磷硅酸盐微结构及其拉曼光谱的量子化学计算

构建了系列典型的磷硅酸盐团簇结构模型,应用量子化学从头计算方法研究了磷硅酸盐的精细结构,选用Restricted Hartree-Fock(RHF)方法以及6-31G(d)基组优化空间几何构型,并计算了其拉曼光谱,同时引入硅氧四面体应力指数(SIT)分析和讨论了磷氧四面体对硅氧四面体微环境的影响。研究表明,磷硅酸盐高频区硅氧四面体非桥氧的对称伸缩振动频率不仅与非桥氧所处的硅氧四面体本身的种类有关,同时也与其邻接四面体种类及成环状况有关;磷氧四面体具有较强的键角调节和应力传导能力,使得硅氧四面体的振动频率相对键角不敏感;硅氧四面体非桥氧的对称伸缩振动频率随硅氧四面体应力指数(SIT)的增加而增加,并呈线性关系。     

链状硅酸盐矿物的拉曼光谱研究

本文基于密度泛函理论(DFT)的平面波赝势法,利用CASTEP计算模块对四种典型链状(铝)硅酸盐矿物进行拉曼振动活性与拉曼光谱的模拟计算,同时测定了矿物的拉曼光谱,确定了四种矿物拉曼振动谱峰的归属,并结合硅氧四面体应力指数(SIT)进行了分析。结果表明,CASTEP计算模块可以有效获知(铝)硅酸盐矿物特征结构的拉曼振动模式的归属;链状(铝)硅酸盐矿物硅氧四面体局域环境与SiOT非桥氧对称伸缩振动波数之间的关系仍可用SIT指数描述。     

单冰晶石微结构与拉曼光谱特征研究

本文以单冰晶石中的AlF4-基本结构单元为基础,构建了系列团簇,采用Restricted Hatree-Fock(RHF)量子化学自洽场方法和6-31G(d)基组对团簇进行优化,并在相同的方法和基组条件下计算分子振动频率及其拉曼活性,证实AlF4-结构中Al-F键的对称伸缩振动峰位在622cm-1附近。同时,用高温拉曼光谱仪原位实测了单冰晶石成分的物质及其熔体的常温和高温拉曼光谱,研究表明,在升温过程中有单冰晶石相生成,此外,分析了其结构及其振动光谱随温度的变化。     

二元碱金属硅酸盐精细结构和拉曼光谱的从头计算研究

应用量子化学从头计算方法研究了二元碱金属硅酸盐的精细结构,对典型的系列二元碱金属硅酸盐离子簇模型采用6-31G(d)基组和闭壳层Hartree-Fock(RHF)方法优化构型,并计算了二元碱金属硅酸盐的拉曼光谱,采用硅氧四面体应力指数这一精细结构参数分析和讨论了计算得到的非桥氧高频区对称伸缩振动频率和其拉曼光学活性,以及不同阳离子对该拉曼光学活性的影响。研究表明,二元碱金属硅酸盐非桥氧高频区对称伸缩振动频率与其精细结构密切相关,而且与Q₃相连的Q₄会对该Q₃的拉曼光学活性表现出增强作用。这说明二元碱金属硅酸盐的拉曼散射等性质主要依赖于其精细结构而非其初级结构单元-硅氧四面体。研究还表明,半径较大的阳离子有利于增强离子簇的拉曼光学活性,但对于小的离子簇,过多的电荷迁移反而会起到抑制作用。     

钠钛硅酸盐精细结构及其拉曼活性分子振动的量子化学从头计算研究

本文选取了Na_2O-TiO_2-SiO_2体系不同成分的团簇模型,采用量子化学从头计算方法计算其拉曼振动频率和相对散射活性。本文分析了钛硅酸盐中硅氧四面体([SiO_4])的局域环境变化对特征拉曼振动频率的影响,对硅氧四面体应力指数进行了拓展与修正,研究表明钠钛硅酸盐拉曼光谱高波数区硅氧四面体非桥氧对称伸缩振动频率随相应的硅氧四面体应力指数的增加而增加,并表现出良好的线性相关性。采用拉曼光谱和~(29)Si NMR对Na_2TiSiO_5玻璃进行解谱、定量分析和比较,并认为869 cm~(-1)处的谱峰归属为Q_(1(Si))中非桥氧的对称伸缩振动。     

Na_2O-Al_2O_3二元系团簇微结构与特征拉曼振动波数的相关性

针对含铝四配位Na_2O-Al_2O_3二元系熔体团簇结构,构建了九种团簇模型,并对其拉曼振动波数和散射活性进行了密度泛函理论(DFT)计算。微结构的命名参考了硅酸盐体系的命名规则~([1]),其中Al-O四面体简记为Qi(i为桥氧数)。分析表明,Na_2O-Al_2O_3二元系团簇中Q_2和Q_3微结构单元中Al-O_(nb)(non-bridging oxygen,即非桥氧)键对称伸缩振动波数随其键长呈现线性相关性。Q_2和Q_3微结构中铝氧键长随着参与成环铝氧四面体的数目的增加而增加,这些相关性有助于Na_2O-Al_2O_3二元系熔体中铝氧四面体连接方式及团簇的诊断和鉴别。     

NaF-AlF_3二元系熔盐固相晶体与熔体结构的拉曼光谱及其计算模拟研究

采用量子化学密度泛函计算方法对NaF-AlF3系熔盐的若干典型固相晶体结构进行了计算模拟拉曼光谱研究,并对光谱的振动形式进行了归属,发现特征峰位与铝配位数关系明显;同时,对NaF-AlF3二元系熔盐固相晶体及熔体结构进行了原位变温拉曼光谱实验研究。结果表明,基于计算模拟的振动谱峰归属分析,为NaF-AlF3系熔盐的微结构识别和温致结构变化提供了解析依据,而且随着AlF3浓度的增加,熔盐中铝六配位结构逐渐转化为铝四配位结构。     

二元碱金属硅酸盐玻璃团簇结构的拉曼散射活性及其阳离子效应

提出一种拉曼光谱校正方法.通过计算二元碱会属硅酸盐团簇基元的拉曼光谱,对实验光谱高频区的非桥氧(Onb)对称伸缩振动的强度进行了校正,从而建立谱峰强度和团簇实际浓度的直观相关关系,同时,分析研究了二元碱金属硅酸盐玻璃阳离子对谱峰强度的影响.校正后的拉曼光谱可以真实地显示同化学成分的二元碱金属硅酸盐玻璃表观实验拉曼谱峰强...     

氟虫氰表面增强拉曼光谱的密度泛函理论研究（英文）

2017年8月初,荷兰发现大范围鸡蛋受杀虫剂氟虫腈污染。用拉曼光谱检测的方法对解决氟虫腈检测问题做了一定的探索。为了获得氟虫腈分子的分子结构振动信息,根据密度泛函理论中的B3LYP杂化泛函和6-311G++(d,p)基组,对氟虫腈分子进行了几何结构优化和频率计算,得到了该分子的稳定构型和全部振动模式,计算了氟虫腈分子稳定构型的拉曼散射光谱。利用HORIBA公司的T64000型光栅共聚焦显微拉曼光谱仪采集了FP的拉曼光谱并配合使用Ag/Cu纳米基底采集了表面增强拉曼光谱,较强峰出现在211,308,350,867,1323和1432 cm-1处,次强峰出现在254,407,443,463,511,607,646,712,800,1065和1639 cm-1处。结果表明,理论计算得到的振动频率与实验测量值在全部较强峰处和部分次强峰处吻合的较好。并对FP分子200~2000 cm-1区间内各频率谱线对应的振动模式进行了归属指认,6个较强峰依由小到大的次序分别指认为21H-22H蜷曲振动,10F-11F变形振动和21H-22H面外摇摆振动,15N-22H蜷曲振动,6C伸缩振动和21H面内弯曲振动,苯环呼吸振动和9C伸缩振动,7H-8H面内弯曲振动。发现表面增强拉曼光谱相对于拉曼光谱整体有微小的频移,两者整体吻合较好,表面增强拉曼光谱中211,867,1400和1432 cm-1处的峰得到了选择性增强,根据表面增强拉曼光谱的选择定则,解释为相关振动峰的原子与银衬底表面或许为接近垂直的状态,并可能与银表面吸附。下一步计划将氟虫腈混入鸡蛋中,对氟虫腈在鸡蛋中不同浓度情况下进行指认研究。研究结果可为氟虫腈的拉曼光谱分析提供理论依据,将促进食品和农产品中氟虫腈残留的快速检测和在线检测研究。将拉曼光谱作为对传统化学检测方法的补充。     

密度泛函理论研究过渡金属对吡啶的拉曼光谱强度的影响

本文采用杂化密度泛函理论计算了过渡金属M -Py分子的基态振动频率和拉曼光谱强度。计算结果表明过渡金属对Py分子的振动频率影响较小 ,但对Py分子的A1 振动模式的拉曼谱强度影响较大。对于A1 对称性的非C -H伸缩振动模 ,吡啶分子环呼吸振动和高频的C -C对称伸缩振动有较大的拉曼散射因子 ,我们还将此结果与典型的SERS活性金属 (铜族金属 )进行了比较     

Raman spectroscopy of CaM2+Ge2O6 (M2+ = Mg,Mn, Fe,Co, Ni,Zn) clinopyroxenes

The Raman spectra of Ge‐clinopyroxenes CaM²⁺Ge₂O₆ (M²⁺ = Mg, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn), general formula M2M1T₂O₆, are reported for the first time. Their spectral features are discussed in comparison with corresponding Si‐pyroxenes. The vibrational wavenumbers of germanates may be roughly obtained by a scale factor of about ~0.8 by those of the corresponding silicates, due to the Ge‐Si mass difference. The main peaks in the germanate Raman spectra at ~850 and ~540 cm⁻¹ may be related to Ge‐O tetrahedral stretching and chain bending, respectively; minor peaks between 200 and 400 cm⁻¹ are ascribed to bending and stretching of the non‐tetrahedral cations. Within Ge‐pyroxenes, possible correlations between crystallographic parameters and the vibrational wavenumbers are investigated. The main stretching mode at ~850 cm⁻¹ shows wavenumber changes with M²⁺ substitutions, but no simple correlation can be found with M²⁺ cation mass or size. On the other hand, the chain bending wavenumber linearly decreases with increasing ionic radius of the M²⁺ cation: the expansion of the M1 polyhedron reduces the chain kinking angle and the Ge‐Ge distances correspondingly increase. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Inner vibrational modes and anhar-monicity of Mg-OH− complexes in naf single crystals

Abstract

Different inner vibrational modes (stretching, bending and their combination) of the OH^? ion perturbed by lattice defects induced by Mg²⁺ in NaF have been put in evidence and studied by means of optical absorption spectroscopy in the 600–7200 cm^?1 wavenumber range, in the 9–300K temperature range, and for Mg²⁺ molar concentration ranging between 10^?4 and 10^?3. Electrical and mechanical anharmonicity effects have been detected for the stretching modes and analyzed in the framework of the anharmonic oscillator model for a diatomic molecule.     

Coherent molecular vibrational dynamics of CH2 stretching modes in polyethylene studied by femtosecond‐CARS

We have studied the coherent molecular vibrational dynamics of CH₂ stretching modes in polyethylene by time‐resolved femtosecond coherent anti‐Stokes Raman spectroscopy. We observed that the coherent vibrational relaxation of symmetric CH₂ stretching modes in polyethylene at room temperature is much faster than that previously measured in polyvinyl alcohol. In addition, it was detected that, at low temperature, the coherent vibrational relaxation of the symmetric stretching modes evidently becomes slower compared with that at room temperature. These temperature‐dependent measurements enable us to discriminate the contribution of pure dephasing mechanism, due to phonons and two‐level systems in polymer, from the contribution of lifetime of the vibrational excited state to the coherent vibrational relaxation of CH₂ stretching modes. We conclude that the coherent vibrational relaxation of symmetric CH₂ stretching modes at room temperature consists of the contribution of lifetime and approximately 1.5 times larger contribution of pure dephasing. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Improper hydrogen bonding and motional narrowing in binary mixtures of 2‐ and 3‐bromopyridine in methanol probed by polarized Raman study and DFT calculations

A concentration‐dependent Raman study of the ν(C Br) stretching and trigonal bending modes of 2‐ and 3‐Br‐pyridine (2Br‐p and 3Br‐p) in CH₃OH was performed at different mole fractions of the reference molecule, 2Br‐p/3Br‐p, from 0.1 to 0.9 in order to understand the origin of blue/red wavenumber shifts of the vibrational modes due to hydrogen‐bond formation. The appearance of additional Raman bands in these binary systems at ∼617 cm⁻¹in the case of 2Br‐p and at ∼618 cm⁻¹ in the case of 3Br‐p compared to neat bromopyridine derivatives were attributed to specific hydrogen‐bonded complexes formed in the mixtures. The interpretation of experimental results is supported by density functional calculations on optimized geometries and vibrational wavenumbers of 2Br‐p and 3Br‐p and a series of hydrogen‐bonded complexes with methanol. The parameters obtained from these calculations were used for a qualitative explanation of the blue/red shifts. The wavenumber shifts and linewidth changes for the ν(C Br) stretching and trigonal bending modes as a function of concentration reveal that the caging effects leading to motional narrowing and diffusion‐causing line broadening are simultaneously operative, in addition to the blue shift caused due to hydrogen bonding. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

台湾蓝玉髓的振动光谱表征

蓝玉髓是中国台湾所产的名贵宝石之一,素有"台湾蓝宝"的美誉.文章通过红外吸收光谱和激光拉曼光谱,对不同颜色及质地的台湾蓝玉髓的振动光谱特征进行了研究.结果表明,台湾蓝玉髓均显示典型的石英质玉石的振动光谱特征.其红外吸收光谱主要表现为:1 250～1 110 cm-1为最强吸收区,属Si-O非对称伸缩振动,800～600 cm-1间中等强度的吸收窄带,由Si-O-Si对称伸缩振动致,Si-O弯曲振动位于600～300 cm-1内.台湾蓝玉髓样品的激光拉曼光谱散射峰主要分布在499 cm-1,464 cm-1和214～208cm-1处,分别归属为"Moganite"石英中的Si-O对称弯曲振动、Si-O弯曲振动和[SiO4]的旋转振动或平移振动.     

Investigation of hydrogen bonding in neat dimethyl sulfoxide and binary mixture (dimethyl sulfoxide + water) by concentration-dependent Raman study and ab initio calculation

In this study,our vibrational spectroscopic analysis is made on hydrogen-bonding between dimethyl sulfoxide and water comprises both experimental Raman spectra and ab initio calculations on structures of various dimethyl sulfoxide/water clusters with increasing water content.The Raman peak position of the v(S=O) stretching mode of dimethyl sulfoxide serves as a probe for monitoring the degree of hydrogen-bonding between dimethyl sulfoxide and water.In addition,the two vibrational modes,namely,the CH 3 symmetric stretching mode and the CH 3 asymmetric stretching mode have been analysed under different concentrations.We relate the computational results to the experimental vibrational wavenumber trends that are observed in our concentration-dependent Raman study.The combination of experimental Raman data with ab initio calculation leads to a better knowledge of the nature of the hydrogen bonding and the structures of the hydrogen-bonded complexes studied.     

人工神经网络法预测四卤化物XY_4对称伸缩模和二重简并模的振动频率

用人工神经网络法，采用控制训练步长和两个惯性项的权重系数惯性调整法，分别用单目标和双目标的三层网络对四卤化物ＸＹ４的对称伸缩模。ｖ１和二重简并模ｖ２的振动频率进行了训练和预测，并将单双目标下预测的结果作了比较。双目标时发现［ＨｇＣｌ４］２的ｖ２振动频的计算值与实验值有很大差距，多目标优化可一定程度上避免过拟合。本文程序用ＦＯＲＴＲＡＮ语言编写，用ＮＤＰ－ＦＯＲＴＲＡＮ编译程序编译运行。