绿色植被红边特征的研究（英文）

通过系统分析绿色植被在紫外可见波段光谱的产生机理,得出绿峰和红边是由叶绿素产生的。从叶绿素的结构上看,它属于卟啉类化合物,为了进一步探究红边产生的机理,合成了四苯基卟啉、四(4-甲氧基苯基)卟啉、四(4-磺酸钠苯基)卟啉、四吡啶基卟啉、四甲基卟啉、四(4-甲氧基苯基)卟啉合锌和四(4-甲氧基苯基)卟啉合铜,并采用紫外可见光谱、红外及核磁进行表征。通过对其紫外可见光谱的系统分析,提出"红边"不仅限于叶绿素,而是卟啉类化合物特有的光谱特征,红边是由卟啉环a2u(π)-eg(π*)跃迁产生的Q带所致。其位置不仅与卟啉的浓度相关,与卟啉化合物外侧取代基类型也有关系,金属卟啉对红边的位置影响较大。     

多注速调管π模双间隙腔截止波导输出回路研究

 用数值模拟的方法研究了多注速调管π模双间隙腔加载截止波导两节滤波器型输出回路的特性，并重点研究了π模双间隙腔与截止段的耦合结构对输出腔间隙阻抗频率特性的影响，以及耦合接头和电容性销钉对截止波导滤波器的调谐作用。研究结果表明：π模双间隙腔连接截止波导段的耦合口的尺寸主要影响输出腔的外观品质因数，而耦合接头的粗细和电容性销钉的大小和插入深度对截止波导滤波器的调谐具有重要影响。另外，由于耦合接头相当于在截止段中引入了一个附加电感，这使滤波器谐振电路的品质因数变大，谐振峰变窄。因此，π模双间隙腔加载截止波导滤波器型输出回路并不比单间隙腔加载截止波导滤波器型输出回路有更好的带宽优势。     

侧基对π-π耦合双分子结电输运性质的影响

从第一性原理出发，利用杂化密度泛函理论，结合弹性散射格林函数方法，我们研究了侧基对OPE（Oligophenyleneethynylene）双分子结电输运性质以及两分子间的π-π耦合作用的影响。研究表明，苯环上的侧基影响了两分子间的π-π耦合强度。当侧基为氧甲基时，侧基提高了分子间的π-π耦合作用，促进了分子间电荷的传输。当侧基为叔丁基时，侧基降低了π-π耦合作用，不利于分子间电荷的传输。理论计算结果解释了实验结果。     

侧基对π-π耦合双分子结电输运性质的影响

从第一性原理出发，利用杂化密度泛函理论，结合弹性散射格林函数方法，我们研究了侧基对OPE（Oligophenyleneethynylene）双分子结电输运性质以及两分子间的π-π耦合作用的影响。研究表明，苯环上的侧基影响了两分子间的π-π耦合强度。当侧基为氧甲基时，侧基提高了分子间的π-π耦合作用，促进了分子间电荷的传输。当侧基为叔丁基时，侧基降低了π-π耦合作用，不利于分子间电荷的传输。理论计算结果解释了实验结果。     

耦合双π环的自发磁化

分析和计算了耦合双π环的自由能，结果表明当两个π环自发磁化方向相反时系统的能量较低，还证明了反向自发磁化是来自量子效应. 关键词： 耦合双π环 反向自发磁化 自由能     

四苯基卟啉类化合物电子光谱和三阶非线性光学性质的理论研究

在B3LYP/6-31+G~*水平计算四个5,10,15,20-四苯基卟啉类化合物的电子光谱和三阶非线性光学性质.结果表明,电子的最大吸收波长在580nm左右,属于可见光区,源于卟啉内HOMO到LUMO的π→π*的电子跃迁.供电子基团的引入将增加电子云密度,致使三阶非线性光学性质增大.吸电子基的引入使卟啉环上的电子云密度减小,导致三阶非线性光学性质减小.含双键或三键的吸电子基团使电子云密度增大,致使三阶非线性光学性质增大.     

