H_2在Li掺杂Al_7C~+上吸附的理论研究

利用密度泛函理论研究了H2分子在Li掺杂Al7C+团簇上的吸附.对于Al7C+团簇,H2分子的吸附能仅为-0.017eV,掺杂Li原子到Al7C+团簇可以明显增强对H2分子的吸附.吸附一个H2分子时吸附能可以达到-0.151eV,吸附四个H2分子的平均吸附能为-0.073eV.根据自然键轨道分析,电荷从Li原子向Al7C+团簇转移,带正电的Li离子极化H2分子并且增强了H2分子与Al7CLi+团簇之间的相互作用.     

Sc修饰Si@Al_(12)团簇吸附CO的第一性原理研究

本文采用密度泛函理论的广义梯度近似,研究了Sc原子修饰的Si@Al_(12)团簇与CO分子之间的相互作用.结果显示:Sc原子倾向于以穴位的形式吸附于Si@Al_(12)团簇表面;Sc周围最多可以吸附7个完整CO分子,CO的平均吸附能处于0.990~1.602 eV之间;Sc Si@Al_(12)·7CO团簇中CO质量分数可达33.07%,有望作为CO气体过滤材料.     

铂基团簇Pt_3X(X=Al,Si,Cu)催化水制氢及其水解副产物氧化CO（英文）

本文基于第一性原理研究了利用具有幻数结构特点的Pt_3X(X=Al,Si,Cu)团簇仅通过一步反应就能催化分解水制氢的反应过程.吸附物H_2O@Pt_3X团簇在波长300～760 nm的紫外和可见光范围内有强吸收,表明太阳光可以方便地用于Pt_3X的催化水解制氢的反应.此外,水解后滞留在团簇上的O原子可在反应活化能为0.34～0.58 eV内与CO氧化反应生成CO_2.这个通过氧化消除"毒性"CO的结果表明了反应副产物有能作催化剂的循环再利用能力.本文发现生成的CO_2分子还可以在323 K的温度下脱离Pt_3X小团簇.     

H2在Li掺杂Al7C+上吸附的理论研究

摘要: 利用密度泛函理论研究了H2分子在Li掺杂Al7C+团簇上的吸附．对于Al7C+团簇,H2分子的吸附能仅为-0.017eV,掺杂Li原子到Al7C+团簇可以明显增强对H2分子的吸附．吸附一个H2分子时吸附能可以达到-0.151eV,吸附四个H2分子的平均吸附能为-0.073eV．根据自然键轨道分析,电荷从Li原子向Al7C+团簇转移,带正电的Li离子极化H2分子并且增强了H2分子与Al7CLi+团簇之间的相互作用．     

中性金-钒-氧团簇氧化一氧化碳研究

本文实验制备了中性AuVO_(2～4)团簇并研究了其与CO和O_2的反应.实验结果表明,团簇AuVO_4和AuVO_3与CO反应主要生成吸附产物,而团簇AuO_2可与O_2反应生成AuVO_4.密度泛函理论计算结果表明,团簇AuVO_4和AuVO_3可在较高温度条件下氧化CO生成CO_2,从而形成催化氧化循环:AuVO_4+CO■AuVO_3+CO_2,AuVO_3+CO■AuVO_2+CO_2,AuVO_2+O_2→AuVO_4.     

中性金-钒-氧团簇氧化一氧化碳研究（英文）

本文实验制备了中性AuVO_(2～4)团簇并研究了其与CO和O_2的反应.实验结果表明,团簇AuVO_4和AuVO_3与CO反应主要生成吸附产物,而团簇AuO_2可与O_2反应生成AuVO_4.密度泛函理论计算结果表明,团簇AuVO_4和AuVO_3可在较高温度条件下氧化CO生成CO_2,从而形成催化氧化循环:AuVO_4+CO■AuVO_3+CO_2,AuVO_3+CO■AuVO_2+CO_2,AuVO_2+O_2→AuVO_4.     

ConPtm (n+m≤7)团簇吸附CO的第一性原理研究

利用密度泛函理论的广义梯度近似方法,计算了CO与双金属团簇ConPtm (n+m≤7)的相互作用. 结果表明：当n+m≤5时,CO更易于在Co原子的顶部成键. 当5≤n+m≤7时,CO则更易在Pt原子的顶位成键. n+m的值一定时,m的值越大CO越倾向于与Pt原子成键. 磁性分析表明,n+m的值一定时,Co原子数越大,磁矩越大,而Pt原子数越大,CO分子的吸附能越大. CO的吸附能在1.61 eV到3.01 eV之间,其中Pt6∙CO团簇的吸附能最大.     

铂基团簇Pt3X(X=Al，Si，Cu)催化水制氢及其水解副产物氧化CO

本文基于第一性原理研究了利用具有幻数结构特点的Pt₃X(X=Al，Si，Cu)团簇仅通过一步反应就能催化分解水制氢的反应过程. 吸附物H₂O@Pt₃X团簇在波长300∽760 nm的紫外和可见光范围内有强吸收，表明太阳光可以方便地用于Pt₃X的催化水解制氢的反应. 此外，水解后滞留在团簇上的O原子可在反应活化能为0.34∽0.58 eV内与CO氧化反应生成CO₂. 这个通过氧化消除“毒性”CO的结果表明了反应副产物有能作催化剂的循环再利用能力. 本文发现生成的CO₂分子还可以在323 K的温度下脱离Pt₃X小团簇.     

Au2Ag和AuAg2团簇对CO催化氧化反应的理论研究

本文采用密度泛函理论,对Au₂Ag和AuAg₂团簇催化CO的氧化反应机理进行了系统的研究.对CO+O₂→CO₂+O和CO+O→CO₂两个氧化反应,文中分别讨论了ER反应机理和LH反应机理,结果发现在CO+O₂反应中倾向于LH反应机理,而在CO+O反应中则倾向于ER反应机理.此外,在完整的CO氧化反应中,Au₂Ag团簇两个催化氧化反应过程中的势垒都很低,说明其有望成为良好的CO氧化催化剂.     

CO2在中性及带负电Be（n=4, 7, 10, 12, m=0, -1）团簇表面的吸附与解离

运用密度泛函理论,对中性及带负电的BeCO2 (n=4, 7, 10, 12, m=0, -1) 团簇进行了构型优化,稳定性和电子性质分析。结果表明：CO2吸附于Ben和Ben-1团簇表面时,C-O键长均有不同程度的伸长。其中Be4CO2-1,Be12CO2-1中CO2分子的一个C-O键自然断裂(伸长量达到了134%和156%),为典型的解离性吸附。Be团簇表现出了较好的吸附CO2分子的能力,特别是带负电以后,吸附能明显增大(约为3.16eV--5.965eV)。电子性质分析表明,带负电升高了相应团簇的前线轨道能级,使轨道杂化发生在费米能级处附近,从而增强了CO2分子与相应团簇的成键能力。     

Mechanistic study of the CO oxidation reaction on the CuO (111) surface during chemical looping combustion

Cu-based oxides oxygen carriers and catalysts are found to exhibit attractive activity for CO oxidation, but the dispute with respect to the reaction mechanism of CO and O₂ on the CuO surface still remains. This work reports the kinetic study of CO oxidation on the CuO (111) surface by considering the adsorption, reaction and desorption processes based on density functional theory calculations with dispersion correction (DFT-D). The Eley–Rideal (ER) CO oxidation mechanism was found to be more feasible than the Mars-van-Krevelen (MvK) and Langmuir–Hinshelwood (LH) mechanisms, which is quite different from previous knowledge. The energy barrier of ER, LH, and MvK mechanisms are 0.557, 0.965, and 0.999 eV respectively at 0 K. The energy barrier of CO reaction with the adsorbed O species on the surface is as low as 0.106 eV, which is much more active in reacting with CO molecules than the lattice O of CuO (111) surface (0.999 eV). A comparison with the catalytic activity of the perfect Cu₂O (111) surface shows that the ER mechanism dictates both the perfect Cu₂O (111) and the CuO (111) surface activity for CO oxidation. The activity of the perfect Cu₂O (111) surface is higher than that of the perfect CuO (111) surface at elevated temperatures. A micro-kinetic model of CO oxidation on the perfect CuO (111) surface is established by providing the rate constants of elementary reaction steps in the Arrhenius form, which could be helpful for the modeling work of CO catalytic oxidation.     

Charge separation in CO oxidation involving supported gold clusters

The character of the catalytic oxidation of CO by supported gold cluster catalysts is analyzed with emphasis on the unique characteristics of this process. The scheme of this process used here has the reagent CO molecule captured in the interface between the cluster and support, with oxygen molecules or atoms located on the support surface to react with the CO. (Other models have also been presented.) The experimental data indicate that, together with configurational transitions that lead to the CO molecule joining an oxygen atom to form the CO₂ molecule, the charge separation due to capture of the CO molecule by the supported gold cluster is important. The process of release of the CO₂ molecule results in charge exchange; the time for this process is relatively long because of the large distance separating positive and negative charges, a distance exceeding the cluster radius. This provides a high efficiency of the oxidation of CO with this catalyst despite the relatively high activation energy for the configurational transition.     

CO adsorption on oxygen-modified molybdenum surfaces

Structures of carbon monoxide layers on the oxygen-modified Mo(1 1 0) and Mo(1 1 2) surfaces have been investigated by means of density-functional (DFT) calculations. It is found that CO molecules adsorb at hollow sites on the O/Mo(1 1 0) surface and nearly atop Mo atoms on the O/Mo(1 1 2) surface. The favorable positions for adsorption are shown to be near protrusions of electron density above the Mo surface atoms. The presence of oxygen on the molybdenum surface significantly reduces the binding energy of the CO molecule with the substrate; on the oxygen-saturated Mo(1 1 0) surface, the adsorption of CO is completely blocked. The calculated local densities of states (LDOS) demonstrate that the O 2s peak for O adsorbed on Mo(1 1 0) surface is at −19 eV (with respect to the Fermi level), while for the oxygen atom of an adsorbed CO molecule the related 3σ molecular orbital gives rise to a peak at −23 eV. This difference stems from the bonding of the O atom either with Mo surface for adsorbed O or with C atom in adsorbed CO, and therefore the position of the O 2s peak in photoemission spectra can serve as a convincing argument in favor of either the presence or absence of the CO dissociation on Mo surfaces.     

Catalytic activity of Pd ensembles incorporated into Au nanocluster for CO oxidation: A first-principles study

We investigated the catalytic activity of Pd atoms incorporated into Au(111) facet through first-principles calculations, and found that the Pd monomer, dimer, and trimer are highly reactive for the reaction of CO+O₂→CO₂+Ovia association mechanism, in which an intermediate state (OOCO) is formed. Significantly, a low energy barrier (0.19-0.32 eV) was found for the formation of OOCO. The atomic oxygen left by CO+O₂→CO₂+O reaction can be removed by another CO on Pd-decorated Au cluster via Langmuir-Hinshelwood or Eley-Rideal mechanism. Our studies indicate Pd ensembles incorporated into Au(111) facet markedly improve the catalytic activity of gold nanocluster.     

Reaction mechanism for CO oxidation on Cu(3 1 1): A density functional theory study

The microscopic reaction mechanism for CO oxidation on Cu(3 1 1) surface has been investigated by means of comprehensive density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The elementary steps studied include O₂ adsorption and dissociation, dissociated O atom adsorption and diffusion, as well as CO adsorption and oxidation on the metal. Our results reveal that O₂ is considerably reactive on the Cu(3 1 1) surface and will spontaneously dissociate at several adsorption states, which process are highly dependent on the orientation and site of the adsorbed oxygen molecule. The dissociated O atom may likely diffuse via inner terrace sites or from a terrace site to a step site due to the low barriers. Furthermore, we find that the energetically most favorable site for CO molecule on Cu(3 1 1) is the step edge site. According to our calculations, the reaction barrier of CO + O → CO₂ is about 0.3 eV lower in energy than that of CO + O₂ → CO₂ + O, suggesting the former mechanism play a main role in CO oxidation on the Cu(3 1 1) surface.     

N2O在Yn(n=2-7)团簇表面的自然解离

运用第一性原理，研究了N2O在Yn (n=2-7) 团簇表面吸附机理。结果表明：N2O吸附于 Yn (n=2-7)团簇表面时，不需要克服任何能垒而自然解离。吸附导致了主团簇Y原子平均键长增大,体系表现出了巨大的吸附能 (约为8-10eV)。吸附对体系化学活性的影响具有一定的尺寸依赖性。在所有团簇中，Y6N2O吸附能最大，化学性质最稳定。     

N_2O在Y_n(n=2-7)团簇表面的自然解离

运用第一性原理,研究了N2O在Yn(n=2-7)团簇表面吸附机理.结果表明:N_2O吸附于Yn(n=2-7)团簇表面时,不需要克服任何能垒而自然解离.吸附导致了主团簇Y原子平均键长增大,体系表现出了巨大的吸附能(约为8-10 e V).吸附对体系化学活性的影响具有一定的尺寸依赖性.在所有团簇中,Y_6N_2O吸附能最大,化学性质最稳定.     

A density functional theory study on the adsorption of CO and O2 on Cu-terminated Cu2O （111） surface

The adsorptions of CO and 02 molecules individually on the stoichiometric Cu-terminatcd Cu20 （111） surface are investigated by first-principles calculations on the basis of the density functional theory. The calculated results indicate that the CO molecule preferably coordinates to the Cu2 site through its C atom with an adsorption energy of-1.69 eV, whereas the 02 molecule is most stably adsorbed in a tilt type with one O atom coordinating to the Cu2 site and the other O atom coordinating to the Cul site, and has an adsorption energy of -1.97 eV. From the analysis of density of states, it is observed that Cu 3d transfers electrons to 2π orbital of the CO molecule and the highest occupied 5σ orbital of the CO molecule transfers electrons to the substrate. The sharp band of Cu 4s is delocalized when compared to that before the CO molecule adsorption, and overlaps substantially with bands of the adsorbed CO molecule. There is a broadening of the 2π orbital of the 02 molecule because of its overlapping with the Cu 3d orbital, indicating that strong 3d-2π interactions are involved in the chemisorption of the 02 molecule on the surface.