Top Quark Flavor Changing Decay t

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Study of Strange Quark Mass in CFL Phase

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Shape Coexistence for 179Hg in Relativistic Mean-Field Theory

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Angular Distributions for

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Bouncing branes

We investigate (4+1)- and (5+0)-dimensional gravity coupled to a non-compact scalar field sigma-model in the context of a single-brane-world scenario with separable metric and a bulk fluid. We briefly discuss the standard cosmological solutions and the family of warp factors (which includes both the original Randall–Sundrum [Phys. Rev. Lett. 83 (1999) 3370, hep-ph/9905221; Phys. Rev. Lett. 83 (1999) 4690, hep-th/9906064] solution and the solution of Kachru, Schulz and Silverstein [H.A. Chamblin, H.S. Reall, Nucl. Phys. B 562 (1999) 133, hep-th/9903225; S. Kachru, M. Schulz, E. Silverstein, Phys. Rev. D 62 (2000) 045021, hep-th/0001206]) for the case of a rolling fifth radius [C. Kennedy, E.M. Prodanov, Phys. Lett. B 488 (2000) 11, hep-th/0003299]. We show how this model can be adjusted so that it describes the standard cosmology on a self-tuning domain wall (with static fifth radius) [C. Kennedy, E.M. Prodanov, hep-th/0010202] and we discuss the solutions. Searching for a possible relation to the negative Euclidean stress energy, appearing in the Giddings and Strominger's axion induced topology change in quantum gravity and string theory [S.B. Giddings, A. Strominger, Nucl. Phys. B 306 (1988) 890], we modify the non-compact sigma-model into a single-field model (with a rolling fifth radius, separable metric, and no bulk fluid) for the more general case of a brane with non-zero curvature parameter. We find a solution (with a Kachru–Schulz–Silverstein warp factor [Phys. Rev. D 62 (2000) 045021, hep-th/0001206]), representing a Tolman wormhole for a brane with Lorentz metric and for a brane with positive definite metric.     

Pair-Breaking Critical Current Density of Two-Band Superconductor MgB2

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Re-study of Nucleon Pole Contribution in J/

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基于六粒子纠缠态和Bell态测量的量子信息分离

通过介绍六粒子纠缠态的新应用研究,提出了一个二粒子任意态的信息分离方案.在这个方案中,发送者Alice、控制者Charlie和接受者Bob共享一个六粒子纠缠态,发送者先执行两次Bell基测量|然后控制者执行一次Bell基测量|最后接受者根据发送者和控制者的测量结果,对自己拥有的粒子做适当的幺正变换,从而能够重建要发送的二粒子任意态.这个信息分离方案是决定性的,即成功概率为100%.与使用相同的量子信道进行二粒子任意态的信息分离方案相比,本文提出的方案只需要进行Bell基测量而不需要执行多粒子的联合测量,从而使得这个方案更简单、更容易,并且在目前的实验室技术条件下是能够实现的.     

Dynamics of Two-Photon Lasers with

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Phase transition of traffic states with on-ramp

We study the phase transition on a highway in a modified anisotropic continuum model with an on-ramp, which is recently developed by Gupta and Katiyar (J. Phys. A: Math. Nucl. Gen. 38 (2005) 4069]. To investigate whether this model can describe several distinct traffic states that are identified from real-traffic data [Kerner and Rehborn, Phys. Rev. Lett. 79 (1997) 4030; Kerner, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81 (1998) 3797], we carry out numerical simulations with an open boundary condition. The observed transition between free flow and various types of congested flow such as localized clusters, stop-and-go traffic and different kinds of synchronized traffic flow is obtained by applying a triggering pulse through an on-ramp in our simulation.We present the phase diagram for three representative values of the upstream boundary flux and for the whole range of the on-ramp flux. Several states like pinned localized cluster, triggered stop-and-go, recurring hump state, the oscillatory congested traffic and the homogeneous congested traffic are observed in phase transition from free flow to traffic-jam state. The phase diagram for our model near on-ramp is consistent with the results obtained by Lee et al. [Phys. Rev. E 59(5) (1999) 5101]. The results suggest that the modified model is able to describe all the three phases of traffic-flow theory developed by Kerner [Physica A 333 (2004) 379].     

Discrete growth models on deterministic fractal substrate

The growth of the modified Family model and the Etching model on the Sierpinski carpet is studied by means of numerical simulations. The evolving interface of the aggregates is described by the well-established Family-Vicsek dynamic scaling approach. The results of the modified Family model prove the universality of the fractional Langevin equation introduced by Lee and Kim [S.B. Lee, J.M. Kim, Phys. Rev. E 80 (2009) 021101]. The Etching model also shows good scaling behavior. We conjecture that the systematic deviations of the data found in the ballistic deposition [C.M. Horowitz, F. Romá, E.V. Albano, Phys. Rev. E 78 (2008) 061118] may be due to the finite-size effects of the Ballistic Deposition model.     

Quantum entanglement formation by repeated spin blockade measurements in a spin field-effect transistor structure embedded with quantum dots

We propose a method of operating a quantum state machine made of stacked quantum dots buried in adjacent to the channel of a spin field-effect transistor (FET) [S. Datta, B. Das, Appl. Phys. Lett. 56 (1990) 665; K. Yoh, et al., Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Physics of Semiconductors (ICPS) 2004; H. Ohno, K. Yoh et al., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 42 (2003) L87; K. Yoh, J. Konda, S. Shiina, N. Nishiguchi, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 36 (1997) 4134]. In this method, a spin blockade measurement extracts the quantum state of a nearest quantum dot through Coulomb blockade [K. Yoh, J. Konda, S. Shiina, N. Nishiguchi, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 36 (1997) 4134; K. Yoh, H. Kazama, Physica E 7 (2000) 440] of the adjacent channel conductance. Repeated quantum Zeno-like (QZ) measurements [H. Nakazato, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 (2003) 060401] of the spin blockade is shown to purify the quantum dot states within several repetitions. The growth constraints of the stacked InAs quantum dots are shown to provide an exchange interaction energy in the range of 0.01–1 meV [S. Itoh, et al., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 38 (1999) L917; A. Tackeuchi, et al., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 42 (2003) 4278]. We have verified that one can reach the fidelity of 90% by repeating the measurement twice, and that of 99.9% by repeating only eleven QZ measurements. Entangled states with two and three vertically stacked dots are achieved with the sampling frequency of the order of 100 MHz.     

Quantum Correlations in a Family of Two-Qubit Separable States

Quantum correlations in a family of two-qubit separable classical-quantum correlated states are intensively studied with four different approaches, namely, quantum discord [Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 (2002) 017901], measurement- induced disturbance (MID) [Phys. Rev. A 77 (2008) 022301], ameliorated MID [J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 44 (2011) 352002] and quantum dissonance [Phys. Rev. Lett. 104 (2010) 080501]. Quantum correlations captured with different approaches are compared and discussed so that their three distinct features are exposed.     

Can the baryon number density and the cosmological constant be interrelated?

A toy model is proposed in which the cosmological constant and the baryon number density of the Universe are interrelated. The model combines the mechanism of Dimopoulos and Susskind [S. Dimopoulos, L. Susskind, Phys. Rev. D 18 (1978) 4500] in which the baryon number density of the Universe is generated by the time-dependence of the phase of a complex scalar field, i.e. its ‘angular momentum’ in the two-dimensional complex field space, with that of Yoshimura [M. Yoshimura, Phys. Lett. B 608 (2005) 183, hep-ph/0410183] in which the ‘centrifugal force’ due to the ‘angular momentum’ pushes the vacuum expectation value of the scalar field out of a negative potential minimum and provides a small but positive cosmological constant. Unfortunately, our model fails to relate the smallness of the two numbers directly, requiring a fine-tuning of the negative potential minimum.     

Nonlinear diffusion of indirect excitons in an ideal bilayer with an in-plane harmonic trap

The nonlinear diffusion of the spatially indirect excitons in an ideal bilayer with an in-plane harmonic trap is investigated based on the theories developed by Ivanov [A.L. Ivanov, Europhys. Lett. 59 (2002) 586; A.L. Ivanov, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 16 (2004) S3629] and Rapaport et al. [R. Rapaport, G. Chen, S. Simon, O. Mitrofanov, L. Pfeiffer, P.M. Platzman, Phys. Rev. B 72 (2005) 075428]. A nonlinear equation for the diffusion of the indirect excitons in this structure is established. The two-dimensional density of the indirect excitons in this structure is calculated. The calculations show that the density adjacent to the trap center for different exciton temperatures can remain very high even long after the photo-excitation because of the confinement of the in-plane harmonic trap, and that the indirect excitons gather several tens of μm away from the trap center. The calculations are in good agreement qualitatively with the experimental results of Voros et al. [Z. Voros, D.W. Snoke, L. Pfeiffer, K. West, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 (2006) 016803] and prove that an in-plane harmonic trap can indeed keep an exciton gas dense near its center.     

Ionization and Charge Transfer of Atomic Hydrogen by Highly Charged Ions

Cross sections for charge transfer and ionization of atomic hydrogen by highly charged ions A^q＋ （q =6 9） are evaluated using a simple and classical method based on the previous works by Bohr and Lindhard [K. Dan. Vidensk. Selsk. Mat. Fys. Medd 28 （1954） No 7], Brandt [Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. 214 （1983） 93] and Ben-Itzhak et al. [J. Phys. B： At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 26 （1993） 1711]. It is proved that the present calculations are feasible to some extent in comparison with available experimental data and quantum calculations.     

Mixing,ergodicity and slow relaxation phenomena

Investigations on diffusion in systems with memory [I.V.L. Costa, R. Morgado, M.V.B.T. Lima, F.A. Oliveira, Europhys. Lett. 63 (2003) 173] have established a hierarchical connection between mixing, ergodicity, and the fluctuation–dissipation theorem (FDT). This hierarchy means that ergodicity is a necessary condition for the validity of the FDT, and mixing is a necessary condition for ergodicity. In this work, we compare those results with recent investigations using the Lee recurrence relations method [M.H. Lee, Phys. Rev. B 26 (1982) 2547; M.H. Lee, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87 (2001) 250601; M.H. Lee, J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 39 (2006) 4651]. Lee shows that ergodicity is violated in the dynamics of the electron gas [M.H. Lee, J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 39 (2006) 4651]. This reinforces both works and implies that the results of [I.V.L. Costa, R. Morgado, M.V.B.T. Lima, F.A. Oliveira, Europhys. Lett. 63 (2003) 173] are more general than the framework in which they were obtained. Some applications to slow relaxation phenomena are discussed.     

Quantum Correlations in a Family of Two-Qubit Separable States

Quantum correlations in a family of two-qubit separable classical-quantum correlated states are intensively studied with four diferent approaches,namely,quantum discord[Phys.Rev.Lett.88(2002)017901],measurementinduced disturbance(MID)[Phys.Rev.A 77(2008)022301],ameliorated MID[J.Phys.A:Math.Theor.44(2011)352002]and quantum dissonance[Phys.Rev.Lett.104(2010)080501].Quantum correlations captured with diferent approaches are compared and discussed so that their three distinct features are exposed.     

Quantum secure direct communication based on order rearrangement of single photons

We present an improvement of the protocol proposed by Lucamarini and Mancini [M. Lucamarini, S. Mancini, Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 (2005) 140501] with techniques used in the protocol presented by Zhu et al. [A.D. Zhu, Y. Xia, Q.B. Fan, S. Zhang, Phys. Rev. A 73 (2006) 022338], namely the secret transmitting order of particles.     

Nanoscale oscillatory fracture propagation in metallic glasses

We describe the oscillatory crack propagation for small propagation velocities at the atomistic scale that was recently observed for brittle metallic glasses [G. Wang, Y.T. Wang, Y.H. Liu, M.X. Pan, D.Q. Zhao, W.H. Wang, Appl. Lett. 89 (2006) 121909; G. Wang, D.Q. Zhao, H.Y. Bai, M.X. Pan, A.L. Xia, B.S. Han, X.K. Xi, Y. Wu, W.H. Wang, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 (2007) 235501]. Based on a simple model of crack propagation [Y. Braiman, T. Egami, Phys. Rev. E, 77 (2008) 065101(R)], we derived and analyzed expressions for the feature size, oscillation period, and maximum strain accumulated in the material.