Controlling chaos based on an adaptive adjustment mechanism

In this paper, we extend the ideas and techniques developed by Huang [Huang W. Stabilizing nonlinear dynamical systems by an adaptive adjustment mechanism. Phys Rev E 2000;61:R1012–5] for controlling discrete-time chaotic system using adaptive adjustment mechanism to continuous-time chaotic system. Two control approaches, namely adaptive adjustment mechanism (AAM) and modified adaptive adjustment mechanism (MAAM), are investigated. In both case sufficient conditions for the stabilization of chaotic systems are given analytically. The simulation results on Chen chaotic system have verified the effectiveness of the proposed techniques.     

Adaptive feedback control for a class of chaotic systems

In this paper, the problem of control for a class of chaotic systems is considered. The nonlinear functions of chaotic systems are not necessarily to satisfy the Lipsichtz conditions, but bounded by a polynomial with the gains unknown. Employing adaptive method, the corresponding controller which renders the closed-loop system asymptotically stable is constructed. The designed controller is robust with respect to certain class of disturbances in the chaotic systems. Simulations on unified chaotic systems and Arneodo chaotic system are performed and the results verify the validity of the proposed techniques.     

Adaptive reduced-order anti-synchronization of chaotic systems with fully unknown parameters

In this paper, we investigate the reduced-order anti-synchronization of uncertain chaotic systems. Based upon the parameters modulation and the adaptive control techniques, we show that dynamical evolution of third-order chaotic system can be anti-synchronized with the canonical projection of a fourth-order chaotic system even though their parameters are unknown. The techniques are successfully applied to two examples: hyperchaotic Lorenz system (fourth-order) and Lorenz system (third-order); Lü hyperchaotic system (fourth-order) and Chen system (third-order). Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations are shown to verify the results.     

Chaos reduced-order anti-synchronization of chaotic systems with fully unknown parameters

In this present paper, we elaborated the concept of the reduced-order anti-synchronization of uncertain chaotic systems. Based upon the parameters modulation and the adaptive control techniques, we show that dynamical evolution of third order chaotic system can be anti-synchronized with the projection of a fourth-order chaotic system even though their parameters are unknown. The techniques are successfully applied to several examples: hyperchaotic Chen system (fourth-order) and Lü system (third-order), theoretical analysis and numerical simulations are shown to verify the results.     

Switching adaptive controllers to control fractional‐order complex systems with unknown structure and input nonlinearities

This article investigates the chaos control problem for the fractional‐order chaotic systems containing unknown structure and input nonlinearities. Two types of nonlinearity in the control input are considered. In the first case, a general continuous nonlinearity input is supposed in the controller, and in the second case, the unknown dead‐zone input is included. In each case, a proper switching adaptive controller is introduced to stabilize the fractional‐order chaotic system in the presence of unknown parameters and uncertainties. The control methods are designed based on the boundedness property of the chaotic system's states, where, in the proposed methods the nonlinear/linear dynamic terms of the fractional‐order chaotic systems are assumed to be fully unknown. The analytical results of the mentioned techniques are proved by the stability analysis theorem of fractional‐order systems and the adaptive control method. In addition, as an application of the proposed methods, single input adaptive controllers are adopted for control of a class of three‐dimensional nonlinear fractional‐order chaotic systems. And finally, some numerical examples illustrate the correctness of the analytical results. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 21: 211–223, 2015     

Adaptive control of discrete-time chaotic systems: a fuzzy control approach

This paper discusses adaptive control of a class of discrete-time chaotic systems from a fuzzy control approach. Using the T–S model of discrete-time chaotic systems, an adaptive control algorithm is developed based on some conventional adaptive control techniques. The resulting adaptively controlled chaotic system is shown to be globally stable, and its robustness is discussed. A simulation example of the chaotic Henon map control is finally presented, to illustrate an application and the performance of the proposed control algorithm.     

Adaptive generalized function projective lag synchronization of different chaotic systems with fully uncertain parameters

In this paper, a novel projective synchronization scheme called adaptive generalized function projective lag synchronization (AGFPLS) is proposed. In the AGFPLS method, the states of two different chaotic systems with fully uncertain parameters are asymptotically lag synchronized up to a desired scaling function matrix. By means of the Lyapunov stability theory, an adaptive controller with corresponding parameter update rule is designed for achieving AGFPLS between two diverse chaotic systems and estimating the unknown parameters. This technique is employed to realize AGFPLS between uncertain Lü chaotic system and uncertain Liu chaotic system, and between Chen hyperchaotic system and Lorenz hyperchaotic system with fully uncertain parameters, respectively. Furthermore, AGFPLS between two different uncertain chaotic systems can still be achieved effectively with the existence of noise perturbation. The corresponding numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate the validity and robustness of the presented synchronization method.     