气液界面超分子手性分布的原位二次谐波研究

界面超分子手性因其在材料、催化、生物等领域的应用前景得到了人们的广泛关注。卟啉(porphyrin)衍生物因具有强的π-π堆垛能力、生物兼容性和出色的电子性能,常用于构建界面超分子结构。卟啉衍生物的表面超分子手性研究多数在固体基底上进行。利用二次谐波线二色谱方法分析卟啉衍生物在空气/水界面形成的超分子结构,通过界面层不同位置处产生的S偏振二次谐波强度随入射基频光偏振态的变化研究界面超分子结构的手性分布。实验表明,卟啉衍生物TPPS吸附在两亲分子CTAB在空气/水界面上形成的单层后会形成超分子结构,该结构具有手性,且手性的二维分布是非均匀的。     

单核铁双卟啉配合物的可见光谱及其构象

合成了一系列不同长度柔韧烷氧链相连的单核铁双卟啉配合物，观察了轴向配体咪唑加入其氯仿溶液前后的可见光谱的变化，结果表明，在波长６８０ｎｍ处，吸收峰强度与开放式和闭合式构象的平衡有关，随着烷氧链长度的增加，单核铁双卟啉配合物在溶液中的构象平衡由开放式向闭合式移动。     

乙酰丙酮－5，10，15，20－四－对氯苯基卟啉稀土配合物表面光电压谱的研究

采用表面光电压谱法（ＳＰＳ）对乙酰雨酮－５，１０，１５，２０－四－对氯苯基卟啉稀土配合物Ｌｎ（ｐ－Ｃｌ）ＴＰＰａｃａｃ和卟啉配体进行了研究，并对谱带的归属和光电压产生的机制进行了探讨。发现配合物的光伏响应明显小于配体的光伏响应，且随中心离子的不同，其响应也不同。在配合物的ＳＰＳ谱中，除了可看到由配体Ｂ带和Ｑ带吸收所产生的谱带以外，在３００～３５０ｎｍ区出现了一明显的光伏响应带，随稀土中心离子（４ｆ电子数）不同，此光伏响应强度也不同，且随４ｆ电子数而呈规律性的变化。这个谱带可能是由π－π（Ｎ带）跃迁产生的。     

探讨测量液体表面张力系数的优化方法

针对用拉脱法测液体表面张力系数的系统误差较大的系列问题,提出了自动降拉双π丝补偿法.用自动化降拉代替手动提拉,提高了操作过程的稳定性;用双π丝代替π丝,消除了拉膜丝的不光滑点;用突变初态和补偿态作为测量状态,有效地排除了浮力、膜重以及侧丝上的表面张力对实验结果的影响.自动降拉双π丝补偿法得到的实验结果,其精度比拉脱法提高3%.     

DNA Binding and Photocleavage Study of Cationic Metalloporphyrins by Spectral Methods

The DNA binding and photocleavage specificities of the Zn(II), Cu(II), Co(III), Mn(III) complexes of 5,10,15-tris(1-methylpyridinium-4-yl)-20-(4-propionoxyphenyl)porphyrin have been studied by using a combination of absorption, fluorescence titration, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), induced circular dichroism (ICD) spectroscopy, thermal DNA denaturation as well as gel electrophoresis experiment. It is found that Cu(II) porphyrin has comparable binding ability with the free base porphyrin while the axial-coordinated Zn(II), Co(III), and Mn(III) porphyrins have lower K_b because of the molecular steric hindrance. However, those metalloporphyrins with lower K_b have similar DNA cleavage efficiencies with the free base porphyrin. This could be best understood by the enhancement of the ¹O₂ productivity which may also result from the steric hindrance of the axial-coordinated metalloporphyrins.     

驱动四苯基卟啉锌(Ⅱ)-咪唑基尾式卟啉铁(Ⅲ)超分子自组装的配位键:荧光光谱和1H NMR谱的研究

以荧光光谱和1HNMR谱研究了驱动四苯基卟啉锌 (Ⅱ ) [Zn(TPP) ] 咪唑基尾式卟啉铁 (Ⅲ ) [Fe(p ImEPTPP)Cl]超分子自组装的配位键。研究表明 ,Fe(p ImEPTPP)Cl加入到Zn(TPP)二氯甲烷溶液引起的荧光猝灭是前者的尾端咪唑基配位到后者中心离子Zn2 的结果。在Zn(TPP) /Fe(p ImEPTPP)Cl体系中分别加入哌啶、咪唑和吡啶等Lewis碱后荧光光谱变化提供了配位键生成的进一步证据。Zn(TPP) /Fe(p ImEPTPP)Cl体系的1HNMR谱中的咪唑基质子化学位移的变化 ,再次证明了配位键的生成     

5,10,15-三(五氟苯基)Corrole及其相似卟啉化合物的光物理特性

采用稳态和时间分辨的瞬态光谱技术对比研究了一种Corrole化合物5,10,15-三(五氟苯基)Corrole(FtsTPC)和一种卟啉化合物5,10,15,20-四(五氟苯基)卟啉(F20TPP)的光物理特性.结果表明:F15TPC的B带吸收峰较宽而F20TPP的强而窄,F15TPC的Q带有两个吸收峰而F20TPP有四个.F15TPC的荧光量子产率为0.15,荧光寿命为4.8 ns,F20TPP的荧光量子产率为0.05,荧光寿命为11.1 ns;与F20TPP相比F15TPC具有发光效率高、荧光寿命短的特点.F15TPC具有较大的发光速率常数和无辐射跃迁速率常数,这可能是由于F15TPC少了一个氟代苯基,致使其发色团本身的电子结构发生变化所致.另外空间结构的不对称性和非共面性也对其光物理性质有影响.     

基于卟啉化合物的异质结有机太阳能电池

采用混合溶剂制备了四苯基卟啉(TPP)及其铜配合物(TPPCu)和氯化对甲氧基四苯基铁卟啉(TMPPFeCl),将三种卟啉化合物和富勒烯的衍生物(PCBM)分别共混,制备异质结太阳能电池。器件结构是ITO/porphyrin∶PCBM/Al,研究此类电池的性能。结果显示基于TPP∶PCBM的器件性能最优,其短路电流密度(JSC)是0.98mA.cm-2,开路电压(VOC)是0.52V,填充因子(FF)为30.1%。TPP是三种卟啉化合物中最佳的给体材料。进而考察了TPP∶PCBM的不同浓度配比对器件性能的影响。TPP∶PCBM的最佳浓度配比为1∶1,增加或减少TPP的量都会使器件的短路电流和开路电压降低,对填充因子的影响不大。     

Synthesis and Spectral Characteristics for Zinc Tetraphenylporphyrin Modified Zinc Oxide NanowiresSynthesis and Spectral Characteristics for Zinc Tetraphenylporphyrin Modified Zinc Oxide Nanowires

A nest-like architectures(ZnO NAs)were prepared onto the conductive glass(ITO)by hydrothermal method.A metal-free porphyrin,tetraphenylporphyrin(H2TPP),was synthesized via Adler method.Zn ions with Zn-unsaturated coordination bonds on the surface of ZnO NAs were used as a template,and also H2TPP was used as"molecular fragments".Zinc tetraphenylporphyrin(ZnTPP)molecules were obtained on the surface of ZnO NAs by in-situ method.ZnO NAs direct provides of zinc source makes ZnTPP stably coated on the surface of ZnO NAs nanosheet,formed a tight composite materials(ZnTPP/ZnO NAs).Due toZnTPP with four phenyls in meso position,the surface of ZnTPP/ZnO NAs was with hydrophobic property.In the photocatalytic experiment,the degradation selectivity for phenol(hydrophobicity)in the mixture of phenol and rhodamine B(hydrophily)was increased under visible irradiation.     

两种新型对称卟啉的合成及紫外可见光谱特性研究

本文采用一种新型的合成方法合成了两种新型对称卟啉meso-四（对苯甲酰胺基苯基）卟啉和meso－四（邻苯甲酰胺基苯基）卟啉,用元素分析,红外光谱,核磁共振谱对两种卟啉进行了表征,并对其紫外可见光谱特性进行了研究。     

Solar cells based on the poly(N-vinylcarbazole):porphyrin: tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato) aluminium blend system

Organic solar cells based on poly(N-vinylcarbazole)(PVK):porphyrin:tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato) aluminium(Alq3) blend p-n junction systems have been fabricated in this work.The roles of the different components in the blend system and of the amount of porphyrin have been investigated.The 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin(TPP) and 5,10,15,20-tetra(o-chloro)phenylporphyrinato-copper(CuTClPP) are used in the solar cells.The results show that TPP is better than CuTClPP in enhancing the performance of PVK:Alq3 solar cells.When the weight ratio of PVK:TPP:Alq3 is 1:1.5:1,the best performance of solar cell is obtained.The open circuit voltage(V oc) is 0.87 V,and the short circuit current(J sc) is 17.5 μA·cm 2.In the ternary bulk hereojunction system,the device may be regarded as a cascade of three devices of PVK:TPP,TPP:Alq3 and PVK:Alq3.PVK,TPP and Alq3 can improve the hole mobility,light absorption intensity and electron mobility of the ternary bulk hereojunction system,respectively.     

Porphyrin effect on the surface morphology of amphiphilic polymers as observed by atomic force microscopy

Complexes of porphyrin photosensitizers (PPS) with triblock copolymers of ethylene- and propylene oxide – Pluronics^® – exhibit markedly increased activity in the generation of singlet oxygen in aqueous media, as compared to pure porphyrins. Pluronics are amphiphilic polymers with surfactant properties suitable for a number of medical applications. PPS–Pluronic systems are considered as promising agents for photodynamic therapy which implies generation of singlet oxygen in the water-based human tissue.Importantly, Pluronics are capable of solubilization of not only water-soluble, but also hydrophobic PPS providing their transfer into the aqueous phase. It has been shown earlier that specific interactions of PPS with Pluronics must play a primary role for the photocatalytic properties of PPS–Pluronic systems. In the process of solubilization of a hydrophobic porphyrin by a Pluronic, both components are dissolved in an organic solvent, which is then removed, and the dry film is re-dissolved in water. Apparently, the initial binding between the porphyrin and the lipophilic part of the polymer takes place already at the stage of the film formation.We applied atomic force microscopy (AFM) to visualize structures formed by Pluronics upon their interactions with meso-tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP). We studied the surface structure of Pluronics^® F87, F108 and F127 crystallized alone or together with TPP on silicon substrates from chloroform solutions. We found Pluronics to form similar dendritic structures independently of their molecular weight and degree of hydrophobicity. In the presence of TPP, though, we observed formation of distinct convex structures on top of the Pluronic dendrites. These structures appeared to consist of multiple flat layers placed on top of each other. Their sizes varied among the three Pluronics. We believe that TPP aggregates interact with the hydrophobic units of Pluronics causing the polymer chains to pack themselves in a distinct manner around those TPP-containing “cores”. These interactions apparently direct formation of complexes between the porphyrin and the polymer upon their dissolution in water, thus resulting in the encapsulation of TPP aggregates inside a Pluronic micelle. A single mechanism for the TPP solubilization by Pluronics is consistent with the same catalytic activity of the three TPP–Pluronic systems observed in the photooxidation of tryptophan.     

卟啉类的发光与光电压谱

自从1934年,Robinowitch观察到了叶绿索的发光性质,Stern等人对卟啉类的电子光谱作了系统研究之后,卟啉类的发光越来越受到人们的重视。如所周知,自然界中广泛存在的叶绿素、人体内的氯化血红素、维生素B12等都具有卟啉的基本骨架结构。鉴于卟啉类化合物在生物化学、药物(特别是抗癌药物)、表面活性剂、催化剂和发光材料等方面的应用价值,近年来该领域的研究仍十分活跃。本工作的目的是测定meso—四苯基卟啉(TPP)、meso—四—(4-N)吡啶基卟啉(TPyP)以其Cu(Ⅱ),Zn(Ⅱ)络合物,在氯仿溶液中的吸收光谱、荧光光踏。也测定了叶绿素-a(Chl-a)、脱镁叶绿素-a(Phn-a)、Cu(Ⅱ)与Zn(Ⅱ)置换的脱镁叶绿素-a(Cu-Phn-a与Zn-Phn-a)在丙酮溶液中的吸收光谱、荧光光谱。同时,测定了这些卟啉类化合物的固体试样的光电压谱。企图通过这种比较研究,寻找光电压谱和吸收光谱、荧光光谱之间的关系,分析过渡金属离子与卟啉环上π电子之间的强相互作用对电子能级的影响。     

卟啉和钌二元体的超快能量转移

采用超快时间分辨的荧光光谱技术测量了一种由柔性链连接的卟啉-钌二元体分子内的能量转移动力学过程.通过在钌的吸收峰(～453nm)对二元体进行光激发,实验上观测到了从钌基团到卟啉基团的超快能量转移过程(～400ps).而在卟啉的吸收峰(～400nm)对二元体进行光激发,实验上没有观测到从卟啉基团到钌基团的能量转移.采用Frster理论对二元体系能量转移过程的产生机理进行了分析,结果表明,钌和卟啉之间的能量转移来源于基于光谱重叠的偶极-偶极相互作用. 关键词： 卟啉-钌二元体 能量转移 超快激光光谱技术