongation of the binder. A comparison between the concentration dependences of adhesion strength and the strength of CFRP shows that the matrices utilized provide such a high interfacial strength that the strength of CFRP no longer depends on the adhesion of its constituents.     

Bond-slip behavior of CFRP plate-concrete interface

The paper deals with evaluation of the bond performance between a CFRP plate and concrete with respect to various compressive strengths of concrete and bond lengths of the CFRP plate as parameters. To consider stress conditions in the tensile zone of reinforced concrete (RC) structures, double-lap axial tension tests were conducted for eight specimens with CFRP plates bonded to concrete prisms. In addition, a simple linear bond-slip model for the CFRP plate/concrete joints, developed from the bond tests, was used. To verify the model proposed, a total of seven RC beams were strengthened with CFRP plates and tested in flexure employing various bond lengths, strengthening methods, and numbers of CFRP plates. A nonlinear finite-element analysis, with the bond–slip model incorporated in the DIANA program, was performed for the strengthened RC beams. Also, the results of flexural test and analytical predictions are found to be in close agreement in terms of yield and ultimate loads and ductility.     

Modeling of the material removal and heat affected zone formation in CFRP short pulsed laser processing

Short pulsed laser milling is a novel method to process the carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) which has bad machinability. This paper presents a numerical model studying the material removal mechanism of CFRP laser milling. It is confirmed by both the experiment and the simulation that laser ablation and mechanical erosion caused by the polymer pyrolysis are all involved in the material removal. Because the heating and cooling rate in short pulsed laser milling is high, ablation of two adjacent laser pulses almost has little influence on each other. By conducting the parametric analysis, it was found that the spacing distance under which the matrix between two adjacent laser pulses was completely degraded should be adopted to utilize the mechanical erosion effectively. Laser milling experiments of CFRP laminates were performed using a nanosecond pulsed laser system. The established model could predict the average ablation depth per scanning pass at an optimal spacing distance.