参数不确定非自治混沌系统的自适应指数同步

针对参数不确定非自治混沌系统,研究了指数同步问题。给出了自适应控制器的构造方法,并运用Lyapunov稳定性定理证明了在该控制器下的误差系统是指数稳定的,且可以通过调整控制参数控制同步时间。最后,利用MATLAB软件对两个含有不确定参数的非自治混沌系统进行了数值仿真,验证了所提出方法的有效性和正确性.     

Adaptive synchronization to a general non-autonomous chaotic system and its applications

In this paper, new adaptive synchronous criteria for a general class of n-dimensional non-autonomous chaotic systems with linear and nonlinear feedback controllers are derived. By suitable separation between linear and nonlinear terms of the chaotic system, the phenomenon of stable chaotic synchronization can be achieved using an appropriate adaptive controller of feedback signals. This method can also be generalized to a form for chaotic synchronization or hyper-chaotic synchronization. Based on stability theory on non-autonomous chaotic systems, some simple yet less conservative criteria for global asymptotic synchronization of the autonomous and non-autonomous chaotic systems are derived analytically. Furthermore, the results are applied to some typical chaotic systems such as the Duffing oscillators and the unified chaotic systems, and the numerical simulations are given to verify and also visualize the theoretical results.     

Adaptive synchronization of T–S fuzzy chaotic systems with unknown parameters

This paper presents a fuzzy model-based adaptive approach for synchronization of chaotic systems which consist of the drive and response systems. Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy model is employed to represent the chaotic drive and response systems. Since the parameters of the drive system are assumed unknown, we design the response system that estimates the parameters of the drive system by adaptive strategy. The adaptive law is derived to estimate the unknown parameters and its stability is guaranteed by Lyapunov stability theory. In addition, the controller in the response system contains two parts: one part that can stabilize the synchronization error dynamics and the other part that estimates the unknown parameters. Numerical examples, including Duffing oscillator and Lorenz attractor, are given to demonstrate the validity of the proposed adaptive synchronization approach.     

Synchronization of mechanical horizontal platform systems in finite time

The horizontal platform system (HPS) is a mechanical device that exhibits rich and chaotic dynamics. In this paper, the problem of finite-time synchronization of two non-autonomous chaotic HPSs is investigated. It is assumed that both drive and response systems are disturbed by model uncertainties, external disturbances and fully unknown parameters. Appropriate update laws are proposed to undertake the unknown parameters. Using the update laws and finite-time control theory, a robust adaptive controller is derived to synchronize the two uncertain HPSs in a given finite time. Subsequently, the effects of input nonlinearities are taken into account and a robust adaptive controller is introduced to synchronize the two uncertain HPSs within a finite time. The finite-time stability and convergence of the proposed schemes are analytically proved. Two illustrative examples are presented to show the robustness and applicability of the proposed adaptive finite-time control techniques.     

Connections among several chaos feedback control approaches and chaotic vibration control of mechanical systems

This study reveals the essential connections among several popular chaos feedback control approaches, such as delayed feedback control (DFC), stability transformation method (STM), adaptive adjustment method (AAM), parameter adjustment method, relaxed Newton method, and speed feedback control method (SFCM), etc. Meanwhile, the generality and practical applicability of these approaches are evaluated and compared. It is shown that for discrete chaotic maps, STM can be regarded as a kind of predictive feedback control, and AAM is actually a special case of STM which is merely effective for a particular dynamical system. The parameter adjustment method is only a different expression of the relaxed Newton method, and both of them represent just one search direction of STM, i.e., the gradient direction. Moreover, the intrinsic relation between the STM and SFCM for controlling the equilibrium of continuous autonomous systems is investigated, indicating that STM can be viewed as a special form of the SFCM. Finally, both the STM and SFCM are extended to control the chaotic vibrations of non-autonomous mechanical systems effectively.     

