Multi-function Device Based on Two Terahertz Optical Asymmetric Demutiplexers

1IntroductionWthincreasngrequlremnt0ftheinteractive,flekibleandbroadbandcomrnunicati0nservices,thebandwidth0fthenetw0rkseemsneverwideenaph.S0timed0main0pticalsignalproceSSngtechniqueis0fwoldwideint...t[lJ.Thenextgeneratdri0fhighsPeedopticaltime-dhashamultiPleking(rm)netw0rkswtl1relygreatlyonall-oPticalsignalPforessing['].Cforkrecovryanddatademultiplexare0fgreatimportanceinhigh-speedtransndSSdri8yStem.ffefar,a200Gbsreturnt0-zero(RZ)generati0n,transAnssdrianddemulplekingsystemhasbeendemons…     

Optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexed transmission using all‐optical discrete Fourier transform

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) can provide spectrally efficient communication channels because it can utilize carrier orthogonality and various impairment mitigation methods. An optical OFDM signal can be generated electronically to multiplex lower‐rate carriers. In recent advancements, OFDM signals are also shown to be generated and demultiplexed by all‐optical discrete Fourier transform (DFT), overcoming the speed limit of electronics for >Tbps capacity. High‐performance DFT devices, such as arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) or planar lightwave circuit (PLC), are critically required to obtain strong orthogonality for scalable all‐optical OFDM (AO‐OFDM) system implementations. Advanced techniques such as coherent modulation and detection with digital impairment mitigation are also important for long‐reach AO‐OFDM transmissions. More recently, optical superchannel schemes have been introduced utilizing coherent detection for multi‐Tbps AO‐OFDM transmissions. This paper reviews the device and system aspects for the AO‐OFDM technology, including a generalized theoretical model to provide an indepth understanding.     

多波长光交叉连接节点中的串扰研究

密集波分复用技术(DWDM)在提供传输能力的同时,还具有无可比拟的联网优势.光交叉连接(OXC)是其中的关键技术.由于OXC可对光波长进行全光的交叉连接,极大的提高了系统的容量.但由于在光链路上没有电的再生,使得噪音在光信道上积累起来,尤其是引入无法消除的同频串扰对系统造成了严重的影响.本文从全光通信网络(AON)的几种节点结构出发,讨论了信道的串扰机制,并对如何优化OXC节点结构进行了研究.     

基于电润湿微棱镜技术的可调光衰减器特性分析

利用电控改变固液界面湿润角的电润湿微棱镜(EMPs)技术以及双自聚焦透镜组合设计了一类新颖的可调光衰减器,并对该衰减器的衰减性能进行了原理分析和实验测量.理论分析和实验结果表明其具有良好的光衰减控制效应,在不大的电压变化范围(例如135—139V)内即可实现2—60dB的光衰减范围.该器件构思新颖,具有结构简单、容易制作的优点,经过优化后将会在光通信领域得到广泛的应用.缺点是工作电压偏高,需要进一步筛选出介电系数高的物质来作为介电绝缘层材料,以便降低工作电压,达到实际可以使用的目的. 关键词： 微流控光学 电湿效应 可调光衰减器 电润湿微棱镜     

Design of wavelength adjustable lasers with photonic crystal based Fabry-Perot etalon for applications in optical network units of wavelength-division-multiplexed passive optical network systems

We propose a novel wavelength adjustable laser (WAL) with a photonic crystal based Fabry-Perot (FP) etalon. This laser will be a promising light source for optical network units (ONUs) of conventional wavelength-division-multiplexed passive optical network (WDM-PON) systems for up-stream transmission. It has the merits of a relatively simple fabrication and operation, wide process tolerance, low-cost, high side-mode suppression ratio, and wavelength-tunable characteristics. The optimization of the device structure and the implementation methods for this type of laser are discussed. Although the WALs in WDM-PON systems are not colorless, each laser can cover several wavelengths. Thus, the required number of different ONUs can be reduced. This approach may be necessary for 10 Gbps upstream transmission in next-generation optical access networks because the 10 Gbps data rate is difficult to achieve by using current colorless schemes.     

Splitting-on-demand optical power splitters using multimode interference (MMI) waveguide with programmed modulations

Reconfigurable multi-channel optical power splitter is proposed and its optical properties are calculated. The device can dynamically reconfigure the number of splitting channels by providing programmed refractive index modulations on a multimode interference (MMI) waveguide. A reconfigurable 3-channel optical power splitter is designed to work as 1 × 1, 1 × 2 or 1 × 3 optical power splitter depending on the state of the heat electrodes using thermo-optic modulation, and the input light can be distributed to three output channels with sequential orders. The device can work in the whole C-band (1530-1565 nm) with extinction ratio better than −29.0 dB, excess loss better than −0.45 dB, imbalance better than 0.08 dB and polarization dependent loss (PDL) better than 0.14 dB. The design conception is scalable to a multi-channel splitting-on-demand optical power splitter which can divide input light to 1, 2, …, N output channels equally by using the 3-channel reconfigurable optical power splitter as a building block.     

一种抗尺度畸变的光学相关图像识别技术

为提高光学相关图像识别的准确度和抗畸变能力,引入多重复合匹配滤波器概念,探讨一种新的识别思路。它融合了综合鉴别函数和K-L变换的经典思想,改善了单个匹配滤波器动态范围太小的状况,对图像尺度变换有较宽的适应范围,从而提高了光学模式识别系统的识别效率。仿真结果表明,对尺度缩小1/2的情况,采用此思路可使其滤波的刷新速度比常规方法提高4倍,从而验证了算法的有效性和可行性。     

用阶跃有效折射率模型研究光子晶体光纤色散特性

在采用阶跃有效折射率模型研究光子晶体光纤的可行性方面，提出了将普通单模光纤、色散位移光纤、色散平坦光纤作为一定极限条件下的折射率引导型光子晶体光纤特例的观点.通过编程计算，并与文献报道的实验数据对比，表明应用本模型可以揭示光子晶体光纤所具有的奇异的色散机理.特别是应用本模型具有更快的计算速度.还用本模型分析了空气孔直径、周期及芯径对色散特性的影响. 关键词： 折射率引导型光子晶体光纤 阶跃有效折射率模型 色散     

Thermally- or optically-biased memristive switching in two-terminal VO2 devices

We investigated thermally- or optically-biased memristive switching in two-terminal micro devices based on vanadium dioxide (VO₂) thin films. For the preparation of multi-level resistance switching, the device was kept at a specific temperature or an optical illumination power so that it fell into the thermal or optical hysteresis region of the device resistance during the switching. With the application of external current pulses, the device resistance decreased in a discrete manner showing multiple resistance levels, each of which was maintained as long as the temperature (or optical) bias excited the device. In particular, in the optically-biased case, the effect of the pulse-free interval between current pulses on the device resistance was also examined with respect to three intervals including 10, 15, and 30 s. It was observed that a longer pulse-free interval and higher optical bias reduced the rate of current-induced change in the device resistance. Finally, in order to explore a trend of grain resistance change in the VO₂-based device, we carefully suggested a grain network model explaining a percolative transition in inhomogeneous VO₂ film.     

三阶多粒度光交叉连接的优化设计研究

在采用密集波分复用技术的骨干网中,通过建立动态多粒度业务模型对由大粒度（光纤和波带）和小粒度（波长）组成的三阶多粒度光交叉连接所构成的节点的网络特性（阻塞概率和带宽阻塞比）进行了研究和仿真分析，并由此对三阶多粒度节点的结构参数和网络中的系统参数进行了优化设计.从仿真结果可以看出，所提出来的优化设计方案能够显著的减少节点结构的复杂度并改善阻塞性能，从而减小了网络中设备的规模和成本.     

Superluminal optical soliton via resonant tunneling in coupled quantum dots

We demonstrate the formation of superluminal optical soliton in an symmetry semiconductor double quantum dot (QD) driven coherently by a weak pulsed laser using the tunnel coupling. It is shown that the group velocity of the soliton can be larger than the vacuum light speed c, i.e., superluminal soliton can be produced. The results obtained can be used for the development of new types of nanoelectronic devices for realizing high-speed optical modulation and rapidly responding quantum switching.     

非对称型光学交错梳状滤波器

提出了一种基于Gires-Tournois腔的非对称型光学交错梳状滤波器。理论上,通过调整两个波片的偏振延迟和Gires-Tournois腔的反射率,可以获得任意光谱带宽比的非对称型交错梳状滤波器件。分别对输出带宽比M=1∶3和M=1∶7的非对称型交错梳状滤波器的输出进行了数值模拟,确定两个波片的延迟和Gires-Tournois腔的反射率。分别设计和研制出了输出光谱带宽比M=1∶3和M=1∶7的器件,其中M=1∶3器件的两个输出通道的3 dB带宽分别为0.385 nm和1.161 nm,比值为M=1∶3.02,M=1∶7器件的两个输出通道的3 dB带宽分别为0.191 nm和1.331 nm比值M=1∶6.75。实验结果(光谱带宽比)与设计要求基本符合。     

ZnO/Ag/ZnO multilayer transparent electrode for highly-efficient ITO-Free polymer solar cells

Ultrathin metal film (UTMF) with a ZnO/Ag/ZnO hybrid structure was used as transparent electrode in a high-efficiency bulk heterojunction system for the fabrication of ITO-free polymer solar cells. The performance of the devices was carefully tuned through optical simulation using transfer matrix method by varying the thickness of ZnO seed layer and thin absorber layer. By employing appropriate device architecture, polymer solar cells fabricated using this UTMF-based electrode show efficiency as high as 9.49%, which is slightly higher compared to that of ITO-based device. From good agreement between the external quantum efficiency and optical modeling, it was found that the optimized microcavity configuration formed in UTMF-based device can greatly enhance the absorbance of the BHJ layer at longer wavelength as well as the favored exciton distribution for better charge transport and collection.     

Modeling and simulation of long reach high speed inter-satellite link (ISL)

A hybrid OFDM–IsOWC system incorporating diverse modulation schemes like optical double side band (ODSB), optical tandem side band (OTSB) and optical single side band (OSSB) is carried out to optimize a long reach high speed inter-satellite link (ISL) with acceptable SNR and BER. The proposed system is also reported under the influence of antenna efficiency and pointing error at varied values of power levels. Simulations point toward that the proposed hybrid OFDM–OSSB–IsOWC transmission system promises significantly enhanced ISL link compared to conventional IsOWC systems.     

Evaluation of current and temperature effects on optical performance of InGaAlP thin-film SMD LED mounted on different substrate packages

The relationship between the photometric, electric, and thermal parameters of light-emitting diodes(LEDs) is important for optimizing the LED illumination design. Indium gallium aluminium phosphide(InGaAlP)-based thin-film surface-mounted device(SMD) LEDs have attracted wide attention in research and development due to their portability and miniaturization. We report the optical characterization of InGaAlP thin-film SMD LED mounted on FR4, 2 W, and 5 W aluminum(Al) packages. The optical and thermal parameters of LED are determined at different injection currents and ambient temperatures by combining the T3ster(thermal transient tester) and TeraL ED(thermal and radiometric characterization of power LEDs) systems. Analysis shows that LED on a 5 W Al substrate package obtains the highest luminous and optical efficiency.     

光码分多址并行图像传输系统的最佳光正交签名图形构造

图像传输和接入要求系统的吞吐量超过Gb/s,若采用常规光码分多址系统来实现图像传输,对光电器件的要求高、实现难度大,解决方案是采用光码分多址并行图像传输系统.针对并行图像传输的签名序列是一种二维光正交签名图形,是一种全新形式的签名码,构造最大容量的光正交签名图形(最佳光正交签名图形)的方法很少这一问题,提出一种区组设计构造算法.算法的思想是根据差集合和光正交码的关系,将差集合和区组设计的概念推广到二维空间,根据二维差集合和光正交签名图形的关系从而构造出最佳光正交签名图形.详细阐述了构造最佳光正交签名图形的步骤,对算法进行了仿真.仿真结果说明该算法可以有效地构造出最佳光正交签名图形.     

基于表面等离子体共振增强的硅基锗金属-半导体-金属光电探测器的设计研究

金属-半导体-金属光电探测器的光栅结构可激发表面等离子体, 有效增强探测器的吸收. 为深入研究器件结构对于表面等离子体的激发及共振增强的影响, 本文提出了一种具有超薄有源层的硅基锗金属-半导体-金属光电探测器的设计方法. 采用时域有限差分的方法详细分析了光栅周期、光栅厚度、 光栅间距及有源层厚度对于表面等离子体共振增强器件性能的影响, 通过仿真模拟获得了器件的最佳结构, 详细地分析了各个界面激发的表面等离子体及其共振模式对于光谱吸收增强的机理. 仿真结果表明, 有源层锗的厚度为400nm的超薄器件在通信波段具有较高的吸收, 尤其在1550nm波长处器件的归一化的光谱吸收率可以高达53.77%, 增强因子达7.22倍. 利用共振效应能够极大地提高高速器件的光电响应, 为解决光电探测器响应度与响应速度之间的相互制约关系提供了有效途径. 关键词： 表面等离子体 锗探测器 时域有限差分仿真     

可调光衰减器的光衰减量线性补偿

设计制成一种数字化电磁驱动微机械MOEMS可调光衰减器.与传统可调光衰减器相比,该器件不仅可实现光衰减量数字化电控调节,并且可通过器件结构的优化设计,对光衰减量的非线性进行补偿,最终得到线性衰减.器件性能测试表明,插入损耗IL＜0.3 dB,偏振相关损耗PDL＜0.1 dB,波长相关损耗WDL＜0.2 dB,衰减范围0～40 dB,回波损耗RL＞50 dB.     

高速OCDM系统中的全光阈值技术分析

分析了高速OCDM系统中基于非线性光学环境(NOLM)和非线性放大(NALM)环境的全光阈值技术。考虑了NOLM环境输入脉冲峰值功率对其阈值判决功能的影响,数值模拟了由高非线性光纤构成的NOLM和NALM环境的脉冲整形和旁瓣抑制功能,并和实验结果进行了比较。结果表明基于NOLM和NALM环境的全光阈值技术都能有效地抑制40 Gbit/s的OCDM系统中的干扰噪声,最优的NOLM环境的脉冲峰值输入功率为2 W,而NALM环境只需要mW量级的脉冲峰值输入功率即能够更好地抑制干扰噪声。     

CRT－LCLV and photorefractive crystl BSO based real－time joint transform correlator

ＣＲＴ－ＬＣＬＶａｎｄｐｈｏｔｏｒｅｆｒａｃｔｉｖｅｃｒｙｓｔａｌＢＳＯｂａｓｅｄｒｅａｌ－ｔｉｍｅｊｏｉｎｔｔｒａｎｓｆｏｒｍｃｏｒｒｅｌａｔｏｒＦＵＸｉａｏｌｉ；ＬＩＹｕｌｉｎ；ＺＨＡＮＧＨａｉ；ＷＡＮＧＤａｙｏｎｇ（ＸｉａｎＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏ...