Sigma Terms and Strangeness Contents of Baryon Octet in Modified Chiral Perturbation Theory

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Study of Strange Quark Mass in CFL Phase

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Angular Distributions for

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Shape Coexistence for 179Hg in Relativistic Mean-Field Theory

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Pair-Breaking Critical Current Density of Two-Band Superconductor MgB2

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Dynamics of Two-Photon Lasers with

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基于六粒子纠缠态和Bell态测量的量子信息分离

通过介绍六粒子纠缠态的新应用研究,提出了一个二粒子任意态的信息分离方案.在这个方案中,发送者Alice、控制者Charlie和接受者Bob共享一个六粒子纠缠态,发送者先执行两次Bell基测量|然后控制者执行一次Bell基测量|最后接受者根据发送者和控制者的测量结果,对自己拥有的粒子做适当的幺正变换,从而能够重建要发送的二粒子任意态.这个信息分离方案是决定性的,即成功概率为100%.与使用相同的量子信道进行二粒子任意态的信息分离方案相比,本文提出的方案只需要进行Bell基测量而不需要执行多粒子的联合测量,从而使得这个方案更简单、更容易,并且在目前的实验室技术条件下是能够实现的.     

Re-study of Nucleon Pole Contribution in J/

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Bouncing branes

We investigate (4+1)- and (5+0)-dimensional gravity coupled to a non-compact scalar field sigma-model in the context of a single-brane-world scenario with separable metric and a bulk fluid. We briefly discuss the standard cosmological solutions and the family of warp factors (which includes both the original Randall–Sundrum [Phys. Rev. Lett. 83 (1999) 3370, hep-ph/9905221; Phys. Rev. Lett. 83 (1999) 4690, hep-th/9906064] solution and the solution of Kachru, Schulz and Silverstein [H.A. Chamblin, H.S. Reall, Nucl. Phys. B 562 (1999) 133, hep-th/9903225; S. Kachru, M. Schulz, E. Silverstein, Phys. Rev. D 62 (2000) 045021, hep-th/0001206]) for the case of a rolling fifth radius [C. Kennedy, E.M. Prodanov, Phys. Lett. B 488 (2000) 11, hep-th/0003299]. We show how this model can be adjusted so that it describes the standard cosmology on a self-tuning domain wall (with static fifth radius) [C. Kennedy, E.M. Prodanov, hep-th/0010202] and we discuss the solutions. Searching for a possible relation to the negative Euclidean stress energy, appearing in the Giddings and Strominger's axion induced topology change in quantum gravity and string theory [S.B. Giddings, A. Strominger, Nucl. Phys. B 306 (1988) 890], we modify the non-compact sigma-model into a single-field model (with a rolling fifth radius, separable metric, and no bulk fluid) for the more general case of a brane with non-zero curvature parameter. We find a solution (with a Kachru–Schulz–Silverstein warp factor [Phys. Rev. D 62 (2000) 045021, hep-th/0001206]), representing a Tolman wormhole for a brane with Lorentz metric and for a brane with positive definite metric.     

Nonlinear diffusion of indirect excitons in an ideal bilayer with an in-plane harmonic trap

The nonlinear diffusion of the spatially indirect excitons in an ideal bilayer with an in-plane harmonic trap is investigated based on the theories developed by Ivanov [A.L. Ivanov, Europhys. Lett. 59 (2002) 586; A.L. Ivanov, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 16 (2004) S3629] and Rapaport et al. [R. Rapaport, G. Chen, S. Simon, O. Mitrofanov, L. Pfeiffer, P.M. Platzman, Phys. Rev. B 72 (2005) 075428]. A nonlinear equation for the diffusion of the indirect excitons in this structure is established. The two-dimensional density of the indirect excitons in this structure is calculated. The calculations show that the density adjacent to the trap center for different exciton temperatures can remain very high even long after the photo-excitation because of the confinement of the in-plane harmonic trap, and that the indirect excitons gather several tens of μm away from the trap center. The calculations are in good agreement qualitatively with the experimental results of Voros et al. [Z. Voros, D.W. Snoke, L. Pfeiffer, K. West, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 (2006) 016803] and prove that an in-plane harmonic trap can indeed keep an exciton gas dense near its center.     

Nanoscale oscillatory fracture propagation in metallic glasses

We describe the oscillatory crack propagation for small propagation velocities at the atomistic scale that was recently observed for brittle metallic glasses [G. Wang, Y.T. Wang, Y.H. Liu, M.X. Pan, D.Q. Zhao, W.H. Wang, Appl. Lett. 89 (2006) 121909; G. Wang, D.Q. Zhao, H.Y. Bai, M.X. Pan, A.L. Xia, B.S. Han, X.K. Xi, Y. Wu, W.H. Wang, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 (2007) 235501]. Based on a simple model of crack propagation [Y. Braiman, T. Egami, Phys. Rev. E, 77 (2008) 065101(R)], we derived and analyzed expressions for the feature size, oscillation period, and maximum strain accumulated in the material.     

Single-oscillator model and determination of optical constants of spray pyrolyzed amorphous SnO<Subscript>2</Subscript> thin films

It has recently been shown that growth of a multilayer structure with one or more delta-layers at high temperature leads to spreading and asymmetrization of the dopant distribution [see, for example, E.F.J. Schubert, Vac. Sci. Technol. A. 8, 2980 (1990), A.M. Nazmul, S. Sugahara, M. Tanaka, J. Crystal Growth 251, 303 (2003); R.C. Newman, M.J. Ashwin, M.R. Fahy, L. Hart, S.N. Holmes, C. Roberts, X. Zhang, Phys. Rev. B 54, 8769 (1996); E.F. Schubert, J.M. Kuo, R.F. Kopf, H.S. Luftman, L.C. Hopkins, N.J. Sauer, J. Appl. Phys. 67, 1969 (1990); P.M. Zagwijn, J.F. van der Veen, E. Vlieg, A.H. Reader, D.J. Gravesteijn, J. Appl. Phys. 78, 4933 (1995); W.S. Hobson, S.J. Pearton, E.F. Schubert, G. Cabaniss, Appl. Phys. Lett. 55, 1546 (1989); Delta Doping of Semiconductors, edited by E.F. Schubert (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1996); Yu.N. Drozdov, N.B. Baidus', B.N. Zvonkov, M.N. Drozdov, O.I. Khrykin, V.I. Shashkin, Semiconductors 37, 194 (2003); E. Skuras, A.R. Long, B. Vogele, M.C. Holland, C.R. Stanley, E.A. Johnson, M. van der Burgt, H. Yaguchi, J. Singleton, Phys. Rev. B 59, 10712 (1999); G. Li, C. Jagadish, Solid-State Electronics 41, 1207 (1997)]. In this work analytical and numerical analysis of dopant dynamics in a delta-doped area of a multilayer structure has been accomplished using Fick's second law. Some reasons for asymmetrization of a delta-dopant distribution are illustrated. The spreading of a delta-layer has been estimated using example materials of a multilayer structure, a delta-layer and an overlayer.     

Discrete growth models on deterministic fractal substrate

The growth of the modified Family model and the Etching model on the Sierpinski carpet is studied by means of numerical simulations. The evolving interface of the aggregates is described by the well-established Family-Vicsek dynamic scaling approach. The results of the modified Family model prove the universality of the fractional Langevin equation introduced by Lee and Kim [S.B. Lee, J.M. Kim, Phys. Rev. E 80 (2009) 021101]. The Etching model also shows good scaling behavior. We conjecture that the systematic deviations of the data found in the ballistic deposition [C.M. Horowitz, F. Romá, E.V. Albano, Phys. Rev. E 78 (2008) 061118] may be due to the finite-size effects of the Ballistic Deposition model.     

Response function technique for calculating the random-phase approximation correlation energy

We develop a scheme to exactly evaluate the correlation energy in the random-phase approximation, based on linear response theory [Y. R. Shimizu, J. D. Garrett, R. A. Broglia, M. Gallardo, and E. Vigezzi, Rev. Mod. Phys. 61, 131 (1989)]. It is demonstrated that our formula is equivalent to a contour integral representation recently proposed [F. Donau, D. Almehed, and R. G. Nazmitdinov, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 280 (1999)] being numerically more efficient for realistic calculations. Examples are presented for pairing correlations in rapidly rotating nuclei.     

Moduli stabilization, large-volume dS minimum without -branes, (non-)supersymmetric black hole attractors and two-parameter Swiss cheese Calabi–Yau's

We consider two sets of issues in this paper. The first has to do with moduli stabilization, existence of “area codes” [A. Giryavets, New attractors and area codes, JHEP 0603 (2006) 020, hep-th/0511215] and the possibility of getting a non-supersymmetric dS minimum without the addition of -branes as in KKLT for type II flux compactifications. The second has to do with the “inverse problem” [K. Saraikin, C. Vafa, Non-supersymmetric black holes and topological strings, hep-th/0703214] and “fake superpotentials” [A. Ceresole, G. Dall'Agata, Flow equations for non-BPS extremal black holes, JHEP 0703 (2007) 110, hep-th/0702088] for extremal (non-)supersymmetric black holes in type II compactifications. We use (orientifold of) a “Swiss cheese” Calabi–Yau [J.P. Conlon, F. Quevedo, K. Suruliz, Large-volume flux compactifications: Moduli spectrum and D3/D7 soft supersymmetry breaking, JHEP 0508 (2005) 007, hep-th/0505076] expressed as a degree-18 hypersurface in WCP⁴[1,1,1,6,9] in the “large-volume-scenario” limit [V. Balasubramanian, P. Berglund, J.P. Conlon, F. Quevedo, Systematics of moduli stabilisation in Calabi–Yau flux compactifications, JHEP 0503 (2005) 007, hep-th/0502058]. The main result of our paper is that we show that by including non-perturbative α^′ and instanton corrections in the Kähler potential and superpotential [T.W. Grimm, Non-perturbative corrections and modularity in N=1 type IIB compactifications, arXiv: 0705.3253 [hep-th]], it may be possible to obtain a large-volume non-supersymmetric dS minimum without the addition of anti-D3 branes a la KKLT. The chosen Calabi–Yau has been of relevance also from the point of other studies of Kähler moduli stabilization via non-perturbative instanton contributions [F. Denef, M.R. Douglas, B. Florea, Building a better racetrack, JHEP 0406 (2004) 034, hep-th/0404257] and non-supersymmetric AdS vacua (and their subsequent dS-uplifts) using (α^′)³ corrections to the Kähler potential [V. Balasubramanian, P. Berglund, J.P. Conlon, F. Quevedo, Systematics of moduli stabilisation in Calabi–Yau flux compactifications, JHEP 0503 (2005) 007, hep-th/0502058; K. Becker, M. Becker, M. Haack, J. Louis, Supersymmetry breaking and alpha'-corrections to flux induced potentials, JHEP 0206 (2002) 060, hep-th/0204254; A. Westphal, de Sitter string vacua from Kähler uplifting, JHEP 0703 (2007) 102, hep-th/0611332; V. Balasubramanian, P. Berglund, Stringy corrections to Kähler potentials, SUSY breaking, and the cosmological constant problem, JHEP 0411 (2004) 085, hep-th/0408054].     

Experimental identification of electromagnetically induced transparency in magnetized plasma

We report the first experimental identification of the new wave branch at electron cyclotron frequency produced by the injection of a frequency-matched intense pump wave in magnetized plasma [A.?G. Litvak and M.?D. Tokman, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 095003 (2002); G. Shvets and J.?S. Wurtele, Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 115003 (2002)], which is a classical phenomenon analogous to electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in quantum systems. By using a frequency-sweep interferometer, we directly detected the dispersion relation of the plasma EIT branch for propagation parallel to the background magnetic field. The bandwidth of the EIT window was correlated with the pump-wave electric field and was found to agree with the theoretical prediction.     

The effects of the N atom collective Lamb shift on single photon superradiance

The problem of single photon collective spontaneous emission, a.k.a. superradiance, from N atoms prepared by a single photon pulse of wave vector k₀ has been the subject of recent interest. It has been shown that a single photon absorbed uniformly by the N atoms will be followed by spontaneous emission in the same direction [M. Scully, E. Fry, C.H.R. Ooi, K. Wodkiewicz, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 (2006) 010501; M. Scully, Laser Phys. 17 (2007) 635]; and in extensions of this work we have found a new kind of cavity QED in which the atomic cloud acts as a cavity containing the photon [A.A. Svidzinsky, J.T. Chang, M.O. Scully, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 (2008) 160504]. In most of our studies, we have neglected virtual photon (“Lamb shift”) contributions. However, in a recent interesting paper, Friedberg and Mannassah [R. Friedberg, J.T. Manassah, Phys. Lett. A 372 (2008) 2514] study the effect of virtual photons investigating ways in which such effects can modify the time dependence and angular distributions of collective single photon emission. In the present Letter, we show that such virtual transitions play no essential role in our problem. The conclusions of [M. Scully, E. Fry, C.H.R. Ooi, K. Wodkiewicz, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 (2006) 010501; M. Scully, Laser Phys. 17 (2007) 635; A.A. Svidzinsky, J.T. Chang, M.O. Scully, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 (2008) 160504] stand as published. However, the N atom Lamb shift is an interesting problem in its own right and we here extend previous work both analytically and numerically.     

on submicron rings and their application for coherent nanoelectronic devices

Electron-phase modulation in magnetic and electric fields will be presented in In_0.75Ga_0.25As Aharonov–Bohm (AB) rings. The zero Schottky barrier of this material made it possible to nanofabricate devices with radii down to below 200 nm without carrier depletion. We shall present a fabrication scheme based on wet and dry etching that yielded excellent reproducibility, very high contrast of the oscillations and good electrical gating. The operation of these structures is compatible with closed-cycle refrigeration and suggests that this process can yield coherent electronic circuits that do not require cryogenic liquids. The InGaAs/AlInAs heterostructure was grown by MBE on a GaAs substrate [F. Capotondi, G. Biasiol, D. Ercolani, V. Grillo, E. Carlino, F. Romanato, L. Sorba, Thin Solid Films 484 (2005) 400], and in light of the large effective g-factor and the absence of the Schottky barrier is a material system of interest for the investigation of spin-related effects [W. Desrat, F. Giazotto, V. Pellegrini, F. Beltram, F. Capotondi, G. Biasiol, L. Sorba, D.K. Maude, Phys. Rev. B 69 (2004) 245324; W. Desrat, F. Giazotto, V. Pellegrini, M. Governale, F. Beltram, F. Capotondi, G. Biasiol, L. Sorba, Phys. Rev. B 71 (2005) 153314; J. Nitta, T. Akazaki, H. Takayanagi, T. Enoki, Phys. Rev. Lett. 78 (1997) 1335] and the realization of hybrid superconductor/semiconductor devices [Th. Schäpers, A. Kaluza, K. Neurohr, J. Malindretos, G. Crecelius, A. van der Hart, H. Hardtdegen, H. Lüth, Appl. Phys. Lett. 71 (1997) 3575].     

Application of Tietz Potential to Study Singlet-Triplet Transition of a Two-Electron Quantum Dot

In this paper, we have studied electronic properties of a two-electron quantum dot using Tietz confining potential in the presence of an external magnetic field. In this regard, we have applied diagonalization procedure of Hamilonian matrix. We have calculated singlet-triplet ground state transitions as a function of the magnetic field. The obtained results show that the dot size of the Tietz potential has an important role in the ground state transition. The singlet-triplet transition of the ground state shifts towards lower magnetic field when the quantum size increases. Our results yield much less transitions than that of previous results [R.G. Nazmitdinov, N.S. Simonovic, and M.J. Rost, Phys. Rev. B 65 (2002) 155307].     

Structure of the hydrogen stabilized MgO(1 1 1)-(1 × 1) surface from low energy electron diffraction (LEED)

A structural study has been performed on the MgO(1 1 1)-(1 × 1) surface by low energy electron diffraction (LEED) using experimental data obtained with a delay-line-detector LEED (DLD-LEED) system to minimize electron damage. It was found that the surface is terminated by a hydroxide layer with the top O-Mg interlayer spacing equal to 1.02 Å, which is close to the spacings between Mg and O planes in bulk brucite crystals (Mg(OH)₂). This is in good agreement with a recent study using photoelectron diffraction (PhD) spectroscopy and density functional theory calculation (DFT) [V.K. Lazarov, R. Plass, H.-C. Poon, D.K. Saldin, M. Weinert, S.A. Chambers, M. Gajdardziska-Josifovska, Phys. Rev. B 71 (2005) 115434]. The second interlayer spacing shows a small expansion of 3% and the third is bulk-like, while the DFT calculation predicted that the spacings below the top one are all bulk-like. This result clearly favors hydroxylation [K. Refson, R.A. Wogelius, D.G. Fraser, M.C. Payne, M.H. Lee, V. Milman, Phys. Rev. B 52 (1995) 10823] as a way of stabilizing the MgO(1 1 1) surface at low temperature over metallization, which has a top layer spacing of 0.86 Å for O termination and 1.25 Å for Mg termination [Lazarov et al. 2005; T. Tsukada, T. Hoshino, Phys. Soc. Jpn. 51 (1982) 2562, J. Goniakowski, C. Noguera, Phys. Rev. B 60 (1999) 16120].