An asymmetric image cryptosystem based on the adaptive synchronization of an uncertain unified chaotic system and a cellular neural network

Chaotic dynamics provide a fast and simple means to create an excellent image cryptosystem, because it is extremely sensitive to initial conditions and system parameters, pseudorandomness, and non-periodicity. However, most chaos-based image encryption schemes are symmetric cryptographic techniques, which have been proven to be more vulnerable, compared to an asymmetric cryptosystem. This paper develops an asymmetric image cryptosystem, based on the adaptive synchronization of two different chaotic systems, namely a unified chaotic system and a cellular neural network. An adaptive controller with parameter update laws is formulated, using the Lyapunov stability theory, to asymptotically synchronize the two chaotic systems. The synchronization controller is embedded in the image cryptosystem and generates a pair of asymmetric keys, for image encryption and decryption. Using numerical simulations, three sets of experiments are conducted to evaluate the feasibility and reliability of the proposed chaos-based image cryptosystem.     

Adaptive fuzzy control for a class of chaotic systems with nonaffine inputs

A robust adaptive fuzzy control scheme is presented for a class of chaotic systems with nonaffine inputs, modeling uncertainties and external disturbances by using backstepping approach. Fuzzy logic systems (FLS) are employed to approximate the unknown parts of the virtual control and practical controls. The main characteristics of the scheme are that the number of the online adaptive parameters is no more than two times of the order of chaotic system and the tracking errors are guaranteed to be uniformly asymptotically stable with the aid of additional adaptive compensation terms. Lorenz system, Chen system, Lü system and Liu system are presented to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed control technique.     

Control and adaptive modified function projective synchronization of Liu chaotic dynamical system

In this work, the feedback control method is proposed to control the behaviour of Liu chaotic dynamical system. The controlled system is stable under some conditions on the parameters of the system determined by Routh-Hurwitz criterion. This paper also presents the adaptive modified function projective synchronization (AMFPS) between two identical Liu chaotic dynamical systems. Based on the Lyapunov stability theorem, adaptive control laws are designed to achieving the AMFPS. Finally, some numerical simulations are obtained to validate the proposed methods.     

Fast synchronization of non-identical chaotic modulation-based secure systems using a modified sliding mode controller

In this paper, a secure communication scheme based on chaotic modulation is proposed using a reversible process and a robust controller with efficient cost and complexity to synchronize two different chaotic systems. In the controller design, a sliding mode control with an adaptive rule is used for non-linear inputs. The adaptive rule is applied to ensure the synchronization when uncertainties, non-modeled dynamics or external distortions are at work. The message signal is recovered at the receiver using a recursive process at the end. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is confirmed via the simulation results for the synchronization of the transmitted signal modulated by Chen chaotic system at the transmitter and Genesio chaotic system at the receiver, and those for the information recovery process.     

Adaptive synchronization of identical chaotic and hyper-chaotic systems with uncertain parameters

This paper addresses a unified mathematical expression describing a class of chaotic systems, for which the problem of adaptive synchronization between two nearly identical chaotic and hyper-chaotic systems with uncertain parameters is studied. Based on Lyapunov stability theory, a novel adaptive synchronization controller is designed, and the analytic expression of the controller and the adaptive laws of parameters are developed. The controller is simple and systemic, no parameters of the slave system are included in the controller, and, for some specific error systems, the controller can be simplified ulteriorly. New chaotic and a new hyper-chaotic systems with uncertain parameters are taken as the examples to show the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive synchronization method.     

Projective synchronization of time‒delayed chaotic systems with unknown parameters using adaptive control method

The present article aims to study the projective synchronization between two identical and non?identical time?delayed chaotic systems with fully unknown parameters. Here the asymptotical and global synchronization are achieved by means of adaptive control approach based on Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional theory. The proposed technique is successfully applied to investigate the projective synchronization for the pairs of time?delayed chaotic systems amongst advanced Lorenz system as drive system with multiple delay Rössler system and time?delayed Chua's oscillator as response system. An adaptive controller and parameter update laws for unknown parameters are designed so that the drive system is controlled to be the response system. Numerical simulation results, depicted graphically, are carried out using Runge–Kutta Method for delay?differential equations, showing that the design of controller and the adaptive parameter laws are very effective and reliable and can be applied for synchronization of time?delayed chaotic systems. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Simple adaptive variable structure control for unknown chaotic systems

This paper proposes two novel adaptive variable structure tracking controllers for a large class of chaotic systems with unknown dynamics in presence of both external disturbances and input nonlinearities. The pros and cons of each proposed methodology is also represented. In order to eliminate the chattering effect in the former controlled system, two corresponding fuzzy adaptive controllers are presented. Besides, synchronization of two non-identical uncertain chaotic systems is investigated using our proposed methods in both full and reduced-order forms. It can be seen that not only our proposed control schemes can be applied to a wide class of uncertain chaotic systems but also it is simple to implement in practical application. Finally, the proposed methods are applied to some famous chaotic systems to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